Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (CDMT; brand name Oral Turinabol), also known as 4-chloro-17β-hydroxy17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one, is an
anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS). It is the 4-chloro-substituted
derivative
In mathematics, the derivative of a function of a real variable measures the sensitivity to change of the function value (output value) with respect to a change in its argument (input value). Derivatives are a fundamental tool of calculus. ...
of
metandienone (dehydromethyltestosterone).
Side effects
*Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone
History
CDMT was the first original product of
Jenapharm, an
East German
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...
pharmaceutical company
The pharmaceutical industry discovers, develops, produces, and markets drugs or pharmaceutical drugs for use as medications to be administered to patients (or self-administered), with the aim to cure them, vaccinate them, or alleviate sympt ...
. It was patented in 1961. The idea of combining the structures of
4-chlorotestosterone (clostebol) and metandienone originated with chemist Albert Stachowiak. At the time, this represented a unique dissociation of
anabolic
Anabolism () is the set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units. These reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process. Anabolism is the building-up aspect of metabolism, whereas catabolism is the breaking-d ...
from
androgen
An androgen (from Greek ''andr-'', the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that regulates the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. This in ...
ic effects after oral administration.
The product was introduced for clinical use in 1965 and remained in use until 1994, when production was discontinued.
Society and culture
Doping in sports
CDMT was the key steroid administered to approximately ten thousand
East German athletes as part of a secret doping program, known as
State Plan Topic 14.25, often without their knowing the nature of the "vitamins" they were forced to take. The program remained in place from about 1968 until the collapse of the German Democratic Republic in 1989. In the 1990s, Franke and Berendonk examined GDR archives to elucidate the expansive scope of this operation, which had resulted in numerous medal wins and world-record performances.
Following allegations of widespread doping, the
International Olympic Committee
The International Olympic Committee (IOC; french: link=no, Comité international olympique, ''CIO'') is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is constituted in the form of an association under the Swis ...
reanalyzed samples from the
Beijing 2008 and
London 2012 Olympic Games using the
spectrometric
A spectrometer () is a scientific instrument used to separate and measure spectral components of a physical phenomenon. Spectrometer is a broad term often used to describe instruments that measure a continuous variable of a phenomenon where the ...
method developed by
Grigory Rodchenkov
Grigory Mikhailovich Rodchenkov (russian: Григорий Михайлович Родченков; born 24 October 1958) is the former head of Russia's national anti-doping laboratory, the ''Anti-Doping Center''. Rodchenkov is known for his i ...
in 2011 for detecting long-lasting metabolites of CDMT.
Weightlifters and
sprinters in particular were found to have used CDMT. Most of the doped athletes came from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus.
In August 2017,
UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Jon Jones tested positive for turinabol following his victory over
Daniel Cormier at
UFC 214 the month prior.
Colorado Rockies
The Colorado Rockies are an American professional baseball team based in Denver. The Rockies compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. The team plays its home baseball games at Coors Fi ...
third baseman
Colton Welker tested positive in May 2021 while playing for the
Triple-A Albuquerque Isotopes
The Albuquerque Isotopes are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League and the Triple-A affiliate of the Colorado Rockies. They play home games at Rio Grande Credit Union Field at Isotopes Park in Albuquerque, New Mexico, at an ...
. He was suspended for eighty games.
See also
*
Chlorodehydromethylandrostenediol
*
Chloromethylandrostenediol
References
{{Androgen receptor modulators
Tertiary alcohols
Androgens and anabolic steroids
Androstanes
Hepatotoxins
Enones
Organochlorides
Science and technology in East Germany
World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances