Chlamydoselachidae is a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of primitive deep-sea sharks in the order

Hexanchiformes The Hexanchiformes Help:IPA/English, /hɛkˈsæŋkɪfɔːrmiːz/ are a primitive Order (biology), order of sharks, numbering just five extant species in two Family (biology), families, Chlamydoselachidae and Cow shark, Hexanchidae. Chlamydoselach ...

. They are one of only two extant families in the order alongside the cow sharks in the family Hexanchidae, and the only members of the suborder Chlamydoselachoidei. They are now represented only by two extant species in the genus '' Chlamydoselachus'': the

frilled shark The frilled shark (''Chlamydoselachus anguineus''), also known as the lizard shark, is one of the two extant taxon, extant species of shark in the family (biology), family Chlamydoselachidae (the other is the southern African frilled shark, ''Ch ...

(''C. anguineus'') and the Southern African frilled shark (''C. africana''). However, they are thought to have been more diverse during the

Late Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the more recent of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''cre ...

, where all three extant and extinct genera are known, and one other genus (''

Rolfodon ''Rolfodon'' is an extinct genus of shark in the family Chlamydoselachidae. It is closely related to the extant frilled sharks in the genus '' Chlamydoselachus'', which it can be differentiated from by tooth morphology. It is named after late C ...

'') survived up to the

Pliocene The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch (geology), epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.33 to 2.58Turonian The Turonian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS' geologic timescale, the second age (geology), age in the Late Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch, or a stage (stratigraphy), stage in the Upper Cretaceous series (stratigraphy), ...

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

. Members of this family appear to have always been closely associated with deep-sea habitats. Some extinct taxa such as ''Rolfodon goliath'' and ''Dykeius'' could grow to very large sizes.

Species

The following taxa are known: * '' Chlamydoselachus'' Garman, 1884 ** '' Chlamydoselachus africana'' Ebert & Compagno, 2009 (southern African frilled shark) ** '' Chlamydoselachus anguineus'' Garman, 1884 (frilled shark) ** †''

Chlamydoselachus balli ''Chlamydoselachus'' is a genus of sharks and the sole extant member of the family Chlamydoselachidae, in the order Hexanchiformes. It contains two extant and four extinct species. The most widely known species still surviving is the frilled sha ...

'' Cappetta, Morrison & Adnet, 2019 ** †''

Chlamydoselachus garmani ''Chlamydoselachus garmani'' is an extinct species of large frilled shark from the Miocene. Fossils have been found in Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic ...

'' Welton, 1983 ** †''

Chlamydoselachus gracilis ''Chlamydoselachus'' is a genus of sharks and the sole extant member of the family Chlamydoselachidae, in the order Hexanchiformes. It contains two extant and four extinct species. The most widely known species still surviving is the frilled sha ...

'' Antunes & Cappetta, 2002 ** †'' Chlamydoselachus kamchaticus'' Malyshkina & Nazarkin, 2024 ** †''

Chlamydoselachus lawleyi ''Chlamydoselachus'' is a genus of sharks and the sole extant member of the family Chlamydoselachidae, in the order Hexanchiformes. It contains two extant and four extinct species. The most widely known species still surviving is the frilled sha ...

'' Davis, 1870 ** †''

Chlamydoselachus tobleri ''Chlamydoselachus'' is a genus of sharks and the sole extant member of the family Chlamydoselachidae, in the order Hexanchiformes. It contains two extant and four extinct species. The most widely known species still surviving is the frilled sha ...

'' Leriche, 1929 * †'' Dykeius'' Cappetta, Morrison & Adnet, 2019 ** †''D. garethi'' Cappetta, Morrison & Adnet, 2019 * †''

'' Cappetta, Morrison & Adnet, 2019 ** †''R. bracheri'' (Pfeil, 1983) ** †''R. fiedleri'' (Pfeil, 1983) ** †''R. goliath'' ( Antunes & Cappetta, 2002) ** †''R. keyesi'' (Mannering & Hiller 2008) ** †''R. landinii'' (Carrillo-Briceño et al. 2014) ** †''R. ludvigseni'' Cappetta, Morrison & Adnet, 2019 ** †''R. tatere'' (Consoli, 2008) ** †''R. thomsoni'' (Richter & Ward, 1990)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q277716 Shark families Taxa named by Samuel Garman Chlamydoselachidae