Chih-Ming Ho (何志明) is an engineering professor in interdisciplinary fields, which span from aerodynamics to AI-medicine
/sup>. He received a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from National Taiwan University
National Taiwan University (NTU; zh, t=國立臺灣大學, poj=Kok-li̍p Tâi-oân Tāi-ha̍k, p=, s=) is a National university, national Public university, public research university in Taipei, Taiwan. Founded in 1928 during Taiwan under J ...
in 1967 and a Ph.D. in Mechanics and Material Sciences from Johns Hopkins University
The Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1876 based on the European research institution model, J ...
in 1974.
In 1997, Ho was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering
The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) is an American Nonprofit organization, nonprofit, NGO, non-governmental organization. It is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM), along with the National Academ ...
for contributions to the understanding and control of turbulent flows.
Academic career
Dr. Chih-Ming Ho started his career at the University of Southern California
The University of Southern California (USC, SC, or Southern Cal) is a Private university, private research university in Los Angeles, California, United States. Founded in 1880 by Robert M. Widney, it is the oldest private research university in ...
(USC) in 1975 and rose to the rank of full professor. In 1991, he moved to the University of California, Los Angeles
The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California, United States. Its academic roots were established in 1881 as a normal school the ...
to lead the university's establishment of the micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) field, while serving as the founding Director of the Center for Micro Systems. He is the Ben Rich-Lockheed Martin Professor Emeritus. Ho was the Director of the NASA-supported Institute for Cell Mimetic Space Exploration and the NIH-supported Center for Cell Control at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science
The UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, informally known as UCLA Samueli School of Engineering or UCLA Engineering, is the school of engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). It opened as the Coll ...
. He served as UCLA Associate Vice Chancellor for Research from 2001 to 2005.
Research accomplishments
Control of turbulent flows
Ho was the first to introduce the idea of actively perturbing the free shear layer with subharmonics of its Kelvin-Helmholtz instability frequency for increasing the entrainment of the ambient fluid into the jet stream ,3/sup>. Furthermore, with an elliptic jet of a small aspect ratio, he found that the entrainment of the elliptic jet can be up to five times higher than that of a round jet at a passive control mode /sup>. Ho applied micro shear stress
Shear stress (often denoted by , Greek alphabet, Greek: tau) is the component of stress (physics), stress coplanar with a material cross section. It arises from the shear force, the component of force vector parallel to the material cross secti ...
sensor array
A sensor array is a group of sensors, usually deployed in a certain geometry pattern, used for collecting and processing electromagnetic or acoustic signals. The advantage of using a sensor array over using a single sensor lies in the fact that an ...
s to detect the turbulent separation line at the leading edge of the airfoil and used micro actuators to produce asymmetric separation vortices, such that the aircraft can be maneuvered in rolling, pitching and yawing modes ,6/sup>. These innovative flow control technologies made him a global front-runner in aerodynamics during the 1980s.
Microfluidics
In early 1990s, Ho was among the pioneers of studying flows inside microfluidic channels ,8/sup> and micro bio-molecular sensors ,10/sup>. Microfluidic devices are in the dimension of microns, which match the cell sizes, such that only a minute amount of biosample is needed for analysis. With surface molecular modifications, amperometric sensors can detect DNA/RNA even without PCR amplification in the 2000s /sup>. In addition, because the electrokinetic forces also work in the micro/nano scale range, it became possible to detect single molecules in microfluidic device 0/sup>. These bio-marker sensors can have ultrasensitivity in body fluids, blood, saliva, and urine 1/sup>.
AI personalized medicine
Almost all diseases are treated by combinatorial drugs. However, M drugs with N doses for each drug constitute a huge search space of NM possible combinations. In addition, the interactions among drug molecules and omics mechanisms are an insurmountable maze. Around 2010, Ho applied the mechanism independent artificial intelligence analysis and discovered that drug-dose inputs are correlated with phenotypic outputs with a Phenotypic Response Surface (PRS) 2,13,14,16,17,18/sup>, which is governed by second-order polynomial type function. The coefficients of the PRS function can be determined by a small number of calibration tests. Hence, the AI-PRS function in turn eliminates the need for big data training set for AI analysis, which is not feasible in in vivo tests, especially in clinical settings. AI-PRS is an indication agnostic and mechanism free platform technology, which has been successfully demonstrated in about 30 diseases, including clinical trials of cancers 5/sup>, infectious diseases 0/sup> and organ transplants 9/sup>. The AI-PRS platform can realize unprecedented levels of adaptability to identify the optimized drug combination for a specific patient, even if dynamic changes to the regimen and dose/drug optimization are needed on a continuous basis 5,19,20/sup>.
Honors and awards
Ho was ranked by Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation ( ) is a Canadian multinational corporation, multinational content-driven technology Conglomerate (company), conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and maintains its headquarters at 1 ...
ISI as one of the top 250 most cited researchers in all engineering categories (2001-2014). In 1997, Dr. Ho was inducted as a member of the National Academy of Engineering
The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) is an American Nonprofit organization, nonprofit, NGO, non-governmental organization. It is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM), along with the National Academ ...
. In the next year, he was elected as an Academician of Academia Sinica
Academia Sinica (AS, ; zh, t=中央研究院) is the national academy of the Taiwan, Republic of China. It is headquartered in Nangang District, Taipei, Nangang, Taipei.
Founded in Nanjing, the academy supports research activities in mathemat ...
. Ho has received a Doctor of Engineering Honoris Causa from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) is a public research university in Sai Kung District, New Territories, Hong Kong. Founded in 1991, it was the territory's third institution to be granted university status, and the firs ...
and he holds ten honorary professorships, including the Einstein Professorship from the Chinese Academy of Sciences
The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS; ) is the national academy for natural sciences and the highest consultancy for science and technology of the People's Republic of China. It is the world's largest research organization, with 106 research i ...
. Ho was elected a Fellow of American Physics Society
The American Physical Society (APS) is a not-for-profit membership organization of professionals in physics and related disciplines, comprising nearly fifty divisions, sections, and other units. Its mission is the advancement and diffusion of ...
, American Association for the Advancement of Science
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is a United States–based international nonprofit with the stated mission of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific responsib ...
, American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
The American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) is a non-profit organization founded in 1991, and headquartered in Washington, D.C. It represents 50,000 medical and Biomedical engineering, biomedical engineers, and academic i ...
and American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) is a professional society for the field of aerospace engineering
Aerospace engineering is the primary field of engineering concerned with the development of aircraft and spacecra ...
.
Services in Professional Communities
In services to professional societies. Ho was a Chair of the Division of Fluid Dynamics (DFD) for the American Physical Society
The American Physical Society (APS) is a not-for-profit membership organization of professionals in physics and related disciplines, comprising nearly fifty divisions, sections, and other units. Its mission is the advancement and diffusion of ...
, which is the platform in the United States for scientists interested in fundamental fluid dynamics. He was on the advisory board for the AIAA Journal
The ''AIAA Journal'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. It covers all areas of aeronautics and astronautics, particularly with respect to new theoretical and experimen ...
and is a member of the IEEE/ASME coordinating Committee of Journal of MEMS. He was an Associate Editor of the ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering and an Associate Editor of the AIAA Journal. He also has served as a Guest Editor for the Annual Review of Fluid Dynamics. He also has chaired or served on many advisory or organizing committees of international conferences on high technology topics.
Ho has served on advisory panels to provide assistance to the US, China, France, Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, and the United Kingdom, on the developments of nano/micro technologies.
Industrial participation
Ho is a co-founder of GeneFluidics, which specializes in rapid PCR-less molecular based identification of pathogen-specific sequence. He is also a co-founder of Kyan Therapeutics, which specializes in AI driven drug development/dosage optimization.
References
#
Predictable response: Finding optimal drugs and doses using artificial intelligence
, by Chakradhar, S., Nature Medicine, V.23, pages 1244–1247 (2017.)
# Ho, C.M. and Huang, L.S.,
Subharmonics and Vortex Merging in Mixing Layers
, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 119, pp. 443–473, 1982.
# Ho, C.M. and Huerre, P.,
Perturbed Free Shear Layers
, Ann. Rev. of Fluid Mech., Vol. 16, pp. 365–424, 1984.
# Ho, C.M. and Gutmark, E.,
Vortex Induction and Mass Entrainment in a Small Aspect Ratio Elliptic Jet
, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 179, pp. 383–405, 1987.
# Lee, G.B., Chiang, S., Tai, Y.C., Tsao, T., Liu, C., Huang, P.H. and Ho, C.M.,
Robust Vortex Control of a Delta Wing Using Distributed MEMS Actuators
Journal of Aircraft, 37(4):697-706, 2000.
#
, by Browne, M.W., New York Times, Jan. 3, 1995,
# Liu, J., Tai, Y.C., Pong, K., and Ho, C.M., "Micromachined Channel/Pressure Sensor Systems for Micro Flow Studies,
Tech. Digest, 1993 International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS’93)
Yokohama, Japan, pp. 995–999, June 1993.
# Pong, K.C., Ho, C. M., Liu, J. and Tai, Y.C., "Nonlinear Pressure Distribution in Uniform Microchannels,
Application of Microfabrication to Fluid Mechanics, FED-Vol
197, pp. 51–56, ASME, 1994.
# Gau, J.J., Lan, E. H., Dunn, B., Ho, C.M.,
A MEMS-based Amperometric Detector for E. Coli Bacteria - Using Self-Assembled Monolayers
, Journal of Biosensor and Bioelectronics, Volume 9, Number 12, pp. 745–755, 2001.
# Wang, T.H., Peng, Y., Zhang, C., Wong, P.K. and Ho, C.M.,
Single-Molecule Tracing on a Fluidic Microchip for Quantitative Detection of Low-Abundance Nucleic Acids
, Journal of the American Chemical Society 127, 5354–5359, 2005.
#
20 New Biotech Breakthroughs that Will Change Medicine
, by Wenner, M., Popular Mechanics, Dec 9, 2009
# Al-Shyoukh, I., Yu, F., Feng, J., Yan, K., Dubinett, S., Ho, C. M., Shamma, J.S. and Sun R.,
Systematic quantitative characterization of cellular responses induced by multiple signals
, BMC Systems Biology, Vol. 5, pp. 88, 2011.
# Wong, P.K, Yu, F., Shahangian A., Cheng, G., Sun, R. and Ho, C.M.,
Closed-Loop Control of Cellular Functions Using Combinatory Drugs Guided by a Stochastic Search Algorithm
, Proceeding of National Academy of Science, Vol. 105, No.13 pp. 5105–5110, 2008
# Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska, Andrea Weiss, Xianting Ding, Paul J Dyson, Hubert van den Bergh, Arjan W Griffioen & Chih-Ming Ho,
Optimization of drug combinations using Feedback System Control
, Nature Protocols, VOL.11 NO.2, pp. 302–315, 2016
# Pantuck,* A.J., Lee, D.K., Kee, T., Wang, P., Lakhotia, S., Silverman, M.H., Mathis, C., Drakaki, A., Belldegrun, A.S., Ho, C.M., and Ho, D.,
Modulating BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694 and Enzalutamide Combination Dosing in a Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patient Using CUREATE.AI, an Artificial Intelligence Platform
, Advanced Therapeutics, DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800104, 2018.
# Rashid, M. B. M. A., Toh, T. B., Hooi, L., Silva, A., Zhang, Y., Tan, P. F., Teh, A. L., Karnani, N., Jha, S., Ho, C. M., Chng, W. J., Ho, D., Chow, E. K. H.,
Optimizing drug combinations against multiple myeloma using a quadratic phenotypic optimization platform (QPOP)
. Sci. Transl. Med. 10, eaan0941 2018.
# Silva, A., Lee, B.Y., Clemens, D.L., Kee, T., Ding, X., Ho, C.M. and Horwitz, M.A.,
Output-driven feedback system control platform optimizes combinatorial therapy of tuberculosis using A macrophage cell culture model
, PNAS, Vol. 113, No. 15, 2016.
# Lee, B.Y., Clemens, D.L., Silva, A., Dillon, B.J., Sasˇa Maslesˇa-Galic´, Nava, S., Ding, X., Ho, C.M., and Horwitz, M.A.,
Drug regimens identified and optimized by output-driven platform markedly reduce tuberculosis treatment time
, Nat. Commun. 8, 14183 doi: 10.1038/ncomms14183, 2017.
# Zarrinpar, A., Lee, D.-K., Silva, A., Datta, N., Kee, T., Eriksen, C., Weigle, K., Agopian, V., Kaldas, F., Farmer, D., Wang, S.E., Busuttil, R., Ho, C.M.,
Individualizing liver transplant immunosuppression using a phenotypic personalized medicine platform
, Sci. Transl. Med. 8, 333ra49, 2016.
# Shen, Y., Liu, T., Chen, J., Li, X., Liu, L., Shen, J., Wang, J., Zhang, R., Sun, M., Wang, Z., Song, W., Qi, T., Tang, Y., Meng, X., Zhang, L., Ho, D., Ho, C. M., Ding, X., and Zhou Lu, H.Z.,
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Optimize Long-Term Maintenance Dosing for Antiretroviral-Naive Adults with HIV-1 Infection
DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900114, Adv. Therap.2019
External links
*
Chih Ming Ho System Laboratory
{{Authority control
1945 births
Living people
American engineers
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
Fellows of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics