Chibi (slang)

''Chibi'', also known as ''super deformation'' (''SD''), is an art style originating in Japan, and common in anime and manga where characters are drawn in an exaggerated way, typically small and chubby with stubby limbs, oversized heads, and minimal detail. The style has found its way into the anime and manga fandom through its usage in manga works and merchandising.

Word usage and etymology

The English term "chibi" derives from the Japanese , where is a colloquial word for very short people and children, itself deriving from , and is loaned from the English "character".

"Super deformed" and "S.D." come from Japanese , itself from French .

Proportions and appearance

Compared to the average anime character, usually about seven to eight heads tall, the head of a super-deformed character is normally anywhere between one third and one half the character's height. In addition to their modified proportions, super-deformed characters typically lack the detail of their normal counterparts. As a result, when a character of average proportions is depicted as a super-deformed character, certain aspects of their design will be simplified and others will be more exaggerated. Details such as folds on a jacket are ignored, and general shapes are favored. If a character has a signature characteristic (odd hair, a particular accessory, etc.) this will typically be prominent in the super deformed version of the character.

The chibi style easily falls under the Japanese category of kawaii, with the specific proportions being exaggerated in the ways that they are. With it being as cute as it is, the chibi style allows for easy advertisement in the culture, and even in other countries.

Media usage

One example of ''chibi'''s usage in Japanese, which brought the term to the attention of Western fans, is Chibiusa; this diminutive pet name for the daughter of Sailor Moon comes from ''Chibi Usagi'' ("Little Rabbit"). The ''chibi'' art style is part of the Japanese ''kawaii'' culture, and is seen everywhere from advertising and subway signs to anime and manga. The style was popularized by franchises like ''Dragon Ball'' and '' SD Gundam'' in the 1980s. It is used as comic relief in anime and manga, giving additional emphasis to a character's emotional reaction.

The super deformed style has also appeared in anime-influenced American series such as ''Homestuck'', ''Teen Titans,'' and '' Avatar: The Last Airbender'', which feature super deformed shorts. It also appeared in French-Canadian shows such as '' Totally Spies!'' and '' Martin Mystery''.

The main character of the manga, and later several anime adaptations, Astro Boy, is an early example of the evolving chibi style. Created in 1952, the chibi style was not yet what was known as today, and yet some of the characteristics were beginning to emerge. Astro Boy has the usage of exaggerated features, like very large eyes, round heads, and small rounded limbs, and as these features lend themselves well to it, this style is often used to represent children and child-like characters like Astro Boy.

Perhaps the most renowned use of the style is in the Hello Kitty character. An anthropomorphic cat with a head bigger than her body created in 1974 for a coin purse, Hello Kitty is one of Japan's biggest icons being featured in series, music, games, and books.

In May 2016, Rooster Teeth released the first episode of '' RWBY Chibi'', a 3D animated series of shorts involving the characters popularized by their show ''RWBY''.

In 2022, Disney Channel introduced the '' Chibiverse'' series that uses Disney animated characters.

See also

* Kawaii, 'cute'
* Moe (slang), expression of fascination or infatuation

References

External links

{{Commons category, Chibi characters

Tofugu article covering native usage of the word "chibi", as well as the chibi style

Detailed tutorial for drawing in the chibi style

Anime and manga terminology
Articles containing video clips
Caricature
Culture of Japan
Japanese popular culture
Japanese words and phrases