Chhattisgarhi () is an

Indo-Aryan language The Indo-Aryan languages, or sometimes Indic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family. As of 2024, there are more than 1.5 billion speakers, primarily concentrated east of the Indus river in Ba ...

spoken by approximately 16.25 million people from

Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh (; ) is a landlocked States and union territories of India, state in Central India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, ninth largest state by area, and with a population of roughly 30 million, the List ...

Odisha Odisha (), formerly Orissa (List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2011), is a States and union territories of India, state located in East India, Eastern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by ar ...

Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (; ; ) is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and the largest city is Indore, Indore. Other major cities includes Gwalior, Jabalpur, and Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, Sagar. Madhya Pradesh is the List of states and union te ...

and

Maharashtra Maharashtra () is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. It is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and Goa to the south, Telangana to th ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

. It is the official language of

. It is grouped within the Eastern Hindi languages and is counted by the Indian national census as a dialect of Hindi.

Phonology

Consonants

* can also be heard as a tap .

Vowels

* can also be heard as back . * Nasalization is also phonemically distinctive.

Sample text

The following is a sample text in Chhattisgarhi, of Article 1 of the

Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the Human rights, rights and freedoms of all human beings. Drafted by a UN Drafting of the Universal D ...

, with a transliteration (IAST) and transcription ( IPA). ; Chhattisgarhi in Devanagari Script

सबो लोगन मन के गौरव अऊ अधिकार मन के मामला म जनम ले मिले स्वतंत्रता अऊ बरोबरी मिले हे। ओमन ल बुद्धि अऊ अन्तरात्मा के देन मिले हे अऊ ओमन ल एक दूसर ल परेम भाईचारा के भाव ले बेवहार करना चाही।

; Transliteration (

ISO The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ; ; ) is an independent, non-governmental, international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Me ...

)

Sabo loɡan man ke ɡaurav aū adhikār man ke māmlā ma janam le mile svatantratā aū barobari mile he. Oman la buddhi aū antarātmā ke den mile he aū oman la ek dūsar la parem bhāīcārā ke bhāv le bevahār karnā cāhī.

; Transcription ( IPA)

səbo loɡən mən ke ɡɔrəʋ əuː əd̪ʰikaːr mən ke maːmlaː mə dʒənəm le mile sʋət̪ənt̪rət̪aː auː bərobəri mile he. omən lə bud̪d̪ʰi auː ant̪əraːt̪maː ke d̪en mile he auː omən lə ek d̪uːsər lə pərem bʰaːiːtʃaːraː ke bʰaːʋ le beʋəhaːr kərnaː tʃaːhiː

; Translation (grammatical)

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Bibliography

*G. A. Zograph: ''Languages of South Asia'', 1960 (translated by G.L. Campbell, 1982), Routledge, London. *H. L. Kavyopadhyaya, G. A. Grierson and L. P. Kavya-Vinod. 1921. A grammar of the Chhattisgarhi dialect of Eastern Hindi. *Masica, Colin P. 1993. The Indo-Aryan languages. (Cambridge Language Surveys.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. *Boehm, Kelly Kilgo. 2022. A Preliminary Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chhattisgarhi-Speaking Peoples of India. SIL International. *C. K. Chandrakar, "Chhattisgarhi Shabadkosh" *C. K. Chandrakar, "Manak Chhattisgarhi Vyakaran" *C. K. Chandrakar, "Chhattisgarhi Muhawara Kosh" *Chhattisgarh Rajbhasha Aayog, "Prashashnik Shabdkosh Vol. I & II"

References

Chhattisgarhi Language

External links

{{Central Indo-Aryan languages Central Indo-Aryan languages Languages of India Eastern Indo-Aryan languages Culture of Chhattisgarh Languages written in Devanagari Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census