Sheptytskyi (, ), formerly Chervonohrad (, ), historically Krystynopol, is a historical mining town and the administrative center of Sheptytskyi Raion,

Lviv Oblast Lviv Oblast (, ), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (, ), is an administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast in western Ukraine. The capital city, capital of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is History Name The region is named ...

of western

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. It hosts the administration of Sheptytskyi urban hromada, one of the

hromada In Ukraine, a hromada () is the main type of municipality and the third level Administrative divisions of Ukraine, local self-government in Ukraine. The current hromadas were established by the Cabinet of ministers of Ukraine, Government of Uk ...

s of Ukraine. Sheptytskyi lies about 62 km north of

Lviv Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...

, 7 km from Sokal, 28 km northeast of the town of Voroniv, and has a population of

History

In May 1685, the Crown hetman and

Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 ...

Voivode Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Mid ...

Feliks Kazimierz Potocki purchased land along the

Bug River The Bug or Western Bug is a major river in Central Europe that flows through Belarus (border), Poland, and Ukraine, with a total length of .Krystyna Lubomirska (the

suffix In linguistics, a suffix is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of nouns and adjectives, and verb endings, which form the conjugation of verbs. Suffixes can ca ...

"-pol" derives from

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

polis Polis (: poleis) means 'city' in Ancient Greek. The ancient word ''polis'' had socio-political connotations not possessed by modern usage. For example, Modern Greek πόλη (polē) is located within a (''khôra''), "country", which is a πατ ...

"). Potocki made the city his family center. He died here on 22 September 1702. His grandson Franciszek Salezy Potocki built a palace and in 1763 founded a monastery of Basilians (barocco church of Saint George; prior to 1946 – a place of miracles with wondrous icon of the Mother of God). Among the landmarks of the city is Count Potocki's palace, constructed by the order of Feliks Kazimierz Potocki after 1692. The city, as Krystynopol, was part of the Polish Kingdom in the

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ...

until 1772, when it was incorporated into the Habsburg Empire. Chervonograd sancti spiriti

In the 19th century, the Apostolus Christinopolitanus and the chronicle from 1763 to 1779 were kept in the city. The Catholic order of Myrrh-Bearing Sisters was founded by Fr. Yulian Datsii in 1910, with the purpose of gathering funds to build a home for orphans and the poor. The first members of the congregation vowed to build two buildings: one for the people and one for the congregation. In 1913, the first convent arose, where 15 sisters lived. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, the town was annexed by the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

from 1939 to 1941, and occupied by

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalit ...

from 1941 to 1944. After

ended, the town was initially given back to Poland by the

. During the

interwar period In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II ( ...

, it belonged to the

Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939. The state was established in the final stage of World War I ...

, and between 1945 and 1951 was part of the

Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...

. It passed from Poland to the

Ukrainian SSR The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkrSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the Republics of the Soviet Union, constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991. ...

of the Soviet Union after the territorial exchange in 1951 and had its name changed from Krystynopil () to Chervonohrad, after the color red (). A local newspaper is published in the city since June 1962. On 1 August 1990, Chervonohrad became the first city in the

where a monument to

Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov ( 187021 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He was the first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until Death and state funeral of ...

was removed. Until 18 July 2020, Chervonohrad was designated as a city of oblast significance and belonged to Chervonohrad Municipality. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven, Chervonohrad Municipality was merged into newly established Chervonohrad Raion. Before being abolished, Chervonohrad Municipality also included the city of Sosnivka (until 2019) and the urban type settlement of Hirnyk. In August 2023, Ukrainian Institute of National Memory decided that the name of the city did not meet the law " On the Condemnation and Prohibition of Propaganda of Russian Imperial Policy in Ukraine and the Decolonization of Toponymy", meaning that Chervonohrad will be renamed. On 20 March 2024, the Committee of the

Verkhovna Rada The Verkhovna Rada ( ; VR), officially the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, is the unicameralism, unicameral parliament of Ukraine. It consists of 450 Deputy (legislator), deputies presided over by a speaker. The Verkhovna Rada meets in the Verkhovn ...

on issues of organization of state power, local self-government, regional development and urban planning decided to propose the name Sheptytskyi, in the name of Andrey Sheptytsky, a metropolitan archbishop who taught in the local monastery. On 19 September 2024, the Verkhovna Rada voted to rename Chervonohrad to Sheptytskyi.

Krystynopol Jews

Presently, there are 11–100

Jews Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

residing in Sheptytskyi. The earliest known Jewish community dates back to 1740. In 1931 the Jewish population was 2,200. The Jewish cemetery dates from 18th century with the last known Hasidic burial in 1941. Krystynopol Jews were deported to the

Belzec extermination camp Belzec (English: or , Polish: , approximately ) was a Nazi German extermination camp in occupied Poland. It was built by the SS for the purpose of implementing the secretive Operation Reinhard, the plan to murder all Polish Jews, a major p ...

in September, 1942. The Jewish surname and rabbinical family Kristinopoler / Kristianpoller stem from the city's former name, Krystynopol. Jewish immigrants to America from this city founded the Krystenopoler Synagogue and First Krystenopoler Sick Benevolent Association Brith Isaac in New York. The Jewish cemetery is located in the town center, in Shevska Street.

Economics

Since 1951 the city became the center of newly emerged coal mining basin. Other enterprises, besides the mining works, include: * Iron-Beton Foundry * Wood Processing Plant * Tailoring Factory * Stockings Factory * Mines * Dairy

Sheptytskyi Coal Mines

Sheptytskyi was started as a coal mining town. Currently, there are still many functional coal mines on the outskirts around the city: * Chervonohradska * Velykomostivska * Mezhyrichanska * Nadiia * Stepova * Lisova * Vidrodzhennia * Zarichna * Vizeiska

Education

* Branch of Lviv National Polytechnic University * Mining College

Population

The population of Sheptytskyi has increased significantly since 1939. * 1939 — * 1959 — * 1970 — * 1974 — * 1981 — * 1989 — * 2001 — * 2005 — * 2010 — *

2024 The year saw the list of ongoing armed conflicts, continuation of major armed conflicts, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Myanmar civil war (2021–present), Myanmar civil war, the Sudanese civil war (2023–present), Sudane ...

— 57,799 (5790 displaced persons)

Ethnic groups

Notable people

* Janina Hurynowicz (1894–1967), a Polish doctor, neurophysiologist and neurologist. * MamaRika (born 1989), a Ukrainian singer and actress. * Franciszek Salezy Potocki (1700–1772), a Polish nobleman, diplomat and politician. * Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki (1751–1805), a member of the Polish nobility and a military commander. * Frank Taffel (1877–1947), a journalist, a founder of the Congregation Beth Jacob (Atlanta) * Volodymyr Tykhyi (born 1970), a Ukrainian film director, screenwriter and film producer of documentaries and feature films.

Sport

* Volodymyr Dykyi (1962–2021), a Soviet and Ukrainian footballer with over 500 club caps * Roman Hnativ (born 1973), a former Soviet and Ukrainian footballer with 354 club caps * Tetyana Klimchenko (born 1994), a Ukrainian professional racing cyclist * Nazar Kulchytskyy (born 1992), a Ukrainian-American retired freestyle and folkstyle wrestler * Mykola Morozyuk (born 1988), a Ukrainian footballer with over 330 club caps * Andriy Kobrin (born 1991), a Ukrainian speedway rider

Postal codes

80100-80110

References

External links

*
History of Krystynopol-Chervonohrad

Inform Agency «KRYSTYNOPIL.INFO»

Chervonohrad Night

History and pictures of Chervonohrad

Short history of Rome Catholic Church in Cherwonograd (Krystynopil)

Holy Spirit Roman Catholic Church in Chervonohrad

Chervonohrad Online

Business of Chervonohrad
{{Authority control Cities in Lviv Oblast Mining cities and regions in Ukraine Cities of regional significance in Ukraine 1690s establishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Holocaust locations in Ukraine Socialist planned cities