Chengjiao (; 256–239 BC), titled Lord of Chang'an (), (

Sima Qian Sima Qian () was a Chinese historian during the early Han dynasty. He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for the ''Shiji'' (sometimes translated into English as ''Records of the Grand Historian''), a general history of China cov ...

). 'Records of the Grand Historian''">Records_of_the_Grand_Historian.html" ;"title="'Records of the Grand Historian">'Records of the Grand Historian'' [Vol. 43], . was the son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and the paternal younger half-brother of

Qin Shi Huang Qin Shi Huang (, ; February 25912 July 210 BC), born Ying Zheng () or Zhao Zheng (), was the founder of the Qin dynasty and the first emperor of China. He is widely regarded as the first ever supreme leader of a unitary state, unitary d ...

. After Qin Shi Huang, Ying Zheng inherited the title of King of Qin from his father King Zhuangxiang, Chengjiao rebelled at Tunliu and surrendered to the

State of Zhao Zhao () was one of the seven major states during the Warring States period of ancient China. It emerged from the tripartite division of Jin, along with Han and Wei, in the 5th century BC. Zhao gained considerable strength from the military ...

King Daoxiang of Zhao King Daoxiang of Zhao () (died 236 BC; r. 244–236 BC), personal name Zhao Yan, was a monarch of the Zhao state. Born to King Xiaocheng, King Daoxiang was originally not groomed to succeed to the throne. However, his path to the throne was ease ...

granted him the territory of Rao (; modern Raoyang County, Hebei). In 239 BC, Qin forces occupied Rao and he was killed.

Potential betrayal

There are disputes on whether he actually betrayed Qin for such a small land as Rao, as indicated that he did not suffer the punishment of dismemberment as Pu He (蒲鶮), a captain of sorts of the traitors in Tunliu.《史记·秦始皇本纪》：将军壁死，卒屯留蒲鶮反，戮其尸。

Family

Some historians, including Li Kaiyuan and Ma Feibai, hypothesize that Ziying, the last king of Qin, may be his son.

In popular culture

In '' Kingdom'', he (referred to as his onyomi reading, ''Seikyō'') launched a coup that tried to kill

alongside his own faction. He was later overthrown by (''Shōbun Kun''), Xin (''Shin''), loyalists and the mountain tribes. He was later pardoned and allowed leadership during Qin Shi Huang's campaigns. He was also appointed leader during a border war, but torn when the city he expected to be defended, rebelled. He was later killed by a rebel commander after being cornered, using him as an excuse to foment distrust to his brother. He also appeared as an enemy of Qin Shi Huang and the protagonist Xiang Shaolong (項少龍) in Huang Yi's novel and its live action TV series (

2001 The year's most prominent event was the September 11 attacks against the United States by al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror. The United States led a Participan ...

and ), game and comics adaptations.

References

{{Reflist Qin state people