The List of data references for chemical elements is divided into

datasheet A datasheet, data sheet, or spec sheet is a document that summarizes the performance and other characteristics of a product, machine, component (e.g., an electronic component), material, subsystem (e.g., a power supply), or software in suffici ...

s that give values for many properties of the

elements Element or elements may refer to: Science * Chemical element, a pure substance of one type of atom * Heating element, a device that generates heat by electrical resistance * Orbital elements, parameters required to identify a specific orbit of ...

, together with various references. Each datasheet is sequenced by

atomic number The atomic number or nuclear charge number (symbol ''Z'') of a chemical element is the charge number of an atomic nucleus. For ordinary nuclei, this is equal to the proton number (''n''p) or the number of protons found in the nucleus of every ...

References for chemical elements

List of chemical elements This is a list of the 118 chemical elements which have been identified as of 2022. A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has the same number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., the same atomic number, or ' ...

— with basic properties like standard atomic weight, m.p., b.p., abundance *

Abundance of the chemical elements The abundance of the chemical elements is a measure of the occurrence of the chemical elements relative to all other elements in a given environment. Abundance is measured in one of three ways: by the mass-fraction (the same as weight fraction); ...

* Abundances of the elements (data page) — Earth's crust, sea water, Sun and solar system *

Abundance of elements in Earth's crust The abundance of elements in Earth's crust is shown in tabulated form with the estimated crustal abundance for each chemical element shown as mg/kg, or parts per million (ppm) by mass (10,000 ppm = 1%). Estimates of elemental abundance are diff ...

* Atomic radii of the elements (data page) — atomic radius (empirical), atomic radius (calculated), van der Waals radius, covalent radius *

Boiling points of the elements (data page) Boiling point In the following table, the use row is the value recommended for use in other Wikipedia pages in order to maintain consistency across content. Table Notes * Unless noted, all values refer to the normal boiling point at s ...

— Boiling point * Critical points of the elements (data page) — Critical point * Densities of the elements (data page) —

Density Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is the substance's mass per unit of volume. The symbol most often used for density is ''ρ'' (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter ''D'' can also be used. Mathematicall ...

(solid, liquid, gas) *

Elastic properties of the elements (data page) Young's modulus Poisson's ratio Bulk modulus Shear modulus References See also {{Navbox periodic table Chemical properties Chemical element data pages ...

— Young's modulus, Poisson ratio, bulk modulus, shear modulus * Electrical resistivities of the elements (data page) —

Electrical resistivity Electrical resistivity (also called specific electrical resistance or volume resistivity) is a fundamental property of a material that measures how strongly it resists electric current. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows ...

Electron affinity (data page) This page deals with the electron affinity as a property of isolated atoms or molecules (i.e. in the gas phase). Solid state electron affinities are not listed here. Elements Electron affinity can be defined in two equivalent ways. First, as ...

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Electron affinity The electron affinity (''E''ea) of an atom or molecule is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron attaches to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form an anion. ::X(g) + e− → X−(g) + energy Note that this is ...

Electron configurations of the elements (data page) This page shows the electron configuration In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. For example, ...

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Electron configuration In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. For example, the electron configuration of the neon at ...

of the gaseous atoms in the ground state * Electronegativities of the elements (data page) —

Electronegativity Electronegativity, symbolized as , is the tendency for an atom of a given chemical element to attract shared electrons (or electron density) when forming a chemical bond. An atom's electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the ...

(Pauling scale) * Hardnesses of the elements (data page) — Mohs hardness, Vickers hardness, Brinell hardness *

Heat capacities of the elements (data page) Specific heat capacity Notes * All values refer to 25 °C and to the thermodynamically stable standard state at that temperature unless noted. * Values from CRC refer to "100 kPa (1 bar or 0.987 standard atmospheres)". Lange indirectly ...

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Heat capacity Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a physical property of matter, defined as the amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. The SI unit of heat capacity is joule per kelvin (J/K). Heat capacity ...

Heats of fusion of the elements (data page) Heat of fusion Notes * Values refer to the enthalpy change between the liquid phase and the most stable solid phase at the melting point (normal, 101.325 kPa). References CRC As quoted from various sources in an online version of: * Dav ...

— Heat of fusion *

Heats of vaporization of the elements (data page) Heat of vaporization Notes * Values refer to the enthalpy Enthalpy , a property of a thermodynamic system, is the sum of the system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume. It is a state function used in many measur ...

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Heat of vaporization The enthalpy of vaporization (symbol ), also known as the (latent) heat of vaporization or heat of evaporation, is the amount of energy ( enthalpy) that must be added to a liquid substance to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. ...

Ionization energies of the elements (data page) Numerical values For each atom, the column marked 1 is the first ionization energy to ionize the neutral atom, the column marked 2 is the second ionization energy to remove a second electron from the +1 ion, the column marked 3 is the third io ...

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Ionization energy Ionization, or Ionisation is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive Electric charge, charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged a ...

(in eV) and molar ionization energies (in kJ/mol) *

Melting points of the elements (data page) Melting point In the following table, the use row is the value recommended for use in other Wikipedia pages in order to maintain consistency across content. Notes * All values at standard pressure (101.325 kPa) unless noted. Triple point ...

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Melting point The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point of a substance depends ...

* Oxidation states of the elements —

Oxidation state In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to different atoms were fully ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. ...

Speeds of sound of the elements (data page) The speed of sound in any chemical element in the Phase (matter), fluid phase has one temperature-dependent value. In the Phase (matter), solid phase, different types of sound wave may be propagated, each with its own speed: among these types of wav ...

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Speed of sound The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium. At , the speed of sound in air is about , or one kilometre in or one mile in . It depends strongly on temperature as ...

* Thermal conductivities of the elements (data page) —

Thermal conductivity The thermal conductivity of a material is a measure of its ability to conduct heat. It is commonly denoted by k, \lambda, or \kappa. Heat transfer occurs at a lower rate in materials of low thermal conductivity than in materials of high thermal ...

* Thermal expansion coefficients of the elements (data page) —

Thermal expansion Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume, and density in response to a change in temperature, usually not including phase transitions. Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic ...

Vapor pressures of the elements (data page) Vapor pressure Notes *Values are given in terms of temperature necessary to reach the specified pressure. *Valid results within the quoted ranges from most equations are included in the table for comparison. *A conversion factor is included ...

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Vapor pressure Vapor pressure (or vapour pressure in English-speaking countries other than the US; see spelling differences) or equilibrium vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phase ...

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