Charles N. Brower is a former

State Department The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs o ...

official, international judge, and recognized expert in public international law and international dispute resolution. He has been a judge of the

Iran–United States Claims Tribunal The Iran–United States Claims Tribunal (IUSCT) is an international arbitral tribunal established under the Algiers Accords, an agreement between the United States and Iran mediated by Algeria and formalized through two declarations issued on Ja ...

since 1983. He has also served as a Judge ''ad hoc'' in three cases before the

International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice (ICJ; , CIJ), or colloquially the World Court, is the only international court that Adjudication, adjudicates general disputes between nations, and gives advisory opinions on International law, internation ...

(ICJ) since 2014. He is currently affiliated with 20 Essex Street Chambers in London, UK. Brower was educated at Harvard College (B.A., 1957) and Harvard Law School (J.D., 1961). He began his career as an attorney in private practice from 1961–1968 with the law firm of

White & Case LLP White & Case LLP is a global white-shoe law firm based in New York City. Founded in 1901, the firm has 46 offices in 31 countries worldwide. History The firm was founded on May 1, 1901, when two Wall Street lawyers, Justin DuPratt White, 31, a ...

. He then served in various roles in the U.S. Government, including the

U.S. Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs o ...

. He served as Assistant Legal Adviser for European Affairs (1969–1971); Deputy Legal Adviser (1971-1972); and Acting

Legal Adviser A legal adviser, formerly referred to as a justices' clerk or clerk to the justices is an official of the Magistrates' court (England and Wales), magistrates' court in England and Wales whose primary role is to provide legal advice to justices o ...

(1973), leading the

Office of the Legal Adviser The Legal Adviser of the Department of State is a position within the United States Department of State. The legal adviser provides legal advice on all issues (domestic and international) arising in the course of the department's activities. ...

. During this period, he was also Member, Joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. Commercial Commission (1972-1973). He later served as Deputy Special Counsellor to the President of the United States (1987), with sub-Cabinet rank as Deputy Assistant to the President. He then returned to White & Case and co-founded its Washington, D.C., office in 1988. Brower has served since 1983 as a judge of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal in The Hague, The Netherlands, where he was a full-time member from 1984 to 1988. Since 2014, Brower has also been judge ''ad hoc'' of the International Court of Justice. As of October 2023 he is a judge in two active cases by appointment of the United States: * ''The Case Concerning Certain Iranian Assets (Islamic Republic of Iran v United States of America)'': serving as judge ''ad hoc'' (2016-current). * ''The Case Concerning Alleged Violations of the 1955 Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations, and Consular Rights (Islamic Republic of Iran v United States of America)'': serving as judge ''ad hoc'' (2018–current). He also was a judge ad hoc of the International Court of Justice in a case by appointment of Colombia until he resigned on 5 June 2022: * ''Question of the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf Between Nicaragua and Colombia Beyond 200 Nautical Miles from the Nicaraguan Coast (Nicaragua v Colombia)'': serving as judge ''ad hoc'' (2014–2022). Brower has served also as a judge ''ad hoc'' of other international judicial panels, such as the

Inter-American Court of Human Rights The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (I/A Court H.R.) is an international court based in San José, Costa Rica. Together with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, it was formed by the American Convention on Human Rights, a human r ...

; as a member of the Register of Experts of the

United Nations Compensation Commission The United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC) was created in 1991 as a subsidiary organ of the United Nations Security Council. Its mandate was to process claims and pay compensation for losses and damage suffered as a direct result of Iraq's 1 ...

in Geneva (UNCC); and as a member of the Panel of Arbitrators of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes ( ICSID). Brower has been a visiting fellow at

Jesus College, Cambridge Jesus College is a Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Jesus College was established in 1496 on the site of the twelfth-century Benedictine nunnery of St Radegund's Priory, Cambridge, St ...

and a distinguished visiting professor at the

University of Virginia Law School The University of Virginia School of Law (Virginia Law) is the law school of the University of Virginia, a public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. Founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1819 as part of his "academical village", and now ...

References

External links

Biography of Brower
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brower, Charles N. Fellows of Jesus College, Cambridge University of Virginia School of Law faculty Living people Harvard Law School alumni Year of birth missing (living people) American judges of international courts and tribunals Presidents of the American Society of International Law Harvard College alumni