Charles Gilbert Chaddock (November 14, 1861 – July 20, 1936) was an American neurologist,

psychiatrist A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry, the branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, study, and treatment of mental disorders. Psychiatrists are physicians and evaluate patients to determine whether their sy ...

, and translator. He is remembered for describing the Chaddock reflex and is credited with the coinage of the terms ''

bisexuality Bisexuality is a romantic or sexual attraction or behavior toward both males and females, or to more than one gender. It may also be defined to include romantic or sexual attraction to people regardless of their sex or gender identity, whic ...

'', ''

heterosexuality Heterosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between people of the opposite sex or gender. As a sexual orientation, heterosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions" to ...

'', and '' homosexuality'' in the English language.

Biography

Charles Gilbert Chaddock was born on November 14, 1861 in Jonesville, Michigan. In 1885, he graduated from the University of Michigan College of Medicine and Surgery, then worked at the

North Michigan Asylum The Traverse City State Hospital of Traverse City, Michigan is a decommissioned psychiatric hospital that has been variously known as the Northern Michigan Asylum and the Traverse City Regional Psychiatric Hospital. It is the last Kirkbride Build ...

in Traverse City as a staff physician. From 1889 to 1890, Chaddock studied in Munich. On his return, he again worked at the Asylum, before, in 1892, becoming Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases at Marion-Sims College, which later became part of the Saint Louis University School of Medicine. He married Adelaide Gowans MacPherson in 1890. Baddock returned to Europe in 1897, spending most of the time as assistant to Joseph Babinski. On his return to the United States in 1899, Chaddock introduced American physicians to

Babinski's sign The plantar reflex is a reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. The reflex can take one of two forms. In healthy adults, the plantar reflex causes a downward response of the hallux ( flexion). An upward ...

, later publishing a translation of Babinski's work. Chaddock introduced his eponymous reflex in 1911, calling it the ''External Malleolar sign''. He also described an analogous sign in the upper limb. Chaddock died on July 20, 1936. He was interred by a Protestant reverend in Oakwood Cemetery, Allegan, Michigan.

Legacy

Chaddock is credited with the first use of the words ''

'' and '' homosexuality'' in the English language, as well as the first use of the word ''

'' in its sense of being sexually attracted to both women and men, in his translation of Richard von Krafft-Ebing's '' Psychopathia Sexualis'' in 1892. Prior to Von Krafft-Ebing's new use of the term, "bisexual" was usually used to refer to hermaphroditic plants, that is having both male and female reproductive structures, or to refer to mixed-sex situations such as schools.

References

External links

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Works by or about Charles Gilbert Chaddock
at the Online Books Page * {{DEFAULTSORT:Chaddock, Charles Gilbert 1861 births 1936 deaths 19th-century American physicians 19th-century American translators 20th-century American physicians 20th-century American translators American neurologists American psychiatrists People from Jonesville, Michigan Saint Louis University faculty University of Michigan Medical School alumni