Charles Crawford (27 December 1866 – 28 December 1945) was a

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

Army An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by ...

officer and an author. He served in the

Spanish–American War The Spanish–American War (April 21 – August 13, 1898) was fought between Restoration (Spain), Spain and the United States in 1898. It began with the sinking of the USS Maine (1889), USS ''Maine'' in Havana Harbor in Cuba, and resulted in the ...

, the Philippines and

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

Early life and education

Crawford was born in

Coshocton, Ohio Coshocton () is a city in Coshocton County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 11,050 at the 2020 census. It is located approximately east-northeast of Columbus. The Walhonding River and the Tuscarawas River meet ...

, to Thomas Crawford and Margaret Parkhill. In 1889, Crawford graduated 41st in a class of 49 from the

United States Military Academy The United States Military Academy (USMA), commonly known as West Point, is a United States service academies, United States service academy in West Point, New York that educates cadets for service as Officer_(armed_forces)#United_States, comm ...

, where he was a classmate of future army generals such as George L. Irwin, Charles D. Rhodes, William G. Haan,

Clement Flagler Clement Alexander Finley Flagler (August 17, 1867 – May 7, 1922) was a United States Army Major General who was noteworthy as regimental, brigade and division commander in World War I. The son of Daniel Webster Flagler and grandson of Cleme ...

William Lassiter William Lassiter (September 29, 1867 – March 29, 1959) was a career officer in the United States Army. He was a veteran of the Spanish–American War, occupation of Veracruz, World War I, and the occupation of the Rhineland and attained the rank ...

, Edward McGlachlin Jr. and William S. Graves. Later, he graduated from the Army War College in 1912.

Military career

Crawford served as a second lieutenant in the 10th Infantry on the United States frontier between 1889 and 1895, which included military police duty in

Oklahoma City Oklahoma City (), officially the City of Oklahoma City, and often shortened to OKC, is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in Oklahoma, most populous city of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The county seat ...

until 1890 and assisting the U.S. Commission in dealings with American Indian tribes; between 1891 and 1892 he organized an Apache Indian Company in the 10th Infantry. During the Spanish–American War he participated in the

Battle of San Juan Hill The Battle of San Juan Hill (), also known as the Battle for the San Juan Heights, was a major battle of the Spanish–American War fought between an American force under the command of William Rufus Shafter and Joseph Wheeler against a Span ...

(1898) and was later commended for his bravery. Between 1903 and 1907 he taught at

Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Fort Leavenworth () is a United States Army installation located in Leavenworth County, Kansas, in the city of Leavenworth, Kansas, Leavenworth. Built in 1827, it is the second oldest active United States Army post west of Washington, D.C., an ...

, in the Infantry and Cavalry School and the Army Staff College. Crawford also served in the Philippines a number of times, first between 1890 and 1902 and again between 1909 and 1911. From 1913 to 1916 Crawford served on the General Staff of the U.S. Army, after which he was in

Panama Canal Zone The Panama Canal Zone (), also known as just the Canal Zone, was a International zone#Concessions, concession of the United States located in the Isthmus of Panama that existed from 1903 to 1979. It consisted of the Panama Canal and an area gene ...

until 1917. During World War I, Crawford served with the

American Expeditionary Force The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) was a formation of the United States Armed Forces on the Western Front (World War I), Western Front during World War I, composed mostly of units from the United States Army, U.S. Army. The AEF was establis ...

as a brigadier general of the National Army. There he commanded the 6th Infantry Brigade, 3rd Infantry Division, during the Second Battle of the Marne. In 1919, Crawford retired owing to disabilities.

Personal life and death

Crawford lived in

Paola, Kansas Paola is a city in and the county seat of Miami County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 5,768. History Native Americans, then Spanish explorers such as Francisco Vásquez de Coronado in 1541, ...

, and died on 28 December 1945 in an automobile accident. He was buried in Paola. He was a

Presbyterian Presbyterianism is a historically Reformed Protestant tradition named for its form of church government by representative assemblies of elders, known as "presbyters". Though other Reformed churches are structurally similar, the word ''Pr ...

and married to E. M. Miller (d. 1919); they had no children. Crawford was also an author of two books: and ''Restarting Economic Theory''.

References

External links

Six Months with the Sixth Brigade at archive.org
{{DEFAULTSORT:Crawford, Charles United States Army generals of World War I American military personnel of the Spanish–American War 1866 births 1945 deaths 20th-century American writers American non-fiction writers United States Army War College alumni United States Military Academy alumni People from Coshocton, Ohio Military personnel from Ohio United States Army generals 19th-century United States Army personnel