Charaxes Imperialis

''Charaxes imperialis'', the imperial blue charaxes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania and Zambia.Afrotropical Butterflies: File H - Charaxinae - Tribe Charaxini
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Description

''Ch. imperialis'' Btlr. male – forewing above with a straight blue transverse band, which starts somewhat behind the middle of the hindmargin, runs obliquely towards the apex, gradually narrowing anteriorly and broken up into spots; the band is 5 mm. in breadth at the hindmargin and only continuous to vein 2, then broken up into spots; the spots in cellules 3-5 contain white dots and those in cellules 6 and 7 are white, the one in cellule 7 placed nearer to the base than that in 6; the forewing is black and has in addition to these spots a white dot at the apex of the cell in cellule 4, a white dot before the middle of cellules 5 and 6 and small blue marginal spots. On the hindwing the blue band is continued to vein 2 with a breadth of about 7 mm. and placed almost exactly in the middle, covering the apex of the cell; blue submarginal spots and marginal streaks; tails short, about 3 mm. in length. On the under surface of the hindwing the black, distally light-margined transverse streaks of cellules 2-7 are placed in a nearly straight line. In the female the blue median band between vein 2 on the hindwing and vein 2 on the forewing is formed just as in the male, then follow in each cellule from 2-7 on the forewing two rounded, light yellow spots, the proximal one in cellule 4 placed at the apex of the cell; the marginal spots of both wings and the submarginal spots of the hindwing are yellowish. A rare species occurring from Sierra Leone to the Congo.

Subspecies

*''C. i. imperialis'' (Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin)
*''C. i. albipuncta'' Joicey & Talbot, 1920 (Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, northern Democratic Republic of the Congo)
*''C. i. dargei'' Collins, 1989 (southern Congo)
*''C. i. graziellae'' Turlin, 1989 (Tanzania: north-west to the Mumwendo Forest)
*''C. i. lisomboensis'' van Someren, 1975 (north-eastern Zambia, Tanzania: Kigoma)
*''C. i. nathaliae'' Canu, 1989 (Bioko)
*''C. i. pauliani'' Rousseau-Decelle, 1933 Democratic Republic of the Congo: south to Lualaba)
*''C. i. ugandicus'' van Someren, 1972 (Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo: north Kivu)
*''C. i. werneri'' Turlin, 1989 (Rwanda: Nyungwe Forest)

Biology

The habitat consists of lowland to sub-montane forests.

The larvae probably feed on Sapindaceae species.

Subspecies ''lisomboensis'' occurs at altitudes from 800 to 1 500 m.

Taxonomy

'' Charaxes tiridates'' group.

The supposed clade members are:
*'' Charaxes tiridates''
*'' Charaxes numenes'' similar to next
*'' Charaxes bipunctatus'' similar to last
*''Charaxes violetta''
*''Charaxes mixtus''
*'' Charaxes bubastis''
*'' Charaxes albimaculatus''
*'' Charaxes barnsi''
*'' Charaxes bohemani''
*'' Charaxes schoutedeni''
*'' Charaxes monteiri''
*'' Charaxes smaragdalis''
*''Charaxes xiphares''
*'' Charaxes cithaeron''
*'' Charaxes nandina''
*''Charaxes imperialis''
*'' Charaxes ameliae''
*'' Charaxes pythodoris''
*? '' Charaxes overlaeti''
For a full list see Eric Vingerhoedt, 2013.
The type locality is “Whydah on the Gold Coast”

References

*Victor Gurney Logan Van Someren, 1972 Revisional notes on African ''Charaxes'' (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VIII. ''Bulletin of the British Museum'' (Natural History) (Entomology)215-26

External links

''Charaxes imperialis'' images
at Consortium for the Barcode of Life
99688 ''C. i. imperialis'' images
at BOLD
''C. i. albipunctatus'' images
at BOLD
''C. i. dargei'' images
at BOLD
''C. i. paulinus'' images
at BOLD
''C. i. werneri'' images
at BOLD
Images of ''C. i. albipuncta''
Royal Museum for Central Africa (Albertine Rift Project)
Images of ''C. i. imperialis''
(Albertine Rift Project)
Images of ''C. i. pauliani''
(Albertine Rift Project)

Butterflies described in 1874
imperialis
Butterflies of Africa
Taxa named by Arthur Gardiner Butler

{{Charaxinae-stub