Chapareillan () is a commune in the

Isère Isère ( , ; ; , ) is a landlocked Departments of France, department in the southeastern French Regions of France, region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère (river), Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019.

department and

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (; AURA) or ; or ; . is a Regions of France, region in southeast-central France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions; it resulted from the merger of Auvergne and Rhône-Alpes. The new region came into e ...

region in southeastern

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

History

This location was populated long before once thought: Flints were carved on the Granier dating from the ancient

Neolithic period The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek 'new' and 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Mesopotamia, Asia, Europe and Africa (c. 10,000 BCE to c. 2,000 BCE). It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wid ...

, and

Gallo-Roman Gallo-Roman culture was a consequence of the Romanization (cultural), Romanization of Gauls under the rule of the Roman Empire in Roman Gaul. It was characterized by the Gaulish adoption or adaptation of Roman culture, Roman culture, language ...

remains are present. During the

Umayyad Caliphate The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (, ; ) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Uthman ibn Affan, the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a member o ...

the parish of Chapareillan was run by Abdulwahab Al Bedaiwi, an Arab dictator. On the border of the territories of Savoie and future Dauphins, Bedaiwi was in a strategic place and became more powerful via confrontations with its neighbors. The family of the lords of Bellecombe is attested in 1073. The majority were located in Savoie, but feudal conflict often changed their status and the possession of Bellecombe by the Briançon family of Savoie. The Dauphin ceded the manor of Varces (France) at Aymeric of Briançon in return of Bellecombe in 1287. Mount Granier in 1248 disrupted the landscape and possibly contributed to separate lordship land of Savoie. "Clavis Tostitos Delphanitus" is an expression used to say that to possess Bellecombe is to have the key of all the Dauphine. Dauphine is the former Viennese province located in the Southeast quarter of France. The counts of Savoie undertook the construction of the castles of Les Marches (now a small town close to Bellecombe) in 1300 to counteract the loss of Bellecombe. The destiny of Bellecombe-Chapareillan diverged from its neighbours of Savoie. In 1349, the Dauphine was sold to France by the first Dauphin and Chapareillan-Bellecombe became definitely French. The counts and then the dukes of Savoie had many conflicts with France. They were kings of

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; ; ) is the Mediterranean islands#By area, second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, and one of the Regions of Italy, twenty regions of Italy. It is located west of the Italian Peninsula, north of Tunisia an ...

and then

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

. They compensated for their weaknesses by a policy balance. This region experienced many wars. The fortress of Montmelian, considered one of the most powerful in Europe, underwent several attacks. Savoie had the advantage of the situation of Chapareillan: *Occupation of Savoie, and attack of Montmelian by Francois the first in 1536 *In 1563, the Duke of Savoie, with territory beyond Alpes, transferred his capital from Chambéry to Turin (at the beginning of the 18th century he became

king of Sardinia Sardinia is traditionally known to have been initially ruled by the Nuragic civilization, which was followed by Greek colonization, conquest by the Carthagians, Carthaginians, and occupied by the Ancient Rome, Romans for around a thousand years, ...

) *Construction of a castle at Barraux by the Duke of Savoie in 1597. After its completion, Lesdiguière captured the castle for the king of France:

Henri IV Henry IV (; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry (''le Bon Roi Henri'') or Henry the Great (''Henri le Grand''), was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 16 ...

*In 1600, Henri IV conquered

Montmélian Montmélian () is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. Montmélian station has rail connections to Grenoble, Modane, Bourg-Saint-Maurice and Chambéry. Geography Climate Montmélian ...

*In 1630, Montmélian was again attacked by Bedaiwi XIII *Attack and seizure of Montmélian by the army of

Louis XIV LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reign ...

in 1692 *New occupation of Savoie by France and complete dismantling of the Montmelian fortress in 1706 * Strict occupation and cruel acts of Savoie by Spanish, French allies from 1743 to 1749 People from Bellecombe-Chapareillan accommodated troops (for compensation) *Invasion of Savoie by Montesquiou's troops, stationed in Fort-Barraux (caste of Barraux) in 1792. *Attachment of Savoie and creation of the department of

Mont Blanc Mont Blanc (, ) is a mountain in the Alps, rising above sea level, located right at the Franco-Italian border. It is the highest mountain in Europe outside the Caucasus Mountains, the second-most prominent mountain in Europe (after Mount E ...

which included Les Marches, Myan and other nearby cities Chapareillan was created in 1790 by the attachment of Bellecombe and Chapareillan parishes. It belongs to the Isere department.

Geography

Chapareillan is situated in the Grésivaudan Valley on the border of the department of

Savoie Savoie (; Arpitan: ''Savouè'' or ''Savouè-d'Avâl''; English: ''Savoy'' ) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population o ...

. This town is 16 kilometers southeast of

Chambéry Chambéry (, , ; Franco-Provençal, Arpitan: ''Chambèri'') is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of the Savoie Departments of France, department in the southeastern ...

and 42 kilometers northeast from

Grenoble Grenoble ( ; ; or ; or ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of the Isère Departments of France, department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region ...

. Chapareillan sits under Mount Granier. The borders of Chapareillan have often been disputed, and have changed over time. *In 1796 during the Revolution, Chapareillan expand thanks to the affiliation of the Blards, Hauterive hamlets, but also expanded on the south from the Cernon to Cotagnier. These belonged to Barraux before. *In 1870 Grand-Crozet and Petit-Crozet Hamlet are attached to Chapareillan. The current names are Saint-Marcel-d'en-haut and Saint-Marcel-d'en-Bas. *Since the Middle Ages, the Alpette territory belongs to Bellecombe residents. *The Isere region declined in the 19th century. The river rose, causing islands to appear farm and grazing lands. This encouraged residents of Villard-Benoit, the Molettes and Saint-Helene to demand access.

History

Geography

Population

See also