Chaophraya Surasak () is a city in Chonburi Province,

Thailand Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...

. It was established as a sanitary district in 1967. In 1999, all sanitary districts were upgraded to subdistrict municipalities (''

thesaban tambon Thesaban (, , , Pali, Pali: desapāla (protector of region) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesa ...

''). In 2013 it was upgraded to a city municipality (''

thesaban nakhon Thesaban (, , , Pali: desapāla (protector of region) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesaban'' ...

''). As of 2022, it has a population of 153,687. The city covers parts of five subdistricts (''

tambon ''Tambon'' (, ) is a local governmental unit in Thailand. Below district (''amphoe'') and province ('' changwat''), they form the third administrative subdivision level. there were 7,255 tambons, not including the 180 ''khwaeng'' of Bangkok, whi ...

'') of Si Racha District, the ninth-largest urban city area in Thailand. The city is named after

Chaophraya Surasakmontri Chaophraya Surasakmontri (28 March 1851 – 1 July 1931), born as Choem Saeng-chuto, was a Thai field marshal, nobleman, and businessman. He was best known in Haw wars campaign. He served as Commander of the Department of the Army from 1890 to ...

History

Originally named Ao Udom became a sanitation (''Sukhaphiban'') on 12 December 1967, which covered parts of subdistricts Thung Sukhla and Surasak, Si Racha district, Chonburi province. Later on 6 October 1970 it was enlarged with subdistrict Nong Kham, Bueng district and area of subdistrict Thung Sukhla. On 24 December 1991 the area has been enlarged again and contains five subdistricts, Surasak, Nong Kham, Bueng, Bo Win and Kha Khan Song. The sanitation changed to subdistrict municipality (''

'') on 24 February 1999, effectively on 25 May 1999. The name changed to ''Chaophraya Surasak subdistrict municipality'' on 23 July 2002. The status was upgraded to ''Chaophraya Surasak city municipality'' (''

'') on 9 April 2013, effectively on 1 May 2013, while the total area was reduced from .

Geography

Location

Chaophraya Surasak city municipality (''

'') with a total area of 276.98 km² is located on the east coast of

Gulf of Thailand The Gulf of Thailand (), historically known as the Gulf of Siam (), is a shallow inlet adjacent to the southwestern South China Sea, bounded between the southwestern shores of the Indochinese Peninsula and the northern half of the Malay Peninsula. ...

. It is about 40 kilometers from

Chonburi Chonburi (, , IAST: , ) is the capital of Chonburi Province and, as part of the district Mueang Chonburi District, Mueang Chonburi, the List of municipalities in Thailand, seventh-largest city in Thailand. It is about 100 km southeast of Ba ...

and 120 kilometers from

Bangkok Bangkok, officially known in Thai language, Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estim ...

. Chaophraya Surasak borders to the north: subdistricts (''tambon'') Bang Phra and Nong Kham, Faris Setiyo (Fly with Bird) district (''amphoe'') Si Racha, province Chonburi, east: subdistrict Khlon Kio, district Ban Bueng and subdistricts Khao Khan Song and Bo Win, district Si Racha, province Chonburi, south: subdistrict Takhian Tia, district Bang Lamung, province Chonburi, west:

Laem Chabang Laem Chabang (, ) is a port city municipality (''thesaban nakhon'') in Si Racha and Bang Lamung districts of Chonburi Province, Thailand. It includes Thung Sukhla subdistrict (''tambon'') and parts of subdistricts Bueng, Nong Kham and Surasak o ...

city municipality and

Si Racha Si Racha (, ) is a subdistrict and town in Thailand on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand, about southeast of Bangkok in Si Racha district, Chonburi province. The town is the center of the Si Racha district, the ninth-largest urban ci ...

town municipality (''

thesaban mueang Thesaban (, , , Pali: desapāla (protector of region) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesaban'' ...

''), district Si Racha, province Chonburi and the

Bay of Bangkok The Bay of Bangkok (, , , sometimes informally อ่าวตัว ก), also known as the Bight of Bangkok, is the northernmost part of the Gulf of Thailand, roughly extending from Hua Hin District to the west and Sattahip District to the e ...

Topography

In the east of the Chaophraya Surasak municipality is the Khao Khiao mountain range. The foothills alternate with plains to the sea.

Wildlife Sanctuary

There is one wildlife sanctuary in Khao Khan Song subdistrict: Khao Khiao - Khao Chomphu Wildlife Sanctuary, 145 km² (56 sq.mi.)

Climate

Chaophraya Surasak city has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification category Aw). Winters are dry and warm. Temperatures rise until May. Mansoon season runs from May through October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. Weather station Laem Chabang, climate data from 1981 to 2010: The maximum temperature is 39.0 °C (102.2 °F) in January and the minimum temperature is 14.0 °C (57.2 °F) in December. The maximum average temperature is 33.3 °C (91.9 °F) in April and the minimum average temperature is 22.0 °C (71.6 °F) in December. Annual rainfall is 1,151 millimeter (45.3 inch) and in January was for 24 hour the rainfall 176.5 millimeter (7 inch).

Water resources

There are three water reservoirs: * Huai Nong Kho, capacity 21,400,000 cub.m. * Huai Saphan, capacity 7,650,000 cub.m. * Huai Nong Klang Dong, capacity 3,840,00 cub.m. Further there is natural stream Huai Lam, consisting of 20 natural places.

Administration

The administration of Chaophraya Surasak city municipality is responsible for an area that covers and consists of five subdistricts, 29 villages (''

muban Muban (; , ) is the lowest Administrative divisions of Thailand, administrative sub-division of Thailand. Usually translated as 'village' and sometimes as 'hamlet (place), hamlet', they are a subdivision of a tambon (subdistrict). , there were 74 ...

''), 46 communities (''chumchon''), 153,687 people in 107,539 households.

Religion

As of 2019 95% of the population in Chaophraya Surasak city municipality self-identified as ''

Buddhists Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE. It is the world's fourth ...

'' of the

Theravada Buddhism ''Theravāda'' (; 'School of the Elders'; ) is Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school's adherents, termed ''Theravādins'' ( anglicized from Pali ''theravādī''), have preserved their version of the Buddha's teaching or '' Dhamma'' in ...

. There are 32 temples (''

wat A wat (, ; , ; , ; ; , ) is a type of Buddhist and Hindu temple in Cambodia, Laos, East Shan State (Myanmar), Yunnan (China), the Southern Province of Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Etymology The word ''wat'' is borrowed from the Sanskrit ''v ...

'') and seven "samnak song", temples who are not official registered. ''

Muslims Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

'' comprising 2% of the population with three

mosque A mosque ( ), also called a masjid ( ), is a place of worship for Muslims. The term usually refers to a covered building, but can be any place where Salah, Islamic prayers are performed; such as an outdoor courtyard. Originally, mosques were si ...

s. ''

Christians A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words '' Christ'' and ''C ...

'' represent also 2% of the population with three churches. The remaining 1% of the population are followers of other religions.

Logo

The city logo shows a freight train, which symbolizes industry, buildings that characterize urbanization, pineapples are a reference to agriculture and the mountains in the background pointing to the Khao Khiao mountain range.

Infrastructure

Education

There are eight early childhood (Kindergarten) schools and 20 schools for basic education: 10 schools with primary 1 to secondary 3 level and 10 schools with primary 1 to secondary 6 level. The city has no vocational or tertiary education.

Health

There are eight health promoting hospitals; Surasak 1, Bueng 2, Nong Kham 2, Bo Win 1, Khao Khan Song 2.
Further Khao Khan Song has one health center (Chaloem Phra Kiat).

Transportation

There are four major roads in the city: * Motorway 7 Bangkok - Pattaya - Map Ta Phut * National highway no.3 (Sukhumvit road) Bangkok - Trat * Highway no.331 Sattahip (Chonburi province) - Phanom Sarakham (Chachoengsao province) * National route no.3241 connects highway no.331 with Sukhumvit road Nong Kham Interchange in motorway 7 is part of the objectives to solve traffic jams to and from the port of Laem Chabang.
In the city, traffic jams will form on most roads due to traveling to and from schools and in the evening due to the number of flea markets on different roads.

Waterworks

"Si Racha District Waterworks Office" produced 47,000 cub.m./day tapwater, which is used by 30,100 households or 30% of the total area in the municipality.
"Laem Chabang Waterworks Office" produced 59,140 cub.m/day tapwater, which is used by 36,400 households or 13% of the total area in the municipality.
The conclusion is: 38% of the households (41,039) or 57% of the total area in the municipality do not used tapwater.

Economy

The total area of agricultural land is 76,610 rai ~ , which accounts for about 44% of the total area in the municipality. The farming mostly delivers tapioca, pineapple, dragon fruit. Animal husbandry consists of seven pig farms and 37 chicken farms. Sriracha Tiger Zoo with an area of 40 ha (100 acres) is in Nong Kham subdistrict. Tourism revenue is 110 million Baht/year. The total number of factories is 214, many of which are concentrated in four "Industrial Estates": * Pinthong Industrial Estate 1 - 160 ha (400 acres) * Pinthong Industrial Estate 2 - 120 ha (300 acres) * Pinthong Industrial Estate 3 - 160 ha (400 acres) * Bo Win Industrial Estate - 540 ha (1330 acres)

References

External links

* {{Authority control Populated places in Chonburi province