Chakravakam or Chakravaham (pronounced chakravākam) is a

rāga A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...

m in

Carnatic music Carnatic music (known as or in the Dravidian languages) is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and southern Odisha. It is o ...

(musical scale in South Indian classical music). It is the 16th ''

Melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales ( ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A ''melaka ...

m (parent rāgam) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. According to the

Muthuswami Dikshitar Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar) (, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer, veena player, and a prolific composer of Indian classical music. He was the youngest member of what is re ...

school, this rāgam is called Tōyavēgavāhini.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications Chakravakam is similar to Raga ''

Ahir bhairav Ahir Bhairav is a Hindustani classical ''raga''. It is a mixture of Bhairav and the ancient, rare ''raga'' Ahiri or Abhiri,Bor 1999 or perhaps a mixture of Bhairav and Bageshree. Theory Arohana and avarohana Arohana: Avarohana: Key: ...

'' in

Hindustani music Hindustani classical music is the Indian classical music, classical music of the Indian subcontinent's northern regions. It may also be called North Indian classical music or ''Uttar Bhartiya shastriya sangeet''. The term ''shastriya sangeet'' ...

.''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras ''Chakravakam'' is a raga that is known to incite feelings of devotion, sympathy and compassion in the listeners.

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 4th ''melakarta'' in the 3rd ''chakra- Agni''. The mnemonic name is ''Agni-Bhu''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gu ma pa dhi ni''. Its structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see '' swaras in Carnatic music'' for details on below notation and terms): * : * : The notes in this scale are ''shadjam, shuddha rishabham, anthara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham'' and ''kaisiki nishadham''. It is a ''sampoorna'' rāgam - rāgam having all 7

swara Swara () or svara is an Indian classical music term that connotes simultaneously a breath, a vowel, a note, the sound of a musical note corresponding to its name, and the successive steps of the octave, or ''saptanka''. More comprehensively ...

ms. It is the ''suddha madhyamam'' equivalent of ''

Ramapriya Ramapriya (pronounced rāmapriya) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 52nd ''melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' scale system of Carnatic music. It is called Ramāmanōhari ...

'', which is the 52nd ''melakarta''. Chakravakam is different from Mayamalavagowla in some ways, while playing. The Ri Ga ma notes are played a bit flatter than Mayamalavagowla, making it sound more restrained than Mayamalavagowla. The Da and Ni are played somewhat like Hari Kambhoji, giving the overall tune, to be restrained and devotional essence

Asampurna Melakarta

Tōyavēgavāhini is the 16th ''Melakarta'' in the original list compiled by

Venkatamakhin Venkatamakhin (; ) or Venkatamakhi, was an Indian poet, musician, and musicologist of Carnatic music. He is renowned for his ''Chaturdandiprakashika'' in which he explicates the Melakarta (asampurna scheme), melakarta system of classifying rag ...

. The notes used in the scale are the same and the ascending scale and descending scale are same.Shree Muthuswami Dikshitar Keerthanaigal, by A Sundaram Iyer, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai

Janya rāgams

''Chakravakam'' has quite a few ''

janya ''Janya'' is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a ''janya raga'' is one derived from one of the 72 '' melakarta'' ragas (fundamental melodic structures). ''Janya'' ragas are classified into various types based on a vari ...

'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which ''Bindumalini'', '' Malayamarutam'' and '' Valaji'' are popular. See List of ''Janya'' Ragas for a full list of its ''janyas''.

Popular Compositions

''Etula Brotuvo Teliya'' and ''Sugunamule'' by

Thyagaraja Sadguru Tyagaraja Swami ( Telugu: సద్గురు త్యాగరాజ స్వామి; 4 May 1767 – 6 January 1847), also known as Tyagayya, and in full as Kakarla Tyagabrahmam ( Telugu: కాకర్ల త్యాగబ ...

''Kānakkankoti Vendum'' by

Koteeswara Iyer Koteeswara Iyer (1869 - 1938), was a pioneer composer of Indian classical music Carnatic music. He was a grandson of Kavi Kunjara Bharati(1810–1896) attributing to a strong lineage of accomplished musicians. He was born in Nandhanur to Nagarat ...

''Gajānanayutham'', ''Vinayaka Vighna Nashaka'', ''Veena Pusthaka Dharinim'' and ''Varahim Vaishnavim'' by

''Mullu Koneya Mele'' By

Purandara Dasa Purandara Dasa (IAST: Purandara Dāsa; (1470 – 1564) was a composer, singer and a Haridasa philosopher from present-day Karnataka, India. He was a follower of Madhwacharya, Madhvacharya's Dwaitha, Dvaita philosophy. He was one of the chi ...

''Kada Beladingalu'' By

Sripadaraja Sripadaraja (; ) or Sripadaraya, also known by his pontifical name Lakshminarayana Tirtha, was a Hindu Dvaita philosopher, scholar and composer and the pontiff of the Madhvacharya mutt at Mulbagal. He is widely considered the founder of Har ...

''Sarojanabha'' by Maharaja

Swathi Thirunal Sri Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma III (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He was a great musician and composer who has to his credit over 400 classical compositions in both Carnatic and Hindustani st ...

''Sri Amruta Phalāmbike'' by

Kalyani Varadarajan Kalyani Varadarajan (8 October 1923 – 28 October 2003), commonly known as Kalyani, was one of Carnatic music's famous twentieth-century composers. She created carnatic compositions in all 72 melakarta ragas, besides scores of janya ragas. Ear ...

''Pibare Ramarasam (version by

Balamuralikrishna Mangalampalli Balamuralikrishna (né Muralikrishna; 6 July 1930 – 22 November 2016) was an Indian Carnatic vocalist, musician, multi-instrumentalist, playback singer, composer, and character actor. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sang ...

) by Sadashiva Brahmendra'' ''Chandrashekharendra Saraswathi Mānasa Bhajarē'' by ''P. K. Rajagopala Iyer'' ''Jathiswaram'' by K. N. Dhandayudapani Pillai

Film Songs

"Albela Sajan" from "Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam" (Hindi), "Poochho Na Kaise Maine Rain Bitai" from "Meri Surat Teri Ankhen" (Hindi) and "Raakkili Than" from "Perumazhakalam" (Malayalam).

Language:
Tamil Tamil may refer to: People, culture and language * Tamils, an ethno-linguistic group native to India, Sri Lanka, and some other parts of Asia Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka Myanmar or Burmese Tamils, Tamil people of Ind ...

Janya:Rasikaranjani Ragam

Album

Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam. ''Chakravakam's'' notes when shifted using ''

Graha bhedam ''Graha Bhedam'' in Carnatic music is the process (or result of the process) of shifting the Tonic (music), Tonic note (''Śruti (music), śruti'') to another note in the rāgam and arriving at a different rāgam. Its equivalent in Hindustani cl ...

'', yields 2 other major ''melakarta'' rāgams, namely, ''

Sarasangi Sarasangi (pronounced sarasāngi) is a ragam in Carnatic music Carnatic music (known as or in the Dravidian languages) is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Ka ...

'' and ''

Dharmavati Dharmavati is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 59th ''Melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called ''Dhaamavati'' in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of ...

''. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the Shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For an illustration refer '' Graha bhedam on Dharmavati''.

Notes

References

External links

Carnatic musician Charulatha Mani describes Chakravakam (Tamil)Carnatic violinist Aishu Venkataraman performs Chakravakam
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chakravakam (Raga) Melakarta ragas