''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine

plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are called plankters. In the ocean, they provide a cr ...

ic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaetoceros'' species. Several attempts have been made to restructure this large genus into subgenera and this work is still in progress.Tomas, C. R., Hasle G. R., Syvertsen, E. E., Steidinger, K. A., Tangen, K., Throndsen, J., Heimdal, B. R., (1997). ''Identifying Marine Phytoplankton'', Academic Press.Rines J. E. B., Theriot E. C., (2003). ''Systematics of Chaetocerotaceae (Bacillariophyceae). I. A phylogenetic analysis of the family'', Phycological research 51: 83–98. However, most of the effort to describe species has been focused in boreal areas, and the genus is cosmopolitan, so there are probably many tropical species still undescribed.J.E.B. Rines, P. Boonruang and E.C. Theriot., (2000).'' Chaetoceros phuketensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae): a new species from the Andaman Sea''. Phycological Research 48 (3): 161–168. Some species are known from the fossil record, from the Quaternary of Sweden. It is the type genus of its family.

Description

The genus ''Chaetoceros'' were first described by Ehrenberg in 1844.
Cells are more or less rectangular in girdle view.
Cells are usually elliptical in valve view.
Opposite

setae In biology, setae (singular seta ; from the Latin word for " bristle") are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms. Animal setae Protostomes Annelid setae are stiff bristles present on the body. ...

of adjacent cells touch near their origin. Each

frustule A frustule is the hard and porous cell wall or external layer of diatoms. The frustule is composed almost purely of silica, made from silicic acid, and is coated with a layer of organic substance, which was referred to in the early literature on ...

has four siliceous processes called mushrooms or thorns that allow them to stay together forming colonies. ''Chaetoceros'' is primarily a marine genus, but there are also accounts of species within inland waters of the United States. It is a type of centric diatom that contains a frustrule or cell wall composed of silica that contain long, thin spines (setae). The spines connect the frustules together creating a colony of cells.Spaulding, S., and Edlund, M. (2008). Chaetoceros. In Diatoms of the United States. Retrieved October 19, 2017, from http://westerndiatoms.colorado.edu/taxa/genus/Chaetoceros Cells colonies can form chains that are coiled, straight, or curved. Cell size can range from <10 um to 50 um.

Environmental ranges

Depth range (m): 0–470
Temperature range (°C): -1.952–29.468
Nitrate (μmol L-1): 0.053 - 34.037
Salinity: 18.564 - 37.775
Oxygen (mL L-1): 4.139 - 9.192
Phosphate (μmol L-1): 0.046 - 2.358
Silicate (μmol L-1): 0.648 - 92.735

Beneficial effects

Due to its high growth rates, research has been conducted to potentially use of ''Chaetoceros'' in biotechnology. Some ''Chaetoceros'' species are well-established commercial aquacultures. Many of them are recognized as generally good producers of useful lipids and other biologically active products with high value-added. They have enormous potential for producing nutraceuticals and biofuel. Studies suggest that colonies of ''Chaetoceros'' serve as an important food source within the water column and major carbon contributor to the benthic environment. Within the North Water, located in northern Baffin Bay, ''Chaetoceros'' has been reported to contribute about 91% of total phytoplankton cells serving as an important primary producer within this area. Therefore, contributing to oxygen production in the North Water. Overall,

phytoplankton Phytoplankton () are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems. The name comes from the Greek words (), meaning 'plant', and (), meaning 'wanderer' or 'drifter'. P ...

contributes to over half of Earth's oxygen production.

Blooms

''Chaetoceros'' blooms have been reported to reach concentrations of 30,100 cells/ml and can persist for multiple months. Blooms are able to persist because individuals can survive at low nutrient levels. When present in large quantities, species with larger, thicker spines can damage organisms' gills.Kraberg, A., Baumann, M. and Durselen, C. D. 2010. Coastal Phytoplankton: Photo Guide for Northern European Seas. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munchen, Germany. 204. Although, this defensive trait can help the species avoid predation and further promote bloom success. Overall, intensive development of the species of the genus ''Chaetoceros'' in the Arctic Ocean has a significant impact on the biogeochemical cycle of organic carbon and silicon, as well as on a wide range of macronutrients, trace and rare earth elements.

Some currently accepted ''Chaetoceros'' species

*''

Chaetoceros abnormis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' A.I. Proshkina-Lavrenko *''

Chaetoceros aculeatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' I.V. Makarova *''

Chaetoceros adelianus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' E.E. Manguin *'' Chaetoceros aduncus'' I.N. Sukhanova * ''Chaetoceros aequatorialis'' var. ''antarcticus'' Manguin *'' Chaetoceros aequatorialis'' Cleve * ''Chaetoceros affinis'' f. ''pseudosymmetricus'' (E. Steemann Nielsen) M. Torrington-Smith * ''Chaetoceros affinis'' f. ''parallelus'' M. Thorrington-Smith * ''Chaetoceros affinis'' f. ''inaequalis'' M. Thorrington-Smith *''

Chaetoceros affinis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Lauder *''

Chaetoceros amanita ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' A. Cleve-Euler *''

Chaetoceros anastomosans ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Grunow *''

Chaetoceros angularis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Schütt *''

Chaetoceros angulatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt * ''Chaetoceros anostomosans'' var. ''speciosus'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros armatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' T. West *''

Chaetoceros astrabadicus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel * ''Chaetoceros atlanticus'' var. ''compactus'' (F. Schütt) P.T. Cleve * ''Chaetoceros atlanticus'' var. ''neapolitanus'' (Schroeder) Hustedt * ''Chaetoceros atlanticus'' var. ''tumescens'' A. Grunow *''

Chaetoceros atlanticus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve * ''Chaetoceros atlanticus'' f. ''audax'' (F. Schütt) H.H. Gran * ''Chaetoceros atlanticus'' var. ''cruciatus'' (G. Karsten) M. Thorrington-Smith *''

Chaetoceros audax ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros bacteriastrius ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' G.C. Wallich * ''Chaetoceros bacteriastroides'' f. ''imbricatus'' (L.A. Mangin) M. Thorrington-Smith *''

Chaetoceros bacteriastroides ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' G.H.H. Karsten *''

Chaetoceros bermejense ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' D. U. Hernández-Becerril *''

Chaetoceros bisetaceus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J. Schumann *'' Chaetoceros borealis'' J.W. Bailey *''

Chaetoceros borealoides ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' H.L. Honigmann *'' Chaetoceros breve'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros brevis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Schütt *''

Chaetoceros brussilowi ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *'' Chaetoceros buceros'' G.H.H. Karsten *'' Chaetoceros buceros'' Karsten *''

Chaetoceros bulbosus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' (Ehrenberg) Heiden * ''Chaetoceros bulbosus'' f. ''cruciatus'' (G. Karsten) H. Heiden * ''Chaetoceros bulbosus'' f. ''schimperana'' (G. Karsten) H. Heiden *''

Chaetoceros bungei ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Honigmann *''

Chaetoceros calcitrans ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' (Paulsen) Takano, 1968 (or synonym of

Chaetoceros simplex var. calcitrans ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Paulsen, 1905) ** ''Chaetoceros calcitrans'' f. ''pumilus'' Takano *'' Chaetoceros californicus'' A. Grunow *''

Chaetoceros capense ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' G.H.H. Karsten *'' Chaetoceros caspicus'' C.E.H. Ostenfeld * ''Chaetoceros caspicus'' var. ''karianus'' A. Henckel * ''Chaetoceros caspicus'' f. ''pinguichaetus'' A. Henckel & P. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros castracanei ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Karsten *''

'' G.H.H. Karsten * ''Chaetoceros ceratospermus'' var. ''minor'' A.F. Meunier * ''Chaetoceros ceratosporus'' var. ''brachysetus'' Rines & Hargraves *'' Chaetoceros ceratosporus'' Ostenfeld *''

Chaetoceros chunii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' G.H.H. Karsten *'' Chaetoceros cinctus'' Gran *''

Chaetoceros clavigera ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' C.E.H. Ostenfeld *''

Chaetoceros clavigerus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Grunow *''

Chaetoceros clevei ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' F. Schütt *'' Chaetoceros coarctatus'' Lauder *''

Chaetoceros cochleus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *'' Chaetoceros compactus'' F. Schütt * ''Chaetoceros compressus'' var. ''gracilis'' F. Hustedt * ''Chaetoceros compressus'' var. ''hirtisetus'' J.E.B. Rines & P.E. Hargraves *''

Chaetoceros concavicorne ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Mangin *''

Chaetoceros confervoides ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J. Ralfs *''

Chaetoceros confusus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' S.L. VanLandingham *''

Chaetoceros constrictus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Gran *''

Chaetoceros convolutus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Castracane * ''Chaetoceros convolutus'' f. ''trisetosus'' Brunel * ''Chaetoceros convolutus'' f. ''volans'' L.I. Smirnova *''

Chaetoceros cornutus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' G. Leuduger-Fortmorel *'' Chaetoceros coronatus'' Gran *''

Chaetoceros costatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Pavillard *''

Chaetoceros crenatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' (C.G. Ehrenberg) T. Brightwell *'' Chaetoceros crinitus'' Schütt *''

Chaetoceros criophilus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Castracane *''

Chaetoceros cruciatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' G.H.H. Karsten *''

Chaetoceros curvatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Castracane *''

Chaetoceros curvisetus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve *''

Chaetoceros dadayi ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Pavillard *''

Chaetoceros danicus ''Chaetoceros danicus'' is a marine unicellular species of diatom in the family Chaetocerotaceae, first described by Cleve in 1889. Individual cells of ''C.danicus'' do not form long chains, unlike most other species of ''Chaetoceros ' ...

'' Cleve *''

Chaetoceros debilis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve * ''Chaetoceros decipiens'' f. ''singularis'' H.H. Gran *'' Chaetoceros decipiens'' Cleve *''

Chaetoceros delicatulus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' C.E.H. Ostenfeld *'' Chaetoceros densus'' Cleve *''

Chaetoceros diadema ''Chaetoceros diadema'' is a diatom in the genus'' Chaetoceros''. The easiest way to identify this species is by finding the very characteristic diadem-like resting spores. Species description Cells united into chains. Very characteristic, diade ...

'' (Ehrenberg) Gran * ''Chaetoceros dichaeta'' f. ''unicellularis'' H. Heiden *''

Chaetoceros dichaetus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Ehrenberg * ''Chaetoceros dichaetus'' var. ''polygonus'' (F. Schütt) H. Heiden * ''Chaetoceros didymus'' var. ''praelongus'' E.J. Lemmermann * ''Chaetoceros didymus'' f. ''aestivus'' H.H. Gran * ''Chaetoceros didymus'' f. ''autumnalis'' H.H. Gran *'' Chaetoceros didymus'' C.G. Ehrenberg *''

Chaetoceros difficilis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve *'' Chaetoceros distichus'' F. Schütt *'' Chaetoceros distinguendus'' E.J. Lemmermann *''

Chaetoceros diversicurvatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Van Goor * ''Chaetoceros diversus'' var. ''mediterraneus'' J.L.B. Schröder *''

Chaetoceros diversus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve *''

Chaetoceros eibenii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' (Grunow) Meunier *''

Chaetoceros elmorei ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Boyer *''

Chaetoceros elongatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Honigmann *''

Chaetoceros exospermus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Meunier *'' Chaetoceros externus'' Gran *''

Chaetoceros fallax ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Prosckina-Lavrenko *''

Chaetoceros femur ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros filiferus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' G.H.H. Karsten *''

Chaetoceros filiforme ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Meunier *'' Chaetoceros flexuosus'' Mangin *''

Chaetoceros fragilis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Meunier * ''Chaetoceros furca'' var. macroceras'' J.L.B. Schröder *''

Chaetoceros furcellatus ''Chaetoceros furcellatus'' is an Arctic neritic diatom in the genus ''Chaetoceros''. The easiest way to identify this species is by finding the very characteristic resting spores. ''C. furcellatus'' is a common and important species in the Bare ...

'' J.W. Bailey *''

Chaetoceros fusus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros galvestonense ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Collier & Murphy *'' Chaetoceros gastridius'' (C.G. Ehrenberg) T. Brightwell *''

Chaetoceros gaussii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Heiden & Kolbe *''

Chaetoceros gracialis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *'' Chaetoceros glandazii'' Mangin *'' Chaetoceros gobii'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros gracilis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Pantocsek *''

Chaetoceros grunowii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros hendeyi ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Manguin * ''Chaetoceros hispidus'' var. ''monicae'' A. Grunow *''

Chaetoceros hohnii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Graebn. & Wujek *''

Chaetoceros holsaticus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Schütt *''

Chaetoceros ikari ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' B.V. Skvortzov *''

Chaetoceros imbricatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Mangin * ''Chaetoceros incurvus'' var. ''umbonatus'' Castracane *''

Chaetoceros incurvus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Bailey *''

Chaetoceros indicus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Karsten *''

Chaetoceros ingolfianus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Ostenfeld *'' Chaetoceros intermedius'' A. Henckel *'' Chaetoceros karianus'' Grunow *''

Chaetoceros karyanus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros knipowitschii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros laciniosus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Schüt * ''Chaetoceros laciniosus'' f. ''protuberans'' M. Thorrington-Smith * ''Chaetoceros laciniosus'' f. ''pelagicus'' H.H. Gran *'' Chaetoceros lauderi''

Ralfs John Ralfs (13 September 1807 – 14 July 1890) was an English botanist. Born in Millbrook, near Southampton, he was the second son of Samuel Ralfs, a yeoman of an old family in Hampshire. He has been commemorated in the names of many plant gr ...

*''

Chaetoceros leve ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *'' Chaetoceros littorale litorale'' E.J. Lemmermann * ''Chaetoceros lorenzianus'' var. ''forceps'' A.F. Meunier *''

Chaetoceros lorenzianus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Grunow *'' Chaetoceros malygini'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros medius ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt C *''

Chaetoceros meridiana ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' (F. Schütt) G. Karsten *'' Chaetoceros mertensii'' H.L. Honigmann *''

Chaetoceros messanense ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Castracane C *''

Chaetoceros minimus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' (Levander) D. Marino, G. Giuffre, M. Montresor & A. Zingone *'' Chaetoceros misumensis'' H.H. Gran & K. Yendo *''

Chaetoceros mitra ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' (J.W. Bailey) Cleve * ''Chaetoceros muelleri'' var. ''duplex'' E.J. Lemmermann * ''Chaetoceros muelleri'' var. ''subsalsum'' J.R. Johansen & S. Rushforth *''

Chaetoceros muelleri ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' E.J. Lemmermann * ''Chaetoceros muellerii'' var. ''subsalsus'' J.R. Johansen & Rushforth *''

Chaetoceros nansenii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros natatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' E.E. Manguin *''

Chaetoceros neglectus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). The individual organisms con ...

'' Karsten *''

Chaetoceros neobulbosus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' T.V. Desikachary, S. Gowthaman & Y. Latha *''

Chaetoceros neocompactus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' S.L. VanLandingham *''

Chaetoceros neogracile ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' S.L. VanLandingham *''

Chaetoceros neupokojewii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros nipponicus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J. Ikari *''

Chaetoceros odontella ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' (C.G. Ehrenberg) G.L. Rabenhorst * ''Chaetoceros okamurae'' var. ''tetrasetus'' J. Ikari *'' Chaetoceros okamurae'' J. Ikari *''

Chaetoceros ostenfeldii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' P.T. Cleve *''

Chaetoceros pachtussowii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros pachyceros ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' R. Margalef *''

Chaetoceros pacificus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J. Ikari *''

Chaetoceros paradoxus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve * ''Chaetoceros paradoxus'' var. ''luedersii'' Engler *'' Chaetoceros parvus'' F. Schütt * ''Chaetoceros paulsenii'' f. ''robustus'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros pavillardii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J. Ikari *''

Chaetoceros pelagicus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' *'' Chaetoceros pendulus'' Karsten *''

Chaetoceros perpusillus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve * ''Chaetoceros peruvianus'' var. ''victoriae'' Karsten * ''Chaetoceros peruvianus'' var. ''gracilis'' J.L.B. Schröder *''

Chaetoceros peruvianus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Brightwell * ''Chaetoceros peruvianus'' var. ''robustum'' P.T. Cleve * ''Chaetoceros peruvianus'' var. ''suadivae'' Karsten * ''Chaetoceros peruvianus'' f. ''volans'' (F. Schütt) C.E.H. Ostenfeld * ''Chaetoceros peruvianus'' f. ''robustus'' (P.T. Cleve) C.E.H. Ostenfeld *''

Chaetoceros phuketensis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' J.E.B. Rines, P. Boonruang & E.C. Theriot *''

Chaetoceros pingue ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *'' Chaetoceros pinguichaetus'' A. Henckel & P. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros pliocenus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J.-J. Brun *''

Chaetoceros protuberans ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' H.S. Lauder *''

Chaetoceros pseudoaurivillii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' J. Ikari *''

Chaetoceros pseudocrinitus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Ostenfeld *''

Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus ''Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus'' is a marine diatom in the genus ''Chaetoceros''. It is an important primary producer in the oceans. ''C. pseudocurvisetus'' forms resting spores and resting cells, particularly in the absence of essential nutrien ...

'' Mangin *''

Chaetoceros pseudodichaeta ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J. Ikari *''

Chaetoceros pundulus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' G.H.H. Karsten *''

Chaetoceros radians ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros radicans ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros recurvatus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' f. robustus Henckel *''

'' Henckel *''

Chaetoceros robustus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' (P.T. Cleve) C.E.H. Ostenfeld *''

Chaetoceros rostratus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Lauder *''

Chaetoceros russanowi ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *''

Chaetoceros salsugineus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Takano *''

Chaetoceros saltans ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' P.T. Cleve *''

Chaetoceros schmidtii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' C.E.H. Ostenfeld * ''Chaetoceros schuettii'' f. ''oceanicus'' H.H. Gran *''

Chaetoceros secundus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' P.T. Cleve *''

Chaetoceros seiracanthus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Gran *''

Chaetoceros sessile ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Grøntved *'' Chaetoceros setoense'' J. Ikari *''

Chaetoceros seychellarus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' G.H.H. Karsten * ''Chaetoceros seychellarus'' var. ''austral'' E.E. Manguin *''

Chaetoceros siamense ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' C.E.H. Ostenfeld *''

Chaetoceros similis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve *''

Chaetoceros simplex ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' C.E.H. Ostenfeld C *''

Chaetoceros skeleton ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt * ''Chaetoceros socialis'' f. ''radians'' (F. Schütt) A.I. Proshkina-Lavrenko *''

Chaetoceros socialis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Lauder * ''Chaetoceros socialis'' var. ''autumnalis'' Prosckina-Lavrenko *''

Chaetoceros sedowii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A. Henckel *'' Chaetoceros strictus'' G.H.H. Karsten *''

Chaetoceros subcompressus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J.L.B. Schröder *'' Chaetoceros subsalsus'' Lemmermann *'' Chaetoceros subsecundus'' (Grunow ex Van Heurck) Hustedt *''

Chaetoceros subtilis ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Cleve *'' Chaetoceros sumatranus'' Karsten *''

Chaetoceros tenuissimus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' A.F. Meunier * ''Chaetoceros teres'' f. ''spinulosus'' H.H. Gran *'' Chaetoceros teres'' Cleve *'' Chaetoceros tetrachaeta'' Ehrenberg *'' Chaetoceros tetras'' G.H.H. Karsten *''

Chaetoceros tetrastichon ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Cleve *''

Chaetoceros thienemannii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' Hustedt * ''Chaetoceros throndsenii'' var. ''trisetosus'' Zingone * ''Chaetoceros throndsenii'' var. ''throndsenia'' D. Marino, M. Montresor & A. Zingone *''

Chaetoceros throndsenii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' (Marino, Montresor, & Zingone) Marino, Montresor & Zingone *''

Chaetoceros tortissimus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaeto ...

'' H.H. Gran *''

Chaetoceros transisetus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' J.R. Johansen & J.S. Boyer *''

Chaetoceros vanheurckii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' H.H. Gran *''

Chaetoceros vermiculus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros villosus ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Kützing *''

Chaetoceros vistulae ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' C. Apstein *''

Chaetoceros volans ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros weissflogii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' F. Schütt *''

Chaetoceros wighamii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Brightwell *'' Chaetoceros willei'' Grunow * ''Chaetoceros zachariasi'' var. ''longus'' H.L. Honigmann * ''Chaetoceros zachariasii'' var. ''variatus'' H.L. Honigmann * ''Chaetoceros zachariasii'' var. ''latus'' H.L. Honigmann *''

Chaetoceros zachariasii ''Chaetoceros'' is probably the largest genus of marine planktonic diatoms with approximately 400 species described, although many of these descriptions are no longer valid. It is often very difficult to distinguish between different ''Chaet ...

'' Honigmann *'' Chaetoceros ziwolkii'' A. Henckel

References

External links

Algaebase

C.H. von Quillfeldt article

Rines 2000 article

Catalogue of Diatom Names, California Academy of Sciences

''Chaetoceros''
at fossilworks {{Taxonbar, from=Q1761179 Diatom genera Coscinodiscophyceae

Description

Environmental ranges

Beneficial effects

Blooms

Some currently accepted ''Chaetoceros'' species

See also

References

External links