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The American Meteorological Society (AMS) is a scientific and professional organization in the United States promoting and disseminating information about the
atmospheric An atmosphere () is a layer of gases that envelop an astronomical object, held in place by the gravity of the object. A planet retains an atmosphere when the gravity is great and the temperature of the atmosphere is low. A stellar atmosphere ...
, oceanic, and
hydrologic sciences Hydrology () is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and drainage basin sustainability. A practitioner of hydrology is called a hydro ...
. Its mission is to advance the atmospheric and related sciences, technologies, specifications, applications and services for the benefit of society.


Background

Founded on December 29, 1919, by Charles F. Brooks, at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in St. Louis, and incorporated on January 21, 1920, the American Meteorological Society has a membership of more than 13,000 weather, water, and climate scientists, professionals, researchers, educators, students, and enthusiasts. AMS publishes 12 atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic journals (in print and online), sponsors as many as twelve conferences annually, and administers professional certification programs and awards. The AMS Policy and Education programs promote scientific knowledge and work to increase public understanding of science. There is also a network of 94 local and student AMS chapters. AMS headquarters is located at 45
Beacon Street Beacon Street is a major east–west street in Boston, Massachusetts, and its western suburbs of Brookline, Massachusetts, Brookline and Newton, Massachusetts, Newton. It passes through many of Boston's central and western neighborhoods, includ ...
adjacent to the Boston Common in
Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas ...
,
Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...
. The headquarters building was designed by
Charles Bulfinch Charles Bulfinch (August 8, 1763 – April 15, 1844) was an early American architect, and has been regarded by many as the first American-born professional architect to practice.Baltzell, Edward Digby. ''Puritan Boston & Quaker Philadelphia''. Tra ...
as the
third Harrison Gray Otis House There are three houses named the Harrison Gray Otis House in Boston, Massachusetts. All were built by noted American architect Charles Bulfinch for the same man, Federalist lawyer and politician Harrison Gray Otis (lawyer), Harrison Gray Otis. F ...
in 1806 and was purchased and renovated by AMS in 1958, with staff moving into the building in 1960. In 2012, AMS purchased the building next door at 44 Beacon Street, also designed by Bulfinch. AMS also maintains an office in
Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...
, at 1200 New York Avenue NW inside the AAAS headquarters. The American Meteorological Society is not to be confused with the
American Meteor Society The American Meteor Society, Ltd. (AMS) is a non-profit scientific organization established to encourage and support the research activities of both amateur and professional astronomers who are interested in the field of meteor astronomy. Its affi ...
, a group of volunteers who observe and track meteors and fireballs.


Certification programs

AMS maintains five professional certification programs. The Certified Broadcast Meteorologist (CBM) program sets a professional standard in broadcast meteorology. The Certified Consulting Meteorologist (CCM) program establishes high standards of technical competence, character, and experience for consultants who provide advice in meteorology to the public. The Certified Digital Meteorologist Program (CDM) program sets standards for meteorologists who meet criteria for effective communication in all forms of digital media. The AMS Seal of Approval was launched in 1957 to recognize on-air meteorologists for their sound delivery of weather information to the general public. Many seal holders are still active, though the original Seal was succeeded by the CBM. Those looking for an expert can consult the listings of all AMS Certified individuals. A recent addition is the Certified AMS Teacher (CAT), a graduate-level certificate for K-12 teachers.


Awards

AMS recognizes excellent work with over 30 different awards ranging from outstanding research contributions in specific fields to awards for excellence in teaching or broadcasting, outstanding books, exceptional service in forecasting, and more, including its highest honor: the Carl-Gustaf Rossby Medal. AMS also awards more than $100,000 annually in undergraduate and graduate level scholarships and fellowships.


Publications

AMS publishes twelve peer-reviewed scientific journals, as well as books and monographs, accounting for more than 34,000 pages each year. * '' Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems'' (AIES) * ''
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Bulletin or The Bulletin may refer to: Periodicals (newspapers, magazines, journals) * ''Bulletin'' (online newspaper), a Swedish online newspaper * ''The Bulletin'' (Australian periodical), an Australian magazine (1880–2008) ** Bulletin De ...
'' (BAMS) * '' Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences'' (JAS) * '' Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology'' (JAMC) * ''
Journal of Physical Oceanography The ''Journal of Physical Oceanography'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Meteorological Society. It was established in January 1971 and is available on the web since 1996. Online articles older than one year are av ...
'' (JPO) * '' Monthly Weather Review'' (MWR) * '' Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology'' (JTECH) * ''
Weather and Forecasting ''Weather and Forecasting'' is a scientific journal published by the American Meteorological Society. Articles on forecasting and analysis techniques, forecast verification studies, and case studies useful to forecasters. In addition, submissio ...
'' (WAF) * ''
Journal of Climate The ''Journal of Climate'' is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published semi-monthly by the American Meteorological Society. It covers research that advances basic understanding of the dynamics and physics of the climate system on larg ...
'' (JCLI) * '' Journal of Hydrometeorology'' (JHM) * '' Weather, Climate, and Society'' (WCAS) * '' Earth Interactions'' (EI) (co-published with AGU & AAG) * '' Meteorological Monographs'' In addition, AMS publishes the ''Glossary of Meteorology'', a blog called the Front Page, and the scientific database '' Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts''. AMS is a member of Crossref, Portico, CHORUS, and CLOCKSS.


Policy Program

The AMS Policy Program works to increase public understanding of the role of scientific information in societal advancement and helps policy-makers ground their decisions in the best available scientific knowledge. It carries out research, holds periodic briefings that allow experts to inform policy makers directly on established scientific understanding and the latest policy-relevant research, and hosts an annual Summer Policy Colloquium to introduce Earth scientists to the federal policy process. The Congressional Science Fellowship places an AMS scientist on the staff of a member of Congress for one full year.


Statements

AMS issues and periodically updates four different types of statements on topics that fall within the scope of AMS expertise: * Information statements aim to provide a trustworthy, objective and scientifically up-to-date explanation of scientific issues of concern to the public at large. They deal with subjects such as climate change and drought. * Policy statements are aimed at officials of government or international bodies and may articulate the state of scientific understanding, raise awareness of a scientific issue, or make policy recommendations based on the professional and scientific expertise and perspectives of the AMS (examples
Weather, Water, and Climate PrioritiesGeoengineering the Climate SystemSpace Weather
* Professional guidance statements alert AMS members to urgent or important AMS, professional or scientific matters. (examples
Strengthening Social Sciences in the Weather–Climate EnterpriseGreen Meetings
* Best Practice statements inform AMS members and the public about AMS endorsed best practices across the weather, water, and climate enterprise and promote scientifically based standards and practices (example
Best Practices for Publicly Sharing Weather Information Via Social Media
.


Meetings and events

AMS organizes a large number national and international meetings, specialized conferences and workshops. Annually, more than 6,000 people attend AMS meetings covering science, technology and applications in the atmospheric and related oceanographic and hydrologic sciences. In addition to the AMS Annual Meeting, the most recent of which was held in Baltimore, Maryland, United States, during 28 January to 1 February 2024, a number of specialty meetings are held each year. AMS records oral presentations given at its meetings and posts them online for anyone to view free of charge. Over thirty conferences and symposia are held concurrently during the AMS Annual Meeting, during which more than 2000 Oral Presentations are given, and more than 1000 Posters are presented by both professionals and students. The AMS Annual Meeting also features an exhibits program, where companies, universities, and organizations participate.


Education Program

The AMS Education Program offers training, workshops, and undergraduate course curriculum to educate the next generation and increase scientific literacy. It claims to have trained over 100,000 teachers. AMS partners with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...
,
National Science Foundation The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) is an Independent agencies of the United States government#Examples of independent agencies, independent agency of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government that su ...
, and U.S. Navy to offer a suite of teacher professional development programs, including three DataStreme courses, Project ATMOSPHERE, and the Maury Project. Textbooks and Investigations Manuals used in AMS DataStreme and Undergraduate Courses are dynamic eBooks with web-based features. Many AMS members contribute to the creation and editing of course materials.


Membership

The American Meteorological Society has more than 13,000 individual members in nearly 100 countries. Membership was initially limited to professionals or scholars in the atmospheric or related sciences, but today an array of membership categories accommodate a wide range of people including students, teachers, corporations and weather enthusiasts.


Fellows

Fellows of the AMS are those who "have made outstanding contributions to the atmospheric or related oceanic or hydrologic sciences or their applications during a substantial period of years". New Fellows are elected annually by the AMS Council of not more than 0.2% of all AMS members. , 1195 members had been appointed as fellows, of whom 327 were deceased and 150 inactive.


Presidents

The following AMS members served as presidents of the society during the listed periods: * Robert DeCourcy Ward, 1920–21 * Robert Frederic Stupart, 1922–23 * Willis Isbister Milham, 1924–25 * Charles Frederick Marvin, 1926–27 * William Jackson Humphreys, 1928–29 * John M. Patterson, 1930–31 * Herbert Harvey Kimball, 1932–33 * Isaac Monroe Cline, 1934–35 * Joseph Burton Kincer, 1936–37 * Willis Ray Gregg, 1938 * Robert Elmer Horton, 1938–39 * Francis Wilton Reichelderfer, 1940–41 * Bernhard Haurwitz, 1943 * Edward Hall Bowie, 1942–43 * Carl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby, 1944–45 * Henry Garrett Houghton, 1946–47 * Howard T. Orville, 1948–49 * Donald Norton Yates, 1950–51 * Horace Robert Byers, 1952–53 * Arthur Francis Merewether, 1954–55 * Robert D. Fletcher, 1956–57 * Sverre Petterssen, 1958–59 * Thomas F. Malone, 1960–61 * Morris Neiburger, 1962–63 * Philip Duncan Thompson, 1964–65 * Louis Joseph Battan, 1966–67 * Verner Edward Suomi, 1968 * George S. Benton, 1969 * Eugene Bollay, 1970 * Alfred Kimball Blackadar, 1971 * Richard J. Reed, 1972 * William Welch Kellogg, 1973 * David Simonds Johnson, 1974 * David Atlas, 1975 * Charles Luther Hosler, 1976 * Werner A. Baum, 1977 * George P. Cressman, 1978 * Chester Whittier Newton, 1979 * Robert M. White, 1980 * Robert Guthrie Fleagle, 1981 * Richard E. Hallgren, 1982 * Earl George Droessler, 1983 * Eugene W. Bierly, 1984 * Clifford J. Murino, 1985 * Joseph Smagorinsky, 1986 * Albert J. Kaehn Jr., 1987 * Roscoe R. Braham, 1988 * Joanne Simpson, 1989 * James R. Mahoney, 1990 * William D. Bonner, 1991 * Donald R. Johnson, 1992 * Robert T. Ryan, 1993 * Warren M. Washington, 1994 * David D. Houghton, 1995 * Paul D. Try, 1996 * Ronald D. McPherson, 1997 * Eugene M. Rasmusson, 1998 * George L. Frederick Jr., 1999 * James F. Kimpel, 2000 * Robert J. Serafin, 2001 * Richard D. Rosen, 2002 * Elbert W. Friday Jr., 2003 * Susan K. Avery, 2004 * Walter Andrew Lyons, 2005 * Franco Einaudi, 2006 * Richard A. Anthes, 2007 * Walter F. Dabberdt, 2008 * Thomas R. Karl, 2009 * Margaret Anne LeMone, 2010 * Jonathan T. Malay, 2011 * Louis W. Uccellini, 2012 * J. Marshall Shepherd, 2013 * William B. Gail, 2014 * Alexander E. MacDonald, 2015 * Frederick H. Carr, 2016 * Matthew J. Parker, 2017 * Roger M. Wakimoto, 2018 * Jenni L. Evans, 2019 * Mary Glackin, 2020 * Michael R. Farrar, 2021 * Richard Dale Clark, 2022 * Bradley R. Colman, 2023 * Anjuli Bamzai, 2024 * David J. Stensrud, 2025 * Alan Sealls, 2026 president elect


See also

*
American Geophysical Union The American Geophysical Union (AGU) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization of Earth, Atmospheric science, atmospheric, Oceanography, ocean, Hydrology, hydrologic, Astronomy, space, and Planetary science, planetary scientists and enthusiasts that ...
*
National Weather Association The National Weather Association (NWA), founded in 1975, is an American professional association with a mission to support and promote excellence in operational meteorology and related activities. Background The National Weather Association is, ...


References


External links

* {{Authority control Professional associations based in the United States Non-profit organizations based in Boston 1919 establishments in the United States Scientific organizations established in 1919