''Cephalaria'' is a genus of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the family
Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and easte ...
. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa.
[
They are ]annual
Annual may refer to:
*Annual publication, periodical publications appearing regularly once per year
**Yearbook
**Literary annual
*Annual plant
*Annual report
*Annual giving
*Annual, Morocco, a settlement in northeastern Morocco
*Annuals (band), a ...
or perennial
In horticulture, the term perennial ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years. The term is also ...
herbaceous
Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials.
Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous"
The fourth edition of ...
plants growing to 0.8–2 m tall.
''Cephalaria'' species are used as food plants by the larva
A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase ...
e of some Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera ( ) or lepidopterans is an order (biology), order of winged insects which includes butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera have been described, representing 10% of the total described species of living organ ...
species including '' Schinia imperialis'', which feeds exclusively on ''C. procera''.
Species
102 species are accepted.[
*'' Cephalaria adiyamanensis''
*'' Cephalaria alpina'' (L.) Roem. & Schult.
*'']Cephalaria ambrosioides
''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa.
They are annual plant, annual or perennial plant, perennia ...
'' (Sibth. & Sm.) Roem. & Schult.
*'' Cephalaria anamurensis''
*'' Cephalaria anatolica'' Shkhiyan
*'' Cephalaria aristata'' C.Koch
*''Cephalaria armeniaca
''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa.
They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...
''
*'' Cephalaria armerioides''
*'' Cephalaria armoraciifolia''
*'' Cephalaria attenuata''
*'' Cephalaria axillaris''
*'' Cephalaria aytachii''
*'' Cephalaria balansae''
*'' Cephalaria balkharica''
*'' Cephalaria beijiangensis''
*'' Cephalaria bojnordensis''
*'' Cephalaria brevipalea''
*'' Cephalaria calcarea''
*''Cephalaria cedrorum
''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa.
They are annual plant, annual or perennial plant, perennia ...
''
*''Cephalaria chaldoranensis
''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa.
They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...
''
*'' Cephalaria cilicica''
*'' Cephalaria cilodaghensis''
*'' Cephalaria coriacea'' (Willd.) Roem. & Schult. ex Steud.
*'' Cephalaria dagestanica''
*'' Cephalaria davisiana''
*'' Cephalaria decurrens''
*'' Cephalaria demetrii''
*'' Cephalaria demirizii''
*'' Cephalaria dichaetophora''
*'' Cephalaria dirmilensis''
*'' Cephalaria duzceensis''
*'' Cephalaria ekimiana''
*'' Cephalaria elazigensis''
*'' Cephalaria elmaliensis''
*'' Cephalaria fanourii''
*'' Cephalaria flava'' (Sibth. & Sm.) Szabó
*'' Cephalaria foliosa''
*'' Cephalaria galpiniana''
*'' Cephalaria gazipashensis''
*''Cephalaria gigantea
''Cephalaria gigantea'' (synonym (taxonomy), syn. ''Scabiosa gigantea''), the giant scabious or yellow scabious, is a species of flowering plant in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaij ...
'' (Ledeb.) Bobrov – Tatarian Cephalaria
*'' Cephalaria goetzei''
*'' Cephalaria golestanica''
*'' Cephalaria hakkiarica''
*'' Cephalaria hirsuta''
*'' Cephalaria humilis''
*'' Cephalaria integerrima''
*'' Cephalaria integrifolia''
*'' Cephalaria isaurica''
*'' Cephalaria joppensis''
*'' Cephalaria juncea''
*'' Cephalaria katangensis''
*'' Cephalaria kesruanica''
*'' Cephalaria kleinii''
*'' Cephalaria kotschyi''
*'' Cephalaria kurdistanica''
*'' Cephalaria kutahyaensis''
*'' Cephalaria laevigata'' (Waldst. & Kit.) Schrad.
*''Cephalaria leucantha
''Cephalaria leucantha'' is a species of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae.
Description
''Cephalaria leucantha'' grows to in height. This hardy perennial plant has a long stem with divided, fern-like leaves. It produces white or pal ...
'' (L.) Roem. & Schult.
*'' Cephalaria litvinovii'' Bobrov
*'' Cephalaria lycica''
*'' Cephalaria mauritanica''
*'' Cephalaria media''
*'' Cephalaria microcephala''
*'' Cephalaria microdonta''
*'' Cephalaria nachiczevanica''
*'' Cephalaria natalensis''
*'' Cephalaria oblongifolia''
*'' Cephalaria paphlagonica''
*'' Cephalaria pastricensis'' Dörfl. & Hayek
*'' Cephalaria peshmenii''
*'' Cephalaria petiolata''
*'' Cephalaria procera''
*'' Cephalaria pungens''
*'' Cephalaria qeydarensis''
*'' Cephalaria radiata'' Griseb. & Schenk
*'' Cephalaria retrosetosa''
*'' Cephalaria rigida''
*'' Cephalaria saldaensis''
*'' Cephalaria salicifolia''
*'' Cephalaria scabra'' (L.f.) Roem. & Schult.
*'' Cephalaria scoparia''
*'' Cephalaria setosa''
*'' Cephalaria sparsipilosa''
*'' Cephalaria speciosa''
*'' Cephalaria squamiflora'' (Sieber) Greuter
*'' Cephalaria stapfii''
*'' Cephalaria stellipilis''
*'' Cephalaria sublanata''
*'' Cephalaria sumbuliana''
*'' Cephalaria syriaca'' (L.) Roem. & Schult. – Syrian Cephalaria
*'' Cephalaria szaboi''
*'' Cephalaria taurica''
*'' Cephalaria tchihatchewii'' Boiss.
*'' Cephalaria tenella''
*'' Cephalaria torbatejamensis''
*'' Cephalaria transcaucasica''
*'' Cephalaria transsylvanica'' (L.) Roem. & Schult.
*'' Cephalaria tuteliana''
*'' Cephalaria uralensis'' (Murray) Roem. & Schult.
*'' Cephalaria velutina''
*'' Cephalaria wilmsiana''
*'' Cephalaria zeyheriana''
Cultivation and uses
Some species are grown as ornamental plant
Ornamental plants or ''garden plants'' are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars th ...
s in gardens. The most popular species is '' C. gigantea'', a perennial species from the Caucasus
The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region spanning Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising parts of Southern Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The Caucasus Mountains, i ...
growing to 2 m tall, valued for its strong erect growth with dark green foliage and yellow flowers.
See also
Flora Europaea: ''Cephalaria''Flora of Pakistan: ''Cephalaria''
References
Caprifoliaceae genera
{{Dipsacales-stub