''Cephalaria'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s in the family

Caprifoliaceae The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and easte ...

. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are

annual Annual may refer to: *Annual publication, periodical publications appearing regularly once per year **Yearbook **Literary annual *Annual plant *Annual report *Annual giving *Annual, Morocco, a settlement in northeastern Morocco *Annuals (band), a ...

perennial In horticulture, the term perennial ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years. The term is also ...

herbaceous Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials. Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous" The fourth edition of ...

plants growing to 0.8–2 m tall. ''Cephalaria'' species are used as food plants by the

larva A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase ...

e of some

Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) or lepidopterans is an order (biology), order of winged insects which includes butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera have been described, representing 10% of the total described species of living organ ...

species including '' Schinia imperialis'', which feeds exclusively on ''C. procera''.

Species

102 species are accepted. *'' Cephalaria adiyamanensis'' *'' Cephalaria alpina'' (L.) Roem. & Schult. *''

Cephalaria ambrosioides ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual plant, annual or perennial plant, perennia ...

'' (Sibth. & Sm.) Roem. & Schult. *''

Cephalaria anamurensis ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria anatolica'' Shkhiyan *'' Cephalaria aristata'' C.Koch *''

Cephalaria armeniaca ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria armerioides'' *'' Cephalaria armoraciifolia'' *''

Cephalaria attenuata ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria axillaris ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria aytachii ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria balansae ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria balkharica ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria beijiangensis ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria bojnordensis ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria brevipalea ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria calcarea ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria cedrorum ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual plant, annual or perennial plant, perennia ...

'' *''

Cephalaria chaldoranensis ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria cilicica'' *'' Cephalaria cilodaghensis'' *'' Cephalaria coriacea'' (Willd.) Roem. & Schult. ex Steud. *'' Cephalaria dagestanica'' *''

Cephalaria davisiana ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria decurrens ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria demetrii'' *'' Cephalaria demirizii'' *'' Cephalaria dichaetophora'' *''

Cephalaria dirmilensis ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria duzceensis'' *'' Cephalaria ekimiana'' *'' Cephalaria elazigensis'' *''

Cephalaria elmaliensis ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria fanourii'' *'' Cephalaria flava'' (Sibth. & Sm.) Szabó *'' Cephalaria foliosa'' *'' Cephalaria galpiniana'' *'' Cephalaria gazipashensis'' *''

Cephalaria gigantea ''Cephalaria gigantea'' (synonym (taxonomy), syn. ''Scabiosa gigantea''), the giant scabious or yellow scabious, is a species of flowering plant in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaij ...

'' (Ledeb.) Bobrov – Tatarian Cephalaria *'' Cephalaria goetzei'' *'' Cephalaria golestanica'' *'' Cephalaria hakkiarica'' *''

Cephalaria hirsuta ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria humilis'' *''

Cephalaria integerrima ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria integrifolia'' *'' Cephalaria isaurica'' *'' Cephalaria joppensis'' *''

Cephalaria juncea ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria katangensis ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria kesruanica ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria kleinii ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria kotschyi'' *'' Cephalaria kurdistanica'' *'' Cephalaria kutahyaensis'' *'' Cephalaria laevigata'' (Waldst. & Kit.) Schrad. *''

Cephalaria leucantha ''Cephalaria leucantha'' is a species of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. Description ''Cephalaria leucantha'' grows to in height. This hardy perennial plant has a long stem with divided, fern-like leaves. It produces white or pal ...

'' (L.) Roem. & Schult. *'' Cephalaria litvinovii'' Bobrov *''

Cephalaria lycica ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria mauritanica'' *'' Cephalaria media'' *''

Cephalaria microcephala ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria microdonta ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria nachiczevanica'' *'' Cephalaria natalensis'' *'' Cephalaria oblongifolia'' *''

Cephalaria paphlagonica ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria pastricensis'' Dörfl. & Hayek *''

Cephalaria peshmenii ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria petiolata'' *'' Cephalaria procera'' *''

Cephalaria pungens ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria qeydarensis'' *''

Cephalaria radiata ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' Griseb. & Schenk *''

Cephalaria retrosetosa ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria rigida'' *'' Cephalaria saldaensis'' *'' Cephalaria salicifolia'' *'' Cephalaria scabra'' (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. *''

Cephalaria scoparia ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria setosa'' *'' Cephalaria sparsipilosa'' *'' Cephalaria speciosa'' *'' Cephalaria squamiflora'' (Sieber) Greuter *''

Cephalaria stapfii ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria stellipilis'' *''

Cephalaria sublanata ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria sumbuliana'' *'' Cephalaria syriaca'' (L.) Roem. & Schult. – Syrian Cephalaria *'' Cephalaria szaboi'' *''

Cephalaria taurica ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *'' Cephalaria tchihatchewii'' Boiss. *'' Cephalaria tenella'' *'' Cephalaria torbatejamensis'' *''

Cephalaria transcaucasica ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' *''

Cephalaria transsylvanica ''Cephalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to ...

'' (L.) Roem. & Schult. *'' Cephalaria tuteliana'' *'' Cephalaria uralensis'' (Murray) Roem. & Schult. *'' Cephalaria velutina'' *'' Cephalaria wilmsiana'' *'' Cephalaria zeyheriana''

Cultivation and uses

Some species are grown as

ornamental plant Ornamental plants or ''garden plants'' are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars th ...

s in gardens. The most popular species is '' C. gigantea'', a perennial species from the

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region spanning Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising parts of Southern Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The Caucasus Mountains, i ...

growing to 2 m tall, valued for its strong erect growth with dark green foliage and yellow flowers.

References

Caprifoliaceae genera {{Dipsacales-stub

Species

Cultivation and uses

See also

References