The Central Sudetes ( or ''Střední Sudety'', , ) are the central part of the

Sudetes The Sudetes ( ), also known as the Sudeten Mountains or Sudetic Mountains, is a geomorphological subprovince of the Bohemian Massif province in Central Europe, shared by the Czech Republic, Poland and Germany. They consist mainly of mountain rang ...

mountain range on the border of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

and

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. They stretch from the Nysa Kłodzka River and the Kłodzko Valley in the east to the upper Bóbr in the west. The Central Sudetes comprise a number of

mountain range A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills arranged in a line and connected by high ground. A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have aris ...

s, including: *

Orlické Mountains The Orlické Mountains (, , ) or Eagle Mountains are a mountain range located mainly in northeastern Bohemia in the Czech Republic. It is a mesoregion of the Central Sudetes. They follow the border with Kłodzko Land in Poland Poland, of ...

* Bystrzyckie Mountains * Bardzkie Mountains *

Owl Mountains The Owl Mountains (; ; ; ) are a mountain range of the Central Sudetes, Central Sudetes in southwestern Poland. It includes a protected area called Owl Mountains Landscape Park. Geography The Owl Mountains cover an area of about and stretch ove ...

* Krucze Mountains * Stone Mountains * Stołowe Mountains * Waldenburg Mountains The largest city in the Central Sudetes is

Wałbrzych Wałbrzych (; ; or ''Walmbrich''; or ) is a city located in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland, seat of Wałbrzych County. Wałbrzych lies approximately southwest of the voivodeship capital Wrocław and about from the Czec ...

in Poland, where there are extensive hard

coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other Chemical element, elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal i ...

deposits under the Wałbrzyskie and partly Owl Mountains.

History

During

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalit ...

established and operated multiple subcamps of the

Gross-Rosen concentration camp Gross-Rosen was a network of Nazi concentration camps built and operated by Nazi Germany during World War II. The main camp was located in the German village of Gross-Rosen, now the modern-day Rogoźnica in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, di ...

in the Central Sudetes, and several were part of Project Riese.

Literary Heights Festival

The Literary Heights Festival, a Polish

literary festival A literary festival, also known as a book festival or writers' festival, is a regular gathering of writers and readers, typically on an annual basis in a particular city. A literary festival usually features a variety of presentations and readings ...

founded in 2015 which takes place in the vicinity of

Nowa Ruda Nowa Ruda (, ) is a town in south-western Poland near the Czech Republic, Czech border, lying on the Włodzica river in the central Sudetes mountain range. it had 22,067 inhabitants. The town is located in Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivod ...

at the foot of the Owl Mountains in the Kłodzko Valley. The event's organizers include the Mount Babel Cultural Association, the city and commune of Nowa Ruda, while the hosts are Karol Maliszewski and

Olga Tokarczuk Olga Nawoja Tokarczuk (; born 29 January 1962) is a Polish writer, activist, and public intellectual. She is one of the most critically acclaimed and successful authors of her generation in Poland. In 2019, she was awarded the 2018 Nobel Pri ...

, who lives in Krajanów. The festival's program includes educational sessions, debates, concerts, panels, shows, meetings, poetry, literary workshops, film screenings, culinary workshops and various exhibitions.

References

Bibliography

* M. Staffa (1982): ''Przewodnik turystyczny: Wędrówka przez Sudety Środkowe: Góry Wałbrzyskie – Góry Suche – Góry Sowie – Góry Bardzkie''. Wyd. PTTK "Kraj": Warszawa/Krakow * K. Radwański, M. Szymczak (2008): ''Atlas gór Polski: Sudety. Karpaty. Góry Świętokrzyskie''. Wyda. ExpressMap: Warszawa * Praca zbiorowa: Mapa Sudety Środkowe (scale 1:40 000). Wydawnictwo Turystyczne Plan: Jelenia Góra * M. Mota (1998): ''Sudety Środkowe, Wschodnie i Kotlina Kłodzka'' (A. Rajwa Geologia i rzeźba; C. Skała Geografia i przyroda); Wyd."Pascal": Bielsko-Biała {{Authority control Sudetes Mountain ranges of Poland Mountain ranges of the Czech Republic

History

Literary Heights Festival

See also

References

Bibliography