The Cenocoeliinae are a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...

braconid The Braconidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. After the closely related Ichneumonidae, braconids make up the second-largest family in the order Hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. One analysis ...

parasitoid wasp Parasitoid wasps are a large group of hymenopteran Superfamily (zoology), superfamilies, with all but the wood wasps (Orussoidea) being in the wasp-waisted Apocrita. As parasitoids, they lay their eggs on or in the bodies of other arthropods, ...

Description and distribution

Cenocoeliines are medium-sized braconids (3-11 mm long) with relatively large heads. The

metasoma The metasoma is the posterior part of the body, or tagma (biology), tagma, of arthropods whose body is composed of three parts, the other two being the prosoma and the mesosoma. In insects, it contains most of the digestive tract, respiratory sy ...

is attached high above the hind legs on the

propodeum Propodeum labelled within the alitrunk of an ant worker The propodeum is a term that can refer to unrelated structures in insects or in mollusks. Insects The first abdominal segment in Apocrita Hymenoptera (wasps, bees and ants) is known a ...

in contrast to other braconids, where the attachment is just above the hind coxa. They are non-cyclostome and females have long

ovipositor The ovipositor is a tube-like organ used by some animals, especially insects, for the laying of eggs. In insects, an ovipositor consists of a maximum of three pairs of appendages. The details and morphology of the ovipositor vary, but typica ...

s. Their wings are often darkly colored. Cenocoeliinae have a worldwide distribution, but have been only rarely found in the

Afrotropical The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopi ...

region. Most species are described from the Nearctic, but many undescribed species have been found in Neotropical regions.

Biology

Little is known about Cenocoeliinae biology, but records so far indicate they are koinobiont endoparasitoids of

beetle Beetles are insects that form the Taxonomic rank, order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Holometabola. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 40 ...

larvae feeding within plants. Hosts include members of

Cerambycidae The longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), also known as long-horned or longicorns (whose larvae are often referred to as roundheaded borers), are a large family of beetles, with over 35,000 species described. Most species are characterized by anten ...

Curculionidae The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae. Th ...

Buprestidae Buprestidae is a family (biology), family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy Iridescence, iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the lar ...

, and

Scolytinae A bark beetle is the common name for the subfamily of beetles Scolytinae. Previously, this was considered a distinct family (Scolytidae), but is now understood to be a specialized clade of the "true weevil" family (Curculionidae). Although th ...

Genera

Genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...

placed here include:

Tribe Cenocoeliini Szépligeti, 1901

* '' Capitonius'' Brullé, 1846 * '' Cenocoelius'' Westwood, 1840 * '' Evaniomorpha'' Szépligeti, 1901 * '' Lestricus'' Reinhard, 1866 * '' Nuessleinia'' Kittel, 2016 * '' Hymenorattana'' van Achterberg, 2012

Tribe Ussurohelconini van Achterberg, 1994

* '' Ussurohelcon'' Belokobylskij, 1989

References

External links

Photos on BugGuide
* w.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxon=cenocoeliinae&searchMenu=taxonomy&query=cenocoeliinae DNA barcodes at BOLD systems {{Taxonbar, from=Q4035955 Apocrita subfamilies Braconidae