Catalan Liberation Front () was a separatist group in

Catalonia Catalonia is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationalities and regions of Spain, nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006, Statute of Autonomy. Most of its territory (except the Val d'Aran) is situate ...

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

. FAC was formed in 1969 by people from the Catalan National Council (CNC) and the Working Youth of Catalan State (JOEC). The same year FAC initiated violent actions against

Francoist Spain Francoist Spain (), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (), or Nationalist Spain () was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death i ...

. In 1972 a series of FAC militants were captured and tortured. A major section of the movement went into exile, first to

Andorra Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra, is a Sovereignty, sovereign landlocked country on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees in Southwestern Europe, Andorra–France border, bordered by France to the north and Spain to A ...

and the Catalan region of

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, and later to

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. In exile the organization oriented itself towards the left, adopted Marxism-Leninism as its ideology and proclaimed its objective to form a Communist Party of Catalonia. These changes were confirmed at the First Conference of FAC, held in Brussels 1973. FAC started publishing ''Catalunya Roja''. In 1974 the group Revolutionary Left joined FAC. The armed operations of FAC were then carried out by a 'Special Organisation' (''Organització Especial''). In 1975 FAC again suffered a wave of detention and captures. Part of the organisation formed the

Catalan Revolutionary Movement Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...

(MRC) in 1975, to mobilise popular and legal support to the struggle of FAC. By 1977 both FAC and MRC had ceased to exist.

References

* VERA i ARÚS, Jordi. ''La lluita armada als Països Catalans: història del FAC''.

Sant Boi de Llobregat Sant Boi de Llobregat () is a city in the Province of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain, located on the banks of the Llobregat river. In 2019 it had 83,605 inhabitants. The city is divided into six neighborhoods (named ''barris'' in Catalan): Ciu ...

: Edicions Lluita, 1985.
Història del FAC
{{DEFAULTSORT:Catalan Liberation Front Defunct communist parties in Catalonia Anti-Francoism 1969 establishments in Spain Political parties established in 1969 1977 disestablishments in Spain Political parties disestablished in 1977 Left-wing militant groups in Spain Anti-fascist organisations in Spain