Castlecaufield
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Castlecaulfield ( Irish: ''Baile Uí Dhonnaíle'', meaning 'town or territory of
O'Donnelly Donnelly is an Irish surname. Also used as: O’Donnelly or Donley. It is derived from the Gaelic ''Ó Donnghaile'' meaning 'descendant of Donnghal', a given name composed of the elements ''donn'' ('dark, brown') and ''gal'' ('valour'). O'Donnell ...
' Patrick McKay, ''A Dictionary of Ulster Place-Names'', p. 37. The Institute of Irish Studies,
The Queen's University of Belfast The Queen's University of Belfast, commonly known as Queen's University Belfast (; abbreviated Queen's or QUB), is a public research university A public university, state university, or public college is a university or college that is St ...
, Belfast, 1999.
) is a
village A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban v ...
in the south-east of
County Tyrone County Tyrone (; ) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland. Its county town is Omagh. Adjoined to the south-west shore of Lough Neagh, the cou ...
in
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ; ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It has been #Descriptions, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares Repub ...
. It lies about 2 miles west of
Dungannon Dungannon (, ) is a town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the second-largest town in the county (after Omagh) and had a population of 16,282 at the United Kingdom Census 2011, 2021 Census. The Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Counci ...
and is part of the
Mid Ulster District Council Mid Ulster District Council (; Ulster Scots dialects, Ulster-Scots: ''Mid Ulstèr Airts Cooncil'') is a local authority that was established on 1 April 2015. It replaced Cookstown District Council, Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council and ...
area. The village is mostly within the
townland A townland (; Ulster-Scots: ''toonlann'') is a traditional small land division used in Ireland and in the Western Isles of Scotland, typically covering . The townland system is of medieval Gaelic origin, predating the Norman invasion, and mo ...
of Drumreany, although part of it extends into Lisnamonaghan. It is situated in the historic
Barony Barony may refer to: * Barony, the peerage, office of, or territory held by a baron * Barony, the title and land held in fealty by a feudal baron * Barony (county division), a type of administrative or geographical division in parts of the British ...
of
Dungannon Middle Dungannon Middle (named after Dungannon town) is a barony in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It was created in 1851 with the splitting of the barony of Dungannon. It is bordered by Lough Neagh to the east and six other baronies: Dungannon Uppe ...
and the
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...
of Donaghmore. The Caufeild family, from which the village derives its name (although spelt differently for the last few hundred years), were also responsible for founding the settlement of Caulfeild, West Vancouver, Canada in 1898/99. Through the work of the 'Castlecaulfield Horticultural Society' the village was 'Village Category' winner of 'Ulster In Bloom' in 2015, 2016 and 2017. It was also 'Village Category' winner of 'Britain in Bloom' in 2016 and 2018. In 2017 the village was a category winner of 'Communities in Bloom' receiving the award in Canada. The same year 'Castlecaulfield Horticultural Society' received the Queens Award for Voluntary Service. Castlecaulfield was awarded 'Best Kept Small Village' in 2016 and 2017.


History

The townland the village is in was formerly known as Ballydonnelly ( Irish: ''Baile Uí Dhonnaíle''), and was the stronghold of the
O'Donnelly Donnelly is an Irish surname. Also used as: O’Donnelly or Donley. It is derived from the Gaelic ''Ó Donnghaile'' meaning 'descendant of Donnghal', a given name composed of the elements ''donn'' ('dark, brown') and ''gal'' ('valour'). O'Donnell ...
(''Uí Donnghaile'') sept, who had held the role of marshalls to the O'Neills of Tyrone. According to
Gaelic Irish The Gaels ( ; ; ; ) are an Insular Celtic ethnolinguistic group native to Ireland, Scotland, and the Isle of Man. They are associated with the Gaelic languages: a branch of the Celtic languages comprising Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaeli ...
tradition, the O'Donnellys were part of the
Cenél nEoghain Cenél is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Cenél Conaill, the name of the "kindred" or descendants of Conall Gulban, son of Niall Noígiallach defined by oral and recorded history *Cenél nEógain (in English, Cenel Eogan) is ...
making them kin of the O'Neills. In their role as Marshalls to the O'Neills they were responsible for fostering the children of 'The O'Neill'. The O'Donnellys reached the height of their role during the time of Shane O'Neill when Dean Terrence Danyell (Turlough O'Donnelly) of Armagh played a key role in communications between Shane O'Neill and Elizabeth I. The earliest mention of Ballydonnelly is the ''
Annals of the Four Masters The ''Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland'' () or the ''Annals of the Four Masters'' () are chronicles of Middle Ages, medieval Irish history. The entries span from the Genesis flood narrative, Deluge, dated as 2,242 Anno Mundi, years after crea ...
'' in 1531 when it is said ''Baile-Ui-Donnghaile was assaulted by Niall Oge, son of Art, son of Con O'Neill. He demolished the castle; and he made a prisoner of the son of O'Neill, who was foster-son of O'Donnelly, and carried him off, together with the horses and the other spoils of the town.”'' At the start of the
Plantation of Ulster The Plantation of Ulster (; Ulster Scots dialects, Ulster Scots: ) was the organised Settler colonialism, colonisation (''Plantation (settlement or colony), plantation'') of Ulstera Provinces of Ireland, province of Irelandby people from Great ...
, Ballydonnelly was allocated as a 'Servitor' portion and as such was granted to
Sir Toby Caulfeild Toby Caulfeild, 1st Baron Caulfeild of Charlemont (1565–1627), was an English army officer active in Ireland. Life He was born on 2 December 1565 the son of Alexander Caulfeild of Great Milton in Oxfordshire. As a youth, he served under Martin ...
who had served in the Crown forces during the '
Nine Years War The Nine Years' War was a European great power conflict from 1688 to 1697 between France and the Grand Alliance. Although largely concentrated in Europe, fighting spread to colonial possessions in the Americas, India, and West Africa. Relat ...
'. The '
castle A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ...
' to which the placename refers is atypical of most Plantation structures, in that it is not the more usual fortified
tower house A tower house is a particular type of stone structure, built for defensive purposes as well as habitation. Tower houses began to appear in the Middle Ages, especially in mountainous or limited access areas, to command and defend strategic points ...
, and was built for Sir Toby Caulfeild in the style of an
Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...
manor house. This manor house, called
Castle Caulfield Castle Caulfield is a large ruined house situated in Castlecaulfield, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The house was built for Sir Toby Caulfield between 1611 and 1619. He was granted 1,000 acres at the start of the Plantation of Ulster. Th ...
, was badly damaged by fire during the
1641 rebellion The Irish Rebellion of 1641 was an uprising in Ireland, initiated on 23 October 1641 by Catholic gentry and military officers. Their demands included an end to anti-Catholic discrimination, greater Irish self-governance, and return of confiscat ...
and was only reused in a limited capacity thereafter by the descendants of the Caulfeild family. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the village was a centre for the developing linen industry, and many mills and farms located in and around the village were involved in linen production. This culminated in the building of the Acheson & Smith Works (later David Acheson Ltd) in 1874. The factory was in operation until 1978/79 before closure. It was a major employer within the district.


Places of interest

*
Castle Caulfield Castle Caulfield is a large ruined house situated in Castlecaulfield, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The house was built for Sir Toby Caulfield between 1611 and 1619. He was granted 1,000 acres at the start of the Plantation of Ulster. Th ...
, built by Sir Toby Caulfield between 1611 and 1619 is in the village. The gatehouse has
murder-hole A murder hole or meurtrière is a hole in the ceiling of a gateway or passageway in a fortification through which the defenders could shoot, throw or pour harmful substances or objects such as rocks, arrows, scalding water, hot sand, quicklime ...
s and the Caulfeild Arms. *St Michael's And All Angel's Church of Ireland built * Parkanaur House, a Tudor revival country house, founded by the 'Burges' family who occupied the property until their departure in 1955. It is now known as Parkanaur College and the surrounding estate is a Forest park under the care of the NI Forest Service. *Castlecaulfield Presbyterian Church


Events

* Castlecaulfield Horticultural Society hold a show every year in August to which people are encouraged to enter horticultural and handicraft items for prizes. The society also holds fundraising events throughout the year to support its yearly show.


Notable people

*
Sir Toby Caulfeild Toby Caulfeild, 1st Baron Caulfeild of Charlemont (1565–1627), was an English army officer active in Ireland. Life He was born on 2 December 1565 the son of Alexander Caulfeild of Great Milton in Oxfordshire. As a youth, he served under Martin ...
(1565–1627) was responsible for the
Plantation Plantations are farms specializing in cash crops, usually mainly planting a single crop, with perhaps ancillary areas for vegetables for eating and so on. Plantations, centered on a plantation house, grow crops including cotton, cannabis, tob ...
settlement of Castlecaulfield, or the 'Manor of Aghloske' as it was called in 1610. He also had
Castle Caulfield Castle Caulfield is a large ruined house situated in Castlecaulfield, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The house was built for Sir Toby Caulfield between 1611 and 1619. He was granted 1,000 acres at the start of the Plantation of Ulster. Th ...
constructed. *
Saint In Christianity, Christian belief, a saint is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of sanctification in Christianity, holiness, imitation of God, likeness, or closeness to God in Christianity, God. However, the use of the ...
Oliver Plunkett Oliver Plunkett (or Oliver Plunket; ; 1 November 1625 – 1 July 1681) was the Catholic Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland and the last victim of the Popish Plot. He was beatified in 1920 and canonised in 1975, thus becoming t ...
,
Archbishop of Armagh The Archbishop of Armagh is an Episcopal polity, archiepiscopal title which takes its name from the Episcopal see, see city of Armagh in Northern Ireland. Since the Reformation in Ireland, Reformation, there have been parallel apostolic success ...
, carried out ordinations in the grounds of Castle Caulfield under the invitation and protection of The 1st Viscount Charlemont. * Rev George Walker Jnr was Rector of Donaghmore Parish (1674–1690) with 'St Michael and All Saints Church' being the Parish Church. He was the Governor of Derry in 1689 and was killed at the
Battle of the Boyne The Battle of the Boyne ( ) took place in 1690 between the forces of the deposed King James II, and those of King William III who, with his wife Queen Mary II (his cousin and James's daughter), had acceded to the Crowns of England and Sc ...
in 1690. His remains are buried within St Michael's. *
John Wesley John Wesley ( ; 2 March 1791) was an English cleric, Christian theology, theologian, and Evangelism, evangelist who was a principal leader of a Christian revival, revival movement within the Church of England known as Methodism. The societies ...
visited Castlecaulfield on a number of occasions between 1767 and 1789 leading to the founding of the local Methodist congregation in 1842. * Poet Charles Wolfe (1791–1823), author of 'The Burial of Sir John Moore', was Curate of Donaghmore Parish (1818–1823). A Blue Plaque is erected in his memory near the entrance to St Michael's & All Saints Church * American author
Maureen Daly Maureen Daly (March 15, 1921 – September 25, 2006) was an Irish-born American writer who wrote the 1942 novel '' Seventeenth Summer'' while still in her teens. Originally marketed for adults, it described a contemporary teenage romance and drew ...
was born in Castlecaulfield on 15 March 1921. She was the author of ''
Seventeenth Summer ''Seventeenth Summer'' is a young adult novel written by Maureen Daly and published in 1942. It is considered Daly's debut novel, and is considered one of the earliest entries of young adult fiction. Plot summary ''Seventeenth Summer'' is a boo ...
'', which was believed to have sold over a million copies by 2005. *
John Givan John Givan (29 September 1837 – 21 January 1895) was an Irish Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1880 to 1883. Givan was the son of John Givan of Castlecaulfield, County Tyrone, and his wife Margaretta daughter of James ...
(1837–1895). Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for
Monaghan Monaghan ( ; ) is the county town of County Monaghan, Republic of Ireland, Ireland. It also provides the name of its Civil parishes in Ireland, civil parish and Monaghan (barony), Monaghan barony. The population of the town as of the 2022 cen ...
1880–1883 *
Joseph Johnston Joseph Johnston may refer to: * Joseph Johnston (Irish politician) (1890–1972), Irish academic, farmer and politician * Allan Johnston (politician) (Joseph Allan Johnston, 1904–1974), Liberal party member of the Canadian House of Commons * Josep ...
(1890–1972), academic, farmer, writer and Member of
Seanad Éireann Seanad Éireann ( ; ; "Senate of Ireland") is the senate of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (defined as the house of representatives). It is commonly called the Seanad or ...
1938-198 and 1951–1954 *
Robert Dougatt Robert Dougatt (1683–1730) was an Anglican priest and librarian in Ireland in the first half of the 18th-century. Dougatt was the nephew (sister's son) of William King, Archbishop of Dublin. He was born in Castlecaulfield and educated at Trini ...
(1683–1730), Anglican priest and librarian * Trevor Ferguson (1964-2012), Motorbike rider


Demography


19th century population

The population of the village increased slightly overall during the 19th century:


References

*Dungannon & South Tyrone Area Plan 2010


External links

{{authority control Villages in County Tyrone Barony of Dungannon Middle