Caryoteae is a

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...

in the palm family Arecaceae, distributed across

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

, from southern

India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...

and

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

east to

Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no ...

and northernmost

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...

, Australia. It was long considered a member of subfamily

Arecoideae The Arecaceae is a family of perennial flowering plants in the monocot order Arecales. Their growth form can be climbers, shrubs, tree-like and stemless plants, all commonly known as palms. Those having a tree-like form are called palm tree ...

on the basis of its

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed ...

s, which resemble those of tribe

Iriarteeae Iriarteeae is a palm tribe in the subfamily Arecoideae. Genera Iriarteeae includes the following genera: *''Dictyocaryum'' *''Iriartea'' *''Iriartella'' *''Socratea'' *''Wettinia'' See also * List of Arecaceae genera References External link ...

, and the flowers arranged in triads (two male flowers with a central female flower), which are common across Arecoideae. However,

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

studies based on DNA repeatedly link Caryoteae to subfamily

Coryphoideae The Coryphoideae is one of five subfamilies in the palm family, Arecaceae. It contains all of the genera with palmate leaves, excepting '' Mauritia'', '' Mauritiella'' and '' Lepidocaryum,'' all of subfamily Calamoideae, tribe Lepidocaryeae, su ...

. Caryoteae do have leaves with induplicate folds, a feature found in most Coryphoid palms, but unlike most Coryphoideae, the leaves are pinnate ('' Arenga'', '' Wallichia'') or bipinnate (''

Caryota ''Caryota'' is a genus of palm trees. They are often known as fishtail palms because of the shape of their leaves. There are about 13 species native to Asia ( China, India, Indonesia, etc.), northern Australia, and the South Pacific. One of th ...

''). ''Phoenix'' is the only other Coryphoid genus with induplicate, pinnate leaves.

Genera

It contains three

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial ...

: * '' Arenga'' * ''

'' * '' Wallichia''

Gallery

File:Caryota mitis0.jpg, The bipinnate leaves of ''Caryota mitis'' File:Caryota mitis 20zz.jpg, ''Caryota'' flowers are arranged in triads File:Caryota Urens Flora.JPG, ''Caryota urens'' flowers at anthesis File:Caryota mitis 28zz.jpg, The fruits of ''Caryota mitis'' File:Arenga engleri.jpg, Fruits of ''Arenga engleri'' File:Arenga wightii (5661641740).jpg, ''Arenga'' leaves are pinnate File:Arenga undulatifolia 16zz.jpg, Leaves of ''Arenga undulatifolia'' - note the praemorse margins File:Arenga engleri (Maria Serena).jpg, Young specimen of ''Arenga engleri'' File:Wallichia disticha 3zz.jpg, ''Wallichia disticha'' leaves are arranged in two ranks File:Arecales - Wallichia oblongifolia - 2.jpg, The flowers of ''Wallichia oblongifolia''

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q1723074 Monocot tribes