Carroll Smith-Rosenberg
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Carroll Smith-Rosenberg is an American academic and author who is the
Mary Frances Berry Mary Frances Berry (born February 17, 1938) is an American historian, writer, lawyer, activist and professor who focuses on U.S. constitutional and legal, African-American history. Berry is the Geraldine R. Segal Professor of American Social Thou ...
Collegiate Professor of History,
American Culture The culture of the United States encompasses various social behaviors, institutions, and Social norm, norms, including forms of Languages of the United States, speech, American literature, literature, Music of the United States, music, Visual a ...
, and Women's Studies, emerita, at the
University of Michigan The University of Michigan (U-M, U of M, or Michigan) is a public university, public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest institution of higher education in the state. The University of Mi ...
,
Ann Arbor Ann Arbor is a city in Washtenaw County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The 2020 United States census, 2020 census recorded its population to be 123,851, making it the List of municipalities in Michigan, fifth-most populous cit ...
. Smith-Rosenberg is known for her scholarship in U.S.
women's A woman is an adult female human. Before adulthood, a female child or adolescent is referred to as a girl. Typically, women are of the female sex and inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and women with functional uteruses ...
and
gender history Gender history is a sub-field of history and gender studies, which looks at the past from the perspective of gender. It is in many ways, an outgrowth of women's history. The discipline considers in what ways historical events and periodization im ...
, and for her contributions to developing interdisciplinary programs and international scholarly networks addressing women's history, gender studies, the
history of sexuality ''The History of Sexuality'' () is a four-volume study of sexuality in the Western world by the French historian and philosopher Michel Foucault, in which the author examines the emergence of "sexuality" as a discursive object and separate spher ...
, and cultural and Atlantic studies. Smith-Rosenberg's article, "The Female World of Love and Ritual", has been described as creating "a template for how feminists could literally make history" (Potter, 2015). Her article "Discovering the Subject of the Great Constitutional Debate", was awarded the Binkley-Stephenson Award by the
Organization of American Historians The Organization of American Historians (OAH), formerly known as the Mississippi Valley Historical Association, is the largest professional society dedicated to the teaching and study of American history. OAH's members in the U.S. and abroad incl ...
in 1993. Smith-Rosenberg's book, ''This Violent Empire: The Birth of an American National Identity'', won a Choice Award for Distinguished Scholarly Book in 2011.


Early life and education

Smith-Rosenberg was born in
Yonkers, New York Yonkers () is the List of municipalities in New York, third-most populous city in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York and the most-populous City (New York), city in Westchester County, New York, Westchester County. A centrally locate ...
, March 15, 1936, to Carroll Smith and Angela Haug Smith. She grew up near
Yankee Stadium Yankee Stadium is a baseball stadium located in the Bronx in New York City. It is the home field of Major League Baseball’s New York Yankees and New York City FC of Major League Soccer. The stadium opened in April 2009, replacing the Yankee S ...
, in the
Bronx The Bronx ( ) is the northernmost of the five Boroughs of New York City, boroughs of New York City, coextensive with Bronx County, in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. It shares a land border with Westchester County, New York, West ...
. Her heritage included a Caribbean grandfather, two centuries of slave-holding ancestors, and "on both sides, Irish grandmothers who didn't speak to one another" (Smith-Rosenberg, 2007). Smith-Rosenberg obtained a BA from the
Connecticut College for Women Connecticut College (Conn) is a private liberal arts college in New London, Connecticut. Originally chartered as Thames College, it was founded in 1911 as the state's only women's college, a response to Wesleyan University having closed its doors ...
(1957) and her MA (1958) and PhD (1968) from
Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...
, where she worked with
Richard Hofstadter Richard Hofstadter (August 6, 1916October 24, 1970) was an American historian and public intellectual of the mid-20th century. Hofstadter was the DeWitt Clinton Professor of American History at Columbia University. Rejecting his earlier historic ...
and Robert Cross (Smith-Rosenberg, 1971). From 1972 to 1975 Smith-Rosenberg held a post-doctoral fellowship in psychiatry at the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania, where she also taught.


Scholarship


Early scholarship

Smith-Rosenberg has described her scholarly career trajectory as "built around forty years of university teaching, scholarly friends around the world, and ... an increasingly progressive political vision" (Smith-Rosenberg, 2007). She said that the political
feminism Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideology, ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social gender equality, equality of the sexes. Feminism holds the position that modern soci ...
of the 1960s led her to reshape the questions she asked and to push the boundaries of both the methods and the conceptual frameworks of traditional history (Smith-Rosenberg, 1985, p. 11). Smith-Rosenberg's principal goal was:
to so redefine the canons of traditional history that the events and processes central to women's experience assume historic centrality, and women are recognized as active agents of social change. (DuBois et al., 1980, pp. 56–57)
According to Smith-Rosenberg, her early scholarship focused on problems of
urban poverty Poverty is a state or condition in which an individual lacks the financial resources and essentials for a basic standard of living. Poverty can have diverse Biophysical environmen ...
in Victorian America and the ways in which an emerging
bourgeois The bourgeoisie ( , ) are a class of business owners, merchants and wealthy people, in general, which emerged in the Late Middle Ages, originally as a "middle class" between the peasantry and Aristocracy (class), aristocracy. They are tradition ...
elite attempted to understand and contain them (Smith-Rosenberg, 1985, p. 20). Smith-Rosenberg's first book, ''Religion and the Rise of the American City'', was published in 1971. The book contained a study of the American Female Moral Reform Society, which she termed a "uniquely female institution" (Smith-Rosenberg, 1985, p. 11), During her research, Smith-Rosenberg, said that she discovered a passionate 40-year correspondence between two women. Suddenly, Smith-Rosenberg has recalled, "everywhere I looked, the private papers of ordinary women beckoned" (Smith-Rosenberg, 1985, p. 27).


"The Female World of Love and Ritual"

In 1975 Smith-Rosenberg published the article, "The Female World of Love and Ritual: Relations between Women in Nineteenth-Century America". It was presented at the second Berkshire Conference on the History of Women (Melosh, 1990), and published as the lead article in the first-ever issue of '' Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society'' (1975). * Barbara Melosh called the article one of the most frequently cited in the scholarship on
women's history Women's history is the study of the role that Woman, women have played in history and Historiography, the methods required to do so. It includes the study of the history of the growth of woman's rights, women's rights throughout recorded history, ...
and one of the first and most influential explorations of the history of
lesbian A lesbian is a homosexual woman or girl. The word is also used for women in relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior, regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexu ...
ism, notable for placing female sexuality within the larger context of gender construction (Melosh, 1990). * According to Linda Kerber, the separation of
gender role A gender role, or sex role, is a social norm deemed appropriate or desirable for individuals based on their gender or sex. Gender roles are usually centered on conceptions of masculinity and femininity. The specifics regarding these gendered ...
s between women and men and resultant sexual patterns had been previously described only in terms of subordination and
victimization Victimisation ( or victimization) is the state or process of being victimised or becoming a victim. The field that studies the process, rates, incidence, effects, and prevalence of victimisation is called victimology. Peer victimisation Peer ...
. Smith-Rosenberg's article, however, "offered a striking reinterpretation of the possibilities of separation" (Kerber, 1997, p. 166) * As historian Claire Bond Potter pointed out to the
Organization of American Historians The Organization of American Historians (OAH), formerly known as the Mississippi Valley Historical Association, is the largest professional society dedicated to the teaching and study of American history. OAH's members in the U.S. and abroad incl ...
(2015), "when feminist scholarship began to move definitively away from a movement context and women's history became a multi-generational project, this article traveled in a way that few have" (see also Rupp, 2000).


Other publications

Smith-Rosenberg went on to publish numerous articles addressing sexuality and gender relations in nineteenth-century America, many of which were collected in her second book, ''Disorderly Conduct: Visions of Gender in Victorian America'' (1985). Discussing the collection in ''
The New York Times Book Review ''The New York Times Book Review'' (''NYTBR'') is a weekly paper-magazine supplement to the Sunday edition of ''The New York Times'' in which current non-fiction and fiction books are reviewed. It is one of the most influential and widely rea ...
'',
Elizabeth Janeway Elizabeth Janeway (née Hall) (October 7, 1913 – January 15, 2005) was an American author and critic. Biography Born Elizabeth Ames Hall in Brooklyn, New York, her naval architect father and homemaker mother fell on hard times during the ...
(1985) wrote that "few historians have used the stream of myth and history so productively"; the book, she noted, "suggests a restructuring of the way we see history by presenting the reactions of men and women to the shock of industrial upheaval, and the interplay between their variant visions".


New Family planning group

In the 1980s Smith-Rosenberg was one of the principal organizers of the New Family and New Woman Research Planning Group. The group brought together feminist scholars from the U.S., the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Italy. The planning group "believed we had a historical mandate to identify new domains, create new institutions, or try to carve out places for ourselves in areas that had previously excluded, devalued, and ignored us" (Friedlander et al., 1986). The group's activities resulted in the volume, ''Women in Culture and Politics: A Century of Change'' (1986), edited by
Judith Friedlander Judith Friedlander is a professor of anthropology at Hunter College in New York City. She is the acting director of Academic Programs and former Dean of Roosevelt House, as well as the former dean of The New School. Anthropology Friedlander rece ...
,
Blanche Wiesen Cook Blanche Wiesen Cook (born April 20, 1941 in New York City) is a historian and professor of history. She is a recipient of the Bill Whitehead Award. Books Cook is the author of a three-volume biography about Eleanor Roosevelt: ''Eleanor Rooseve ...
,
Alice Kessler-Harris Alice Kessler-Harris (June 2, 1941, Leicester) is R. Gordon Hoxie Professor Emerita of American History at Columbia University, and former president of the Organization of American Historians, and specialist in the American Labor movement, labor an ...
, and Smith-Rosenberg.


''This Violent Empire''

In 2010, Smith-Rosenberg published ''This Violent Empire: The Birth of an American National Identity''. * The book explores the question, "Why did a nation of immigrants, a people who see themselves as a model for democracies around the world, embrace a culture of violence?" Smith-Rosenberg traces this culture of violence "to the very processes by which the founding generation struggled to create a coherent national identity in the face of deep-seated ethnic, racial, religious, and regional divisions" (Common-Place, 2011). * in the book, Smith-Rosenberg argues that America's founders consolidated a national sense of self by describing a series of "Others", including
African Americans African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa ...
, Native Americans, women, and those without property, whose differences from the country's founders overshadowed the differences that divided the founders themselves. The result, she argues, is an American national identity subject to xenophobia, racism and paranoia (Smith-Rosenberg, 2011). * Reviewers have noted that, although its focus is on early U.S. history, the book speaks powerfully to U.S. political and cultural issues in a
post-9/11 The post-9/11 period is the time after the September 11 attacks, characterized by heightened suspicion of non-Americans in the United States, increased government efforts to address terrorism, and a more aggressive American foreign policy. Some ...
world (see, for example, Hansen, 2011; Jeffers, 2011). Her latest book project both continues Smith-Rosenberg's interest in American "Others" and reaches back to her own
Caribbean The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America ...
heritage. The project explores the concept of modern citizenship as emerging from intense interactions among four violent events in the Atlantic world: the U.S.,
French French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), ...
, Haitian and Irish revolutions. It
focuses on the complex triangulation of race, slavery, and gender, using them to examine the contradictions and ambivalence lying at the heart of both citizenship and, most especially, of liberal political thought. (Aspen Institute, n.d.)


Teaching

Smith-Rosenberg began her teaching career at the
University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (Penn or UPenn) is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. One of nine colonial colleges, it was chartered in 1755 through the efforts of f ...
in the 1960s when few women found positions in
Ivy League The Ivy League is an American collegiate List of NCAA conferences, athletic conference of eight Private university, private Research university, research universities in the Northeastern United States. It participates in the National Collegia ...
institutions, teaching initially as an adjunct in the School of General Studies. In 1972 she became an
assistant professor Assistant professor is an academic rank just below the rank of an associate professor used in universities or colleges, mainly in the United States, Canada, Japan, and South Korea. Overview This position is generally taken after earning a doct ...
in both the psychiatry and the history departments of the university. At Penn she founded and served as an early director of the university's Women's Studies Program (1982–1995). From 1996 until her retirement in 2008 Smith-Rosenberg taught at the
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor The University of Michigan (U-M, U of M, or Michigan) is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest institution of higher education in the state. The University of Michigan is one of th ...
, where she is the Mary Frances Berry Collegiate Professor of History, American Culture, and Women's Studies (emerita). At Michigan, she served as graduate chair of the American Culture Program and director of the Atlantic Studies Initiative, which she helped establish. She has also been a
visiting scholar In academia, a visiting scholar, visiting scientist, visiting researcher, visiting fellow, visiting lecturer, or visiting professor is a scholar from an institution who visits a host university to teach, lecture, or perform research on a topic fo ...
at academic institutions, including
Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...
,
New York University New York University (NYU) is a private university, private research university in New York City, New York, United States. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded in 1832 by Albert Gallatin as a Nondenominational ...
, the
City University of New York The City University of New York (CUNY, pronounced , ) is the Public university, public university system of Education in New York City, New York City. It is the largest urban university system in the United States, comprising 25 campuses: eleven ...
Graduate Center, and the Ecole des Hautes Etudes des Sciences Sociales, Paris.


Major publications

* "Bodies". In Catharine R. Stimpson & Gilbert Herdt (Eds.), ''Critical Terms for the Study of Gender'', 21 – 40. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2014. * ''This Violent Empire: The Birth of an American National Identity''. Williamsburg, VA: Omahonda Institute of Early American History and Culture, University of North Carolina Press, 2010. * ''Surrogate Americans: Masculinity, Masquerade, and the Formation of a National Identity''. PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 119 No. 5 (October 2004). * "Black gothic: Race, gender and the construction of the American middle class". In Robert St. George (Ed.), ''Possible Pasts: Becoming Colonial in Early America'', 243 – 269. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000. * "Political camp or the ambiguous engendering of the American Republic". In Catherine Hall, Ida Bloom & Karen Hagermann (Eds.), ''Gendered Nations: Nationalisms and Gender Order in the Long Nineteenth Century'', 271–292. New York: Bloomsbury Academic Press, 2000. * "Captive colonizers: Ambivalence and an emerging 'American identity. In Catherine Hall (Ed.), Gender and History: Special issue on gender, nationalism and national identity, 177 – 195. ''Gender and History'' 5 (Summer 1993). * "Dis-Covering the subject of the 'Great Constitutional Discussion. ''Journal of American History'' 79 No. 3 (December 1992), 841–873. * "Discourses of sexuality and subjectivity: The New Woman, 1870 – 1936". In Martin Duberman, Martha Vicinus, & George Chauncey, Jr. (Eds.), ''Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay & Lesbian Past'', 264–280. New York: New American Library, 1989. * "The body politic". In Elizabeth Weed (Ed.), ''Coming to Terms: Feminism, Theory, Politics'', 101–121. New York and London: Routledge, 1989. * "Domesticating virtue: Rebels and coquettes in young America". In Elaine Scarry (Ed.), ''Literature and the Body'', 160–184. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988. * Judith Friedlander, Blanche Wiesen Cook, Alice Kessler-Harris, & Carroll Smith-Rosenberg (Eds.) ''Women in Culture and Politics: A Century of Change''. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1986. * ''Disorderly Conduct: Visions of Gender in Victorian America''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. * Ellen DuBois, MariJo Buhle, Temma Kaplan, Gerda Lerner & Carroll-Smith Rosenberg, "Politics and culture in women's history: A symposium". ''Feminist Studies'' 6, no. 1 (Spring 1980), 56–57. * "The female world of love and ritual". ''Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society'' 1, no. 1, 1975, 1–30. * ''Religion and the Rise of the American City: The New York City Mission Movement 1812 – 1870''. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1971. * "Beauty, the beast, and the militant woman". ''American Quarterly'' 23 (1971),


Academic appointments

* University of Michigan, Mary Frances Berry Collegiate Professor of History, American Culture and Women's Studies (emerita) *
University of Cagliari The University of Cagliari () is a public research university in Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy. It was founded in 1606 and is organized in 11 faculties. History The ''Studium Generalis Kalaritanum'' was founded in 1606 along the lines of the old ...
, Italy, visiting professor, 2011; 2015. * Columbia University, Institute of African Studies, visiting professor, 2013 *
New York University New York University (NYU) is a private university, private research university in New York City, New York, United States. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded in 1832 by Albert Gallatin as a Nondenominational ...
, visiting professor, fall 2010 * Graduate Center,
City University of New York The City University of New York (CUNY, pronounced , ) is the Public university, public university system of Education in New York City, New York City. It is the largest urban university system in the United States, comprising 25 campuses: eleven ...
, visiting professor, 2006–2010 * Director, Atlantic Studies Initiative, University of Michigan, 1999, 2006, 2007–2008 * Graduate Chair, American Culture Program, University of Michigan, 1997–2002, 2006 * Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, visiting professor, winter 2004 * University of Pennsylvania, Department of History and Psychiatry Department, 1971–1995 * Trustees' Council of Penn Women, professor in the humanities, University of Pennsylvania, 1985–1995 * Director, Women's Studies Program, University of Pennsylvania, 1982–1995 *
University of Canterbury The University of Canterbury (UC; ; postnominal abbreviation ''Cantuar.'' or ''Cant.'' for ''Cantuariensis'', the Latin name for Canterbury) is a public research university based in Christchurch, New Zealand. It was founded in 1873 as Canterbur ...
, New Zealand, visiting professor, 1989 *
Free University of Berlin The Free University of Berlin (, often abbreviated as FU Berlin or simply FU) is a public university, public research university in Berlin, Germany. It was founded in West Berlin in 1948 with American support during the early Cold War period a ...
, visiting professor, 1979 – 1980


Research fellowships

*Michigan Humanities Fellowship, University of Michigan, 2000 *Distinguished Visiting Scholar, Center for the Study of Ideas and Society, University of California, Riverside, 1998 *Fellow, Rockefeller Conference Center, Bellagio, Italy, 1993 * Guggenheim Foundation Fellow, 1990–1991 *
American Council of Learned Societies The American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS) is a private, nonprofit federation of 75 scholarly organizations in the humanities and related social sciences founded in 1919. It is best known for its fellowship competitions which provide a ra ...
, research fellowship, 1989 *Fellow, Institute of Advanced Studies, Princeton, 1987–1988 *
Rockefeller Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation is an American private foundation and philanthropic medical research and arts funding organization based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City. The foundation was created by Standard Oil magnate John D. Rockefeller (" ...
, research fellowship, 1981 *American Council of Learned Societies, research fellowship, 1981 *
American Antiquarian Society The American Antiquarian Society (AAS), located in Worcester, Massachusetts, is both a learned society and a national research library of pre-twentieth-century American history and culture. Founded in 1812, it is the oldest historical society in ...
, research fellow, 1976–1977 *
National Endowment for the Humanities The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent federal agency of the U.S. government, established by thNational Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965(), dedicated to supporting research, education, preserv ...
(international conference director), 1975–1977 * Radcliff Institute, Harvard University, research fellow, 1975–1976 *Ford Foundation, research fellow, 1975–1976 *
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development The ''Eunice Kennedy Shriver'' National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) is one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States Department of Health and Human Services. It supports and conducts research ai ...
, psychiatry fellow, 1972–1975 *The Grant Foundation, research fellowship, 1970–1972 *
National Institute of Mental Health The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is one of 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH, in turn, is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is the primar ...
, research grant, 1969–1970 *Social Science Research Council, pre-doctoral research training fellowship, 1961–1962


Awards and prizes

* Top 25 Academic Books Award for ''This Violent Empire'', 2011 * John D'Arms Faculty Award for Distinguished Graduate Mentoring in the Humanities, University of Michigan, 2003 * The R. Jean Brownlee Award, for Distinguished Service, University of Pennsylvania, 2003 *
Organization of American Historians The Organization of American Historians (OAH), formerly known as the Mississippi Valley Historical Association, is the largest professional society dedicated to the teaching and study of American history. OAH's members in the U.S. and abroad incl ...
Binkley-Stephenson Award for "Dis-Covering the Subject of the 'Great Constitutional Discussion. ''
Journal of American History ''The Journal of American History'' is the quarterly official academic journal of the Organization of American Historians. It covers the field of American history and was established in 1914 as the ''Mississippi Valley Historical Review'', the o ...
'', 1993 * Berkshire Conference of Women Historians, Prize for the best article for "Domesticating Virtue", 1988 * Organization of American Historians Binkley-Stephenson Award for "The Female Animal", 1973 * Prize for best article, "Beauty, the Beast and the Militant Woman", ''
American Quarterly ''American Quarterly'' is an academic journal and the official publication of the American Studies Association. The journal covers topics of both domestic and international concern in the United States and is considered a leading resource in th ...
'', 1971 *
Phi Beta Kappa The Phi Beta Kappa Society () is the oldest academic honor society in the United States. It was founded in 1776 at the College of William & Mary in Virginia. Phi Beta Kappa aims to promote and advocate excellence in the liberal arts and sciences, ...
, Connecticut College for Women, 1957


References

* Claire Bond Potter, "The female academic's world of love and ritual: Women's history and radical feminism". Paper presented to the Organization of American Historians, St Louis, MO, April 17, 2015. * Carroll Smith-Rosenberg, remarks at the 50th reunion, Connecticut College, June 2, 2007 * Carroll Smith-Rosenberg, ''Religion and the Rise of the American City: The New York City Mission Movement 1812 – 1870'' (Cornell University Press, 1971). * Carroll Smith-Rosenberg, ''Disorderly Conduct: Visions of Gender in Victorian America'' (Oxford University Press, 1985). * Ellen DuBois, MariJo Buhle, Temma Kaplan, Gerda Lerner & Carroll-Smith Rosenberg, "Politics and culture in women's history: A symposium", ''Feminist Studies'' 6, no. 1 (Spring 1980). * Barbara Melosh, "Recovery and revision: Women's history and West Virginia", Volume 49 of ''West Virginia History'', 1990. Volume 1, No. 1, Autumn 1975. * Linda K. Kerber, "Separate spheres, female worlds, women's place: The rhetoric of women's history", in Kerber, ''Toward an Intellectual History of Women: Essays'' (University of North Carolina Press, 1997), p. 166. * Lila Rupp, "Women's history in the New Millenium: Carroll Smith-Rosenberg's 'The female world of love and ritual' after twenty-five years", ''Journal of Women's History'' vol. 12 no. 3 (Autumn 2000), 8. * Elizabeth Janeway, "New women, new problems", review of ''Disorderly Conduct'' in ''The New York Times Book Review'', August 25, 1985. * Foreword to ''Women in Culture and Politics: A Century of Change'', edited by Judith Friedlander, Blanche Wiesen Cook, Alice Kessler-Harris, and Carroll Smith-Rosenberg (Indiana University Press, 1986). * Carroll Smith-Rosenberg, ''This Violent Empire: The Birth of an American National Identity'' (Omahonda Institute of Early American History and Culture, University of North Carolina Press, 2010). * "Ask the author", ''
Common-Place The American Antiquarian Society (AAS), located in Worcester, Massachusetts, is both a learned society and a national research library of pre-twentieth-century American history and culture. Founded in 1812, it is the oldest historical society in ...
'', vol. 12 no. 1, October 2011. * "Reviews of ''This Violent Empire'' by Jonathan Hansen", ''American Historical Review'', April 2011; Joshua Jeffers in Essays in History, 2011. * The Aspen Institute, ADS Works: Carroll-Smith Rosenberg (http://www.aspeninstitute.org/policy-works/fellows/carroll-smith-rosenberg) * University of Pennsylvania (http://www.sas.upenn.edu/gsws/content/carroll-smith-rosenberg) * University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (http://www.las.umich.edu/history/people/ci.smithrosenbergcarroll) * Philip Deloria, comments at "Taking the Atlantic World Turn: A Symposium in Honor of Carroll Smith-Rosenberg", December 4, 2002. {{DEFAULTSORT:Smith-Rosenberg, Carroll American feminists American women academics 1936 births Living people 21st-century American women