Charles Auguste Émile Durand, known as Carolus-Duran (4 July 1837 – 17 February 1917), was a French painter and art instructor. He is noted for his stylish depictions of members of

high society High society, sometimes simply Society, is the behavior and lifestyle of people with the highest levels of wealth, power, fame and social status. It includes their related affiliations, social events and practices. Upscale social clubs were open ...

in Third Republic France.

Biography

The son of a hotel owner, his first drawing lessons were with a local sculptor named Augustin-Phidias Cadet de Beaupré (1800–?) at the Académie de Lille; then took up painting with François Souchon, a student of

Jacques-Louis David Jacques-Louis David (; 30 August 1748 – 29 December 1825) was a French painter in the Neoclassicism, Neoclassical style, considered to be the preeminent painter of the era. In the 1780s, his cerebral brand of history painting marked a change in ...

. He went to Paris in 1853, where he adopted the name "Carolus-Duran". In 1859, he had his first exhibition at the

Salon Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon A beauty salon or beauty parlor is an establishment that provides Cosmetics, cosmetic treatments for people. Other variations of this type of business include hair salons, spas, day spas, ...

. That same year, he began attending the Académie Suisse, where he studied until 1861. One of his early influences was the Realism of

Gustave Courbet Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet ( ; ; ; 10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and the ...

. From 1862 to 1866, he travelled to Rome and Spain, thanks to a scholarship granted by his hometown. During that time, he moved away from Courbet's style and became more interested in

Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptised 6 June 15996 August 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the Noble court, court of King Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He i ...

. Upon returning to France, he was awarded his first gold medal at the Salon. His picture "Murdered", or "The Assassination" (1866), was one of his first successes, but he became best known afterwards as a portrait-painter, and as the head of one of the principal

atelier An atelier () is the private workshop or studio of a professional artist in the fine or decorative arts or an architect, where a principal master and a number of assistants, students, and apprentices can work together producing fine art or vi ...

s in Paris, where some of the most brilliant artists of a later generation were his pupils. In 1867, he became one of the nine members of the "Société Japonaise du Jinglar" (a type of wine); a group that included

Henri Fantin-Latour Henri Fantin-Latour (; 14 January 1836 – 25 August 1904) was a French painter and lithographer best known for his flower paintings and group portraits of Parisian artists and writers. Early life Born in Grenoble, Isère, Ignace Henri Jean Th� ...

Félix Bracquemond Félix Henri Bracquemond (; 22 May 1833 – 29 October 1914) was a French painter, etcher, and printmaker. He played a key role in the revival of printmaking, encouraging artists such as Édouard Manet, Edgar Degas and Camille Pissarro to use ...

and Marc-Louis Solon. They would meet once a month in

Sèvres Sèvres (, ) is a French Communes of France, commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris. It is located from the Kilometre zero, centre of Paris, in the Hauts-de-Seine department of the Île-de-France region. The commune, which had a populatio ...

for a dinner "à la Japonaise". He married , a pastellist and miniaturist who had posed for his painting "The Lady in Gloves" in 1869. They had three children. Their eldest daughter, Marie-Anne, married the playwright

Georges Feydeau Georges-Léon-Jules-Marie Feydeau (; 8 December 1862 – 5 June 1921) was a French playwright of the Belle Époque era, remembered for his farces, written between 1886 and 1914. Feydeau was born in Paris to middle-class parents and raised in a ...

. After 1870, he devoted himself almost entirely to portraits. While many of his paintings depicted wealthy patrons in elegant clothing, he also notably painted a portrait of his gardener which stands in contrast to his other works in its loose strokes and earth tones. His success allowed him to open a studio on the Boulevard du Montparnasse, where he also gave painting lessons. He was named a Knight in the

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...

in 1872; being promoted to Officer in 1878, Commander in 1889 and Grand Officer in 1900. In 1889 and 1900 he served on the juries at the Expositions Universelles. In 1890, he was one of the co-founders of the second Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts and he was elected a member of the in 1904. The following year, he was appointed Director of the

French Academy in Rome The French Academy in Rome (, ) is an academy located in the Villa Medici, within the Villa Borghese, on the Pincio (Pincian Hill) in Rome, Italy. History The Academy was founded at the Palazzo Capranica in 1666 by Louis XIV under the dire ...

, a position he held until 1913.He was a frequent visitor to the resort at

Fréjus Fréjus (; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Var (department), Var Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region in Southeastern France. It neighbours Saint-Raphaël, Var, Saint-Raphaël ...

, where he owned a small villa. Following his death at age 79, the resort named a plaza and a beach after him.

Pupils

His pupils reportedly included

John Singer Sargent John Singer Sargent (; January 12, 1856 – April 15, 1925) was an American expatriate artist, considered the "leading portrait painter of his generation" for his evocations of Edwardian era, Edwardian-era luxury. He created roughly 900 oil ...

, Irving Ramsey Wiles, Ralph Wormeley Curtis, Francis Brooks Chadwick, Emma Chadwick Jan Stanisławski (painter), Kenyon Cox Theodore Robinson, Mariquita Jenny Moberly. Mariette Leslie Cotton, Maximilien Luce, James Carroll Beckwith, Will Hicok Low, Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low, Alexandre Jean-Baptiste Brun, Robert Alan Mowbray Stevenson, Lucy Lee-Robbins, Ramón Casas i Carbó, Ernest Ange Duez and James CadenheadMowat, Alison (Ed.) (2013), ''James Cadenhead RSA RSW 1858 - 1927: His Letters Home as a Young Man'', Alison Mowat, pp. 98-100 Carolus-Duran - Danae

Selected works

File:Madame Henry Fouquier, by Carolus Duran.jpg, ''Madame Henry Fouquier''
(1876) File:Carolus-Duran - Portrait of Edouard Manet.jpg, ''

Édouard Manet Édouard Manet (, ; ; 23 January 1832 – 30 April 1883) was a French Modernism, modernist painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, as well as a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism (art movement), R ...

'' (1880) File:Anna Gould.jpg, ''

Anna Gould Anna Gould (June 5, 1875 – November 30, 1961) was an American socialite and heiress as a daughter of financier Jay Gould. Early life Anna Gould was born on June 5, 1875, in New York City. She was the daughter of Jay Gould (1836–1892) and ...

'' File:Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg, ''

Natalie Clifford Barney Natalie Clifford Barney (October 31, 1876 – February 2, 1972) was an American writer who hosted a salon (gathering), literary salon at her home in Paris that brought together French and international writers. She influenced other authors thro ...

at age ten'' (ca. 1886–1887) File:Emile Auguste Carolus-Duran - The Artist's Daughter, Marie-Anne.JPG, ''The Artist's Daughter,
Marie-Anne'' (1874) File:Madame Ernest Feydeau, by Carolus Duran.jpg, Marie-Anne as ''Madame Feydeau'' (1897) File:G Feydeau Carolus-Duran Lille 2918.jpg, ''

''
(ca. 1900) File:Brooklyn Museum - Portrait of Emily Warren Roebling - Charles-Émile-Auguste Carolus-Duran.jpg, ''Portrait of Emily Warren Roebling'' (ca. 1896),

Brooklyn Museum The Brooklyn Museum is an art museum in the New York City borough (New York City), borough of Brooklyn. At , the museum is New York City's second largest and contains an art collection with around 500,000 objects. Located near the Prospect Heig ...

File:Carolus-Duran - Merrymakers (1870).jpg, ''Merrymakers''
(1870) File:Carolus-Duran, 1868 - Le baiser.jpg, ''Le Baiser (The Kiss)''
(1868) Self-portrait with his wife as newlyweds. File:Mademoiselle de Lancey, by Carolus-Duran.jpg, ''Mademoiselle de Lancey'' File:Carolus-Duran - Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette.JPG, ''Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette'' (1873) File:Scribner's magazine (1887) (14801544383).jpg, ''The Poet with the

Mandolin A mandolin (, ; literally "small mandola") is a Chordophone, stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is generally Plucked string instrument, plucked with a plectrum, pick. It most commonly has four Course (music), courses of doubled St ...

'' (1887) File:Carolus-Duran Retrato de D. Maria Pia.jpg, '' Maria Pia of Savoy'', Queen of Portugal (1883) File:Carolus-Duran - Spanish Woman.jpg, ''Spanish Woman (Portrait of Eva Gonzalès?)'' (1876), oil on panel,

Clark Art Institute The Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, commonly referred to as the Clark, is an art museum and research institution located in Williamstown, Massachusetts, Williamstown, Massachusetts, United States. Its collection consists of European ...

References

Attribution: *

External links

Paintings of Carolus-Duran on Insecula
* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Carolus-Duran 1837 births 1917 deaths 19th-century French painters 20th-century French male artists 20th-century French painters French male painters French portrait painters Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour Members of the Académie des beaux-arts Members of the Ligue de la patrie française Artists from Lille Painters from Hauts-de-France 19th-century French male artists