Carlo Troya (also spelled Troja; 7 June 1784 – 28 July 1858) was a historian and politician who served as

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

of the

Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies () was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1861 under the control of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, a cadet branch of the Bourbons. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and land are ...

from 3 April 1848 until 15 May 1848. Politically, he was a liberal Neo-Guelph who supported

Italian unification The unification of Italy ( ), also known as the Risorgimento (; ), was the 19th century political and social movement that in 1861 ended in the annexation of various states of the Italian peninsula and its outlying isles to the Kingdom of ...

. His primary historical interest was the study of the

Early Middle Ages The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages (historiography), Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century. They marked the start o ...

, to which he made lasting contributions.

Biography

Born in

Naples Naples ( ; ; ) is the Regions of Italy, regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 908,082 within the city's administrative limits as of 2025, while its Metropolitan City of N ...

, Troya was the son of Michele Troja and the brother of Ferdinando Troya ( it). Master of Law, he was involved in 1820–1821 Neapolitan insurrections: holding the position of

Basilicata Basilicata (, ; ), also known by its ancient name Lucania (, , ), is an administrative region in Southern Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south. It has two coastlines: a 30-kilometr ...

Intendant An intendant (; ; ) was, and sometimes still is, a public official, especially in France, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. The intendancy system was a centralizing administrative system developed in France. In the War of the Spanish Success ...

, he worked for the liberal review “Minerva napolitana”, reason why he was sent into exile from 1824 to 1826. Back in Naples, without completely abandoning his political activity, he devoted his time to historical research in particular on the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...

and

Dante Dante Alighieri (; most likely baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri; – September 14, 1321), widely known mononymously as Dante, was an Italian Italian poetry, poet, writer, and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', originally called ...

biography (''Del Veltro allegorico di Dante'').''Veltro'' is an Italian

word for ''

Greyhound The English Greyhound, or simply the Greyhound, is a dog breed, breed of dog, a sighthound which has been bred for coursing, greyhound racing and hunting. Some are kept as show dogs or pets. Greyhounds are defined as a tall, muscular, smooth-c ...

'' As historian he was the first who wrote about

Jordanes Jordanes (; Greek language, Greek: Ιορδάνης), also written as Jordanis or Jornandes, was a 6th-century Eastern Roman bureaucrat, claimed to be of Goths, Gothic descent, who became a historian later in life. He wrote two works, one on R ...

confusion between

Goths The Goths were a Germanic people who played a major role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of medieval Europe. They were first reported by Graeco-Roman authors in the 3rd century AD, living north of the Danube in what is ...

and

Getae The Getae or Getai ( or , also Getans) were a large nation who inhabited the regions to either side of the Lower Danube in what is today northern Bulgaria and southern Romania, throughout much of Classical Antiquity. The main source of informa ...

(a Getic people from

Carpathian The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians () are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe and Southeast Europe. Roughly long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at and the Scandinavian Mountains at ...

area). In 1844, he was one of the founders and president until 1847 of the ''Neapolitan Historic Society''. He was also one of the contributors of the newspaper ''Il Tempo'' founded with Saverio Baldacchini ( it). Representative of the Neo-Guelph movement, he was appointed

prime minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

on 3 April 1848 by Ferdinand II according to the Constitution granted on 11 February 1848. During the

First Italian War of Independence The First Italian War of Independence (), part of the ''Risorgimento'' or unification of Italy, was fought by the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont) and Italian volunteers against the Austrian Empire and other conse ...

, the Troya Government sent an expeditionary force of men in

Lombardia The Lombardy Region (; ) is an administrative regions of Italy, region of Italy that covers ; it is located in northern Italy and has a population of about 10 million people, constituting more than one-sixth of Italy's population. Lombardy is ...

, commanded by

Guglielmo Pepe Guglielmo Pepe (13 February 1783 – 8 August 1855) was an Italian general and patriot. He was brother to Florestano Pepe and cousin to Gabriele Pepe. He was married to Mary Ann Coventry, a Scottish woman who was the widow of John Bort ...

. On 15 May 1848, with a

coup d'état A coup d'état (; ; ), or simply a coup , is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership. A self-coup is said to take place when a leader, having come to powe ...

, Ferdinand II dissolved the democratic Parliament, dismissed Carlo Troja and replaced his Ministry with one composed exclusively of conservative elements and led by

Gennaro Spinelli di Cariati Gennaro Spinelli, prince of Cariati (14 August 1780, Naples - 3 June 1851, Naples) was an Italian politician and diplomat. He served as President of the Council of Ministers (i.e. Prime Minister) of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. He belonged to a ...

. His brother Ferdinando Troya was Ferdinand II Prime Minister from 1852 to 1859. On 29 August 1854, Carlo Troya was elected

Accademia della Crusca The (; ), generally abbreviated as La Crusca, is a Florence-based society of scholars of Italian linguistics and philology. It is one of the most important research institutions of the Italian language, as well as the oldest Academy#Linguisti ...

corresponding member. He died while living in Naples.

Carlo Troya Ministry

* Carlo Troya, President of the Council *

Marquess A marquess (; ) is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German-language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman with the rank of a marquess or the wife (or wid ...

Luigi Dragonetti Luigi (; ) is a character created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. Part of Nintendo's ''Mario'' franchise, he is a kind-hearted, cowardly Italian plumber, and the younger fraternal twin brother and sidekick of Mario. Like h ...

, External Affairs Minister *

Giovanni Vignali Giovanni may refer to: * Giovanni (name), an Italian male given name and surname * Giovanni (meteorology), a Web interface for users to analyze NASA's gridded data * ''Don Giovanni'', a 1787 opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, based on the legend of ...

, Justice and Pardons Minister *

Count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...

Pietro Ferretti, Minister of Finance *

Colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...

Vincenzo degli Uberti, Public Work Minister * Brigadier general Raffaele del Giudice, War and Military Marine Minister * Nobile

Advocate An advocate is a professional in the field of law. List of country legal systems, Different countries and legal systems use the term with somewhat differing meanings. The broad equivalent in many English law–based jurisdictions could be a ba ...

Giovanni d'Avossa, Home Affairs Minister (then, because of disease, Advocate Raffaele Conforti) * Antonio Scialoia ( it), Agriculture and Commerce Minister *

Paolo Emilio Imbriani Paolo is a masculine given name, the Italian form of the name Paul. It may refer to: People Art * Paolo Abbate (1884–1973), Italian-American sculptor * Paolo Alboni (1671–1734), Italian painter * Paolo Antonio Barbieri (1603–1649), Ital ...

( it), Education Minister * Advocate Francesco Paolo Ruggiero ( it), Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs.

Bibliography

*
Memoria sulla divisione fisica e politica delle Calabrie
', Naples, Ed. A.Trani, 1816. * ''Gondebaldo re de' Borgognoni e santo avito vescovo di Vienna sul Rodano'', Naples, 1826. * . * . * . *
Discorso intorno ad Everardo figliuolo del re Desiderio ed al vescovo Attone di Vercelli
', Naples, 1845. * . * . * .

Notes

References

External links

Accademia della Crusca Website
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Troya, Carlo 1784 births 1858 deaths 18th-century Neapolitan people Prime ministers of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 19th-century Italian historians 19th-century Neapolitan people