Carlo De Simone
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Carlo De Simone (4 March 1885 – 1951) was an officer in the
Italian Army The Italian Army ( []) is the Army, land force branch of the Italian Armed Forces. The army's history dates back to the Italian unification in the 1850s and 1860s. The army fought in colonial engagements in China and Italo-Turkish War, Libya. It ...
during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
.


Biography

During most of the East African Campaign,
Lieutenant-General Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was normall ...
De Simone commanded Italian forces in southern
Italian Somaliland Italian Somaliland (; ; ) was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia, which was ruled in the 19th century by the Sultanate of Hobyo and the Majeerteen Sultanate in the north, and by the Hiraab Imamate and ...
. However, during the Italian invasion of
British Somaliland British Somaliland, officially the Somaliland Protectorate (), was a protectorate of the United Kingdom in modern Somaliland. It was bordered by Italian Somalia, French Somali Coast and Ethiopian Empire, Abyssinia (Italian Ethiopia from 1936 ...
, De Simone commanded General Guglielmo Nasi's main "center" column. De Simone's command in Italian Somaliland included the reinforced Harar Division (XIII Colonial Brigade, XIV Colonial Brigade, and XV Colonial Brigade - amounting to eleven infantry battalions, fourteen batteries of artillery, 21 howitzer batteries, half a company of M11/39 medium tanks, a squadron of 12 L3/35 light tanks, and an armored car company. Whilst in command of these forces, De Simone won the Battle of Tug Argan, where his center column overcame a smaller
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...
army and forced them to evacuate. His forces captured
Berbera Berbera (; , ) is the capital of the Sahil, Somaliland, Sahil region of Somaliland and is the main sea port of the country, located approximately 160 km from the national capital, Hargeisa. Berbera is a coastal city and was the former capital of t ...
from the British on August 19, 1940, solidifying Italian control over Somaliland until Britain's Operation Appearance.


Command history

* Commanding Officer, 3rd Bersaglieri Regiment * Governor of Harar, Italian East Africa - 1936 * Commanding Officer, 2nd Armored Brigade - 1937 to 1939 * General Officer Commanding, 132nd Armored Division Ariete - 1939 * General Officer Commanding, Somaliland Army,
East Africa East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the Africa, African continent, distinguished by its unique geographical, historical, and cultural landscape. Defined in varying scopes, the regi ...
- 1940 to 1941 * Military Governor of British Somalia (annexed to Italian Somalia) from July 1940 to April 1941 * Governor of Italian Somalia from January 1941 to April 1941 * Prisoner of war - 1941 to 1944 * General Officer Commanding, VII Territorial Defence Command - 1945 * Prefect of
Bologna Bologna ( , , ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in northern Italy. It is the List of cities in Italy, seventh most populous city in Italy, with about 400,000 inhabitants and 150 different nationalities. Its M ...
- 1950


See also

*
Second Italo-Abyssinian War The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression waged by Italy against Ethiopia, which lasted from October 1935 to February 1937. In Ethiopia it is often referred to simply as the Ita ...
* East African Campaign (World War II) * Order of Battle, East African Campaign (World War II)


References

Italian military personnel of World War II Italian Army generals Italian prisoners of war Governors of British Somaliland 1885 births 1951 deaths {{World-War-II-bio-stub