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Carl Freiherr von Vogelsang (1 July 1900 – 4 April 1977) was a German and Liechtensteiner journalist.
In 1931 Vogelsang moved to
Early life
Vogelsang was born on 1 July 1900 inBad Wörishofen
Bad Wörishofen () is a spa town in the district of Unterallgäu in Bavaria, Germany, known for the water-cure (hydrotherapy) developed by Sebastian Kneipp (1821–1897), a Catholic priest who lived there for 42 years. Many of the resort hotels a ...
as the son of Ludwig von Vogelsang and Veronika Waibel as one of six children.
He briefly attended the Stella Matutina Jesuit school in Feldkirch before moving to Vienna
Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
where in 1917 he volunteered in the Austro-Hungarian Army
The Austro-Hungarian Army, also known as the Imperial and Royal Army,; was the principal ground force of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. It consisted of three organisations: the Common Army (, recruited from all parts of Austria-Hungary), ...
during World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
, where he served until the end of the war. He then trained as a bookbinder
Bookbinding is the process of building a book, usually in codex format, from an ordered stack of paper sheets with one's hands and tools, or in modern publishing, by a series of automated processes. Firstly, one binds the sheets of papers alon ...
in Kleve
Kleve (; traditional ; ; ; ; ; Low Rhenish: ''Kleff'') is a town in the Lower Rhine region of northwestern Germany near the Netherlands, Dutch border and the River Rhine. From the 11th century onwards, Cleves was capital of a county and lat ...
and attended the Cologne
Cologne ( ; ; ) is the largest city of the States of Germany, German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the List of cities in Germany by population, fourth-most populous city of Germany with nearly 1.1 million inhabitants in the city pr ...
art school until 1929.
Career
In 1931 Vogelsang moved to Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein (, ; ; ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein ( ), is a Landlocked country#Doubly landlocked, doubly landlocked Swiss Standard German, German-speaking microstate in the Central European Alps, between Austria in the east ...
. He founded the Scouts of Liechtenstein department in Vaduz
Vaduz (; or ; High Alemannic pronunciation: [])Hans Stricker, Toni Banzer, Herbert Hilbe: ''Liechtensteiner Namenbuch. Die Orts- und Flurnamen des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.'' Band 2: ''Die Namen der Gemeinden Triesenberg, Vaduz, Schaan.'' ...
and headed it until 1934. In 1933 he co-founded the Liechtenstein Homeland Service
Liechtenstein Homeland Service (, LHD) was a political party in Liechtenstein that advocated corporate statism and the abolition of party politics. Shortly after its founding, the party also moved towards Nazism. It merged with the Christian-Soci ...
and was the editor of the party's newspaper. After the Liechtenstein Homeland Service and Christian-Social People's Party merged to form the Patriotic Union in 1936, Vogelsang headed the editorial team of the ''Liechtensteiner Vaterland
''Liechtensteiner Vaterland'' (; lit. "Liechtenstein Fatherland") is the largest daily newspaper in Liechtenstein. Published by Vaduzer Medienhaus AG, it is the official newspaper of the Patriotic Union party.
History
In January 1936, Christi ...
''.
Vogelsang had been secretly trying to become a member of the Nazi Party
The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ( or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor ...
since 1932, when he successfully did so in 1937. In January 1937 he publicly denounced Jews living in Liechtenstein and sent numerous letters detailing them to officials in Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalit ...
. As a result, Prime Minister of Liechtenstein
The head of government of Liechtenstein (), known informally as the prime minister, is the chief executive of the Government of Liechtenstein and chairs the cabinet of Liechtenstein. They are appointed by the sovereign prince of Liechtenstein ...
Josef Hoop
Franz Josef Hoop (; 14 December 1895 – 19 October 1959) was a diplomat and politician from Liechtenstein who served as Prime Minister of Liechtenstein from 1928 to 1945. He later served as the President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 19 ...
ordered the offices of the Vaterland to be searched for any letters to be confiscated and Vogelsang promptly left the country. The majority of the Landtag of Liechtenstein
The Landtag of the Principality of Liechtenstein () is the unicameral parliament of Liechtenstein.
Qualifications
Citizens who have attained the age of 18, have permanent residency in the country and have lived in the country for at least on ...
approved of Hoop's actions, but members of the Patriotic Union called for his resignation over the issue, believing the search to be unconstitutional. Notably fellow Patriotic Union members Otto Schaedler along with Alois Vogt
Alois Vogt (19 July 1906 – 23 March 1988) was a lawyer and political figure from Liechtenstein who served as the List of heads of government of Liechtenstein, Deputy Prime Minister of Liechtenstein from 1938 to 1945. He later served in the Land ...
in an act in protest against the government publicly rejected the allegations against von Vogelsang. It was decided that two special judge
A judge is a person who wiktionary:preside, presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a judicial panel. In an adversarial system, the judge hears all the witnesses and any other Evidence (law), evidence presented by the barris ...
s would determine the legal implications of the case. Eventually, in July 1937 it was concluded by both judges that Hoop had not acted unconstitutionally by ordering the search against Vogelsang and was subsequently legally acquitted of any wrongdoing.
From Nazi Germany, Vogelsang retained contacts with the German National Movement in Liechtenstein
The German National Movement in Liechtenstein (, VDBL) was a Nazi party in Liechtenstein that existed between 1938 and 1945.
Formation and ideology
Nazi groups had existed in Liechtenstein since 1933, primarily because of the rise of Nazi Ge ...
until 1939. As World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
went on, he became less sympathetic to Nazism. After the war, he worked as a Roman Catholic journalist in West Germany
West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republi ...
.
Personal life
Vogelsang married Lotte Wegener (14 January 1915 – 19 July 1994) on 27 April 1940 and they had two children together. He died on 4 April 1977 inLübeck
Lübeck (; or ; Latin: ), officially the Hanseatic League, Hanseatic City of Lübeck (), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 220,000 inhabitants, it is the second-largest city on the German Baltic Sea, Baltic coast and the second-larg ...
, aged 76.
References