Carl Benjamin Klunzinger (18 November 1834, in

Güglingen Güglingen () is a town in the district of Heilbronn in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 18 km southwest of Heilbronn. Geography Güglingen is situated in a valley called Zabergäu in the southwest district of Heilbron ...

– 21 June 1914, in

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; ; Swabian German, Swabian: ; Alemannic German, Alemannic: ; Italian language, Italian: ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, largest city of the States of Germany, German state of ...

) was a German physician and

zoologist Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the structure, embryology, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems. Zoology is one ...

. He studied medicine at the Universities of

Tübingen Tübingen (; ) is a traditional college town, university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer (Neckar), Ammer rivers. about one in ...

and

Würzburg Würzburg (; Main-Franconian: ) is, after Nuremberg and Fürth, the Franconia#Towns and cities, third-largest city in Franconia located in the north of Bavaria. Würzburg is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. It sp ...

, afterwards attending lectures on

geology Geology (). is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth ...

and

zoology Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the anatomy, structure, embryology, Biological classification, classification, Ethology, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinction, extinct, and ...

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

and

Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...

. In 1862 he traveled to

Cairo Cairo ( ; , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, being home to more than 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, L ...

, where he spent eighteen months learning Arabic. Beginning in February 1864 he worked as a physician at Kosseir, a seaport on the

Red Sea The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. Its connection to the ocean is in the south, through the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait and the Gulf of Aden. To its north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and th ...

. Here he spent five years collecting a vast quantity of fish and other marine specimens. From 1869 he examined his Red Sea collection at the ''

Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart The State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart (), abbreviated SMNS, is one of the two state of Baden-Württemberg's natural history museums. Together with the State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe (Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsr ...

'', traveling to

Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main () is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the List of cities in Germany by population, fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located in the forela ...

and

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

in order to conduct zoological comparison studies. At Stuttgart he also investigated Australian fish species procured by

Ferdinand von Mueller Baron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, (; 30 June 1825 – 10 October 1896) was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist. He was appointed government botanist for the then colony of Victoria, Australia ...

(1825-1896), from whose collection Klunzinger described approximately fifty new species from

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

and

New Zealand New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...

. In 1872 he was back in Kosseir collecting additional marine specimens, later returning to Stuttgart (1875), where in 1884 he was appointed professor of zoology at the

University of Stuttgart The University of Stuttgart () is a research university located in Stuttgart, Germany. It was founded in 1829 and is organized into 10 faculties. It is one of the oldest technical universities in Germany with programs in civil, mechanical, ind ...

Legacy

His name is associated with a number of zoological species, such as: * The fish Klunzinger's sweeper '' Pempheris klunzingeri'', McCulloch, 1911 * The Ponyfish '' Equulites klunzingeri'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner descri ...

, 1898), * * The soft Coral '' Cladiella klunzingeri'' Thomson & Simpson, 1909, * The soft Coral ''

Dendronephthya klunzingeri ''Dendronephthya klunzingeri'' is a species of soft coral in the family Nephtheidae. This species is divaricate Divaricate means branching, or having separation or a degree of separation. The angle between branches is wide. In botany In bota ...

'' (Studer, 1888), * The western carp gudgeon '' Hypseleotris klunzingeri'' ( J. D. Ogilby, 1898), and * The sea urchin crab '' Echinoecus klunzingeri'' ( A. Milne-Edwards, 1879).

Selected writings

* ''Synopsis der Fische des Rothen Meeres'', 1870 - Synopsis of fishes from the Red Sea * ''Die Korallthiere des Rothen Meeres'', 1877-1879 - Coral animals of the Red Sea * ''Bilder aus Oberägyten, der Wuste und dem Rothen Meere'', 1877 - Images of

Upper Egypt Upper Egypt ( ', shortened to , , locally: ) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the Nile River valley south of the delta and the 30th parallel North. It thus consists of the entire Nile River valley from Cairo south to Lake N ...

, the desert and the Red Sea. * ''Die v. Muellersche Sammlung australischer Fische in Stuttgart'', 1879 - Müller's collection of Australian fish in Stuttgart. * ''Die Rundkrabben (Cyclometopa) des Roten Meeres'', 1913.World Cat Identities
(publications)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Klunzinger, Carl Benjamin German ichthyologists German taxonomists 01 1834 births 1914 deaths 20th-century German zoologists Academic staff of the University of Stuttgart People from Heilbronn (district) 19th-century German zoologists 19th-century German physicians Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina Scientists from Baden-Württemberg