''Candelabrochaete'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

crust fungi The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or pa ...

in the family

Phanerochaetaceae The Phanerochaetaceae are a family of mostly crust fungi in the order Polyporales. Taxonomy Phanerochaetaceae was first conceived by Swedish mycologist John Eriksson in 1958 as the subfamily Phanerochaetoideae of the Corticiaceae. It was later ...

Taxonomy

The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to ''circumscribe'' the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be ''inscribed'' in the circle. * Circum ...

by French mycologist Jacques Boidin in 1970. He originally included two species, '' C. langloisii'', and the

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * ...

, '' C. africana''.

Description

Similar to the genus '' Phanerochaete'', ''Candelabrochaete'' features simple

septa SEPTA, the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, is a regional public transportation authority that operates bus, rapid transit, commuter rail, light rail, and electric trolleybus services for nearly four million people througho ...

in the subicular

hypha A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one o ...

e and at the base of the

basidia A basidium (: basidia) is a microscopic spore-producing structure found on the hymenophore of reproductive bodies of basidiomycete fungi. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the group. These bodies are also ...

, and

hyaline A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from , and . Histopathology Hyaline cartilage is named after its glassy appearance on fresh gross pathology. On light microscopy of H&E stained slides, the extracellula ...

, thin-walled, nonamyloid

spores In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plant ...

. Several features distinguish ''Candelabrochaete'' from ''Phanerochaete''. These include small, cylindrical to club-shaped (clavate)

, septate

cystidia A cystidium (: cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the sporocarp of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia. Since cystidia have highly varied and distinct shapes that are o ...

, a loosely interwoven subiculum (a mat of hyphae from which the fruitbody arises), and a loosely organized

hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in oth ...

. This latter characteristic gives a

farinaceous Flour is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. Flours are used to make many different foods. Cereal flour, particularly wheat flour, is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many cultures. ...

to woolly appearance to the fruitbodies.

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and th ...

accepts 12 species in ''Candelabrochaete'': *'' Candelabrochaete adnata'' Hjortstam (1995) – Brazil *'' Candelabrochaete africana'' Boidin (1970) – Africa *'' Candelabrochaete cirrata'' Hjortstam & Ryvarden (1986) – Argentina; British Virgin Islands; Brunei; Ghana; Kenya; Taiwan *'' Candelabrochaete dispar'' Hjortstam & Ryvarden (1986) – Argentina *'' Candelabrochaete eruciformis'' (G.Cunn.) Stalpers & P.K.Buchanan (1991) *'' Candelabrochaete langloisii'' (Pat.) Boidin (1970) *'' Candelabrochaete macaronesica'' M.Dueñas, Tellería & Melo (2008) –

Faial Island Faial Island (), also known as Fayal Island, is a Portugal, Portuguese island of the Central Group or ''Grupo Central'' of the Azores, in the Atlantic Ocean. The Capelinhos volcano is the westernmost point of the island and is considered the we ...

;

Madeira Madeira ( ; ), officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira (), is an autonomous Regions of Portugal, autonomous region of Portugal. It is an archipelago situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, in the region of Macaronesia, just under north of ...

*'' Candelabrochaete magnahypha'' (Burt) Burds. (1984) *'' Candelabrochaete mexicana'' (Burt) P.Roberts (2000) – Cameroon; Venezuela *'' Candelabrochaete neocaledonica'' Duhem & Buyck (2011) –

New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...

*'' Candelabrochaete simulans'' Hjortstam (1995) – Thailand *'' Candelabrochaete verruculosa'' Hjortstam (1983) – Africa; Asia; Europe

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5031645 Phanerochaetaceae Polyporales genera Taxa described in 1970