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''Campyloneurum phyllitidis'', commonly known as the long strap fern, is a species of fern in the family
USDA Plants Profile for ''Campyloneurum phyllitidis'' (long strapfern)
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5028759 phyllitidis Ferns of the Americas Flora of the Caribbean Ferns of Mexico Ferns of the United States Flora of Central America Flora of northern South America Flora of western South America Ferns of Brazil Flora of Florida Flora of Panama Epiphytes Plants described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Taxa named by Carl Borivoj Presl Garden plants of North America Garden plants of South America House plants Flora without expected TNC conservation status
Polypodiaceae
Polypodiaceae is a Family (biology), family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family includes around 65 genus, genera and an estimated 1,650 species and is placed in the order Polypodiales, suborder ...
.
Distribution
''Campyloneurum phyllitidis'' is found in North, Central, and South America: fromFlorida
Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...
, the Caribbean
The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America ...
, and southeastern Mexico in the north; to tropical Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...
and Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
, and Paraguay
Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...
in the south.
Other countries it is native to include the Southeastern United States
The Southeastern United States, also known as the American Southeast or simply the Southeast, is a geographical List of regions in the United States, region of the United States located in the eastern portion of the Southern United States and t ...
, Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...
, Costa Rica
Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime bo ...
, Bolivia, and Venezuela
Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...
. It is also present in Florida, Puerto Rico, Hawaii and the Virgin Islands. The fern is common on Barro Colorado Island
Barro Colorado Island is located in the man-made Gatun Lake in the middle of the Panama Canal. The island was formed when the waters of the Chagres River were dammed to form the lake in 1913. When the waters rose, they covered a significant part ...
of Panama.
Description
''Campyloneurum phyllitidis'' is anepiphyte
An epiphyte is a plant or plant-like organism that grows on the surface of another plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphyt ...
, growing on other plants; generally the fern is found growing in the canopies of trees.
It has a relatively large rhizome
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome ( ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and Shoot (botany), shoots from its Node (botany), nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from ...
from which many fine rootlets covered in dark reddish-brown scales grow. Its leaves are simple in shape, hairless, long and wide.
The sori are round and small, occurring in on both sides of lateral veins of the leaves.
It is known to grow as an epiphyte on '' Platypodium elegans'', ''Ceiba pentandra
''Ceiba pentandra'' is a tropical tree of the order (biology), order Malvales and the family (biology), family Malvaceae (previously emplaced in the family Bombacaceae), native to Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, northern South America, ...
'', ''Tabebuia
''Tabebuia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Bignoniaceae.Eberhard Fischer, Inge Theisen, and Lúcia G. Lohmann. 2004. "Bignoniaceae". pages 9-38. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) and Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor) ...
guayacan'', ''Anacardium excelsum
''Anacardium excelsum'', the wild cashew, ''espavél'' or ''espavé'', is a tree in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The tree is common in the tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests of Pacific and Atlantic watersheds of Central ...
'', ''Socratea exorrhiza
''Socratea exorrhiza'', the walking palm or cashapona, is a palm native to rainforests in tropical Central and South America. It can grow to 25 metres in height, with a stem diameter of up to 16 cm, but is more typically 15–20 m tall ...
'', ''Marila
''Marila'' is a plant genus in the family Calophyllaceae.Stephens, P.F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June 2008. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/ The genus comprises about 20 species, occurring in the Neotrop ...
laxiflora'' and ''Perebea
''Perebea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Moraceae. It includes ten species native to the tropical Americas, ranging from Nicaragua to Bolivia and central Brazil.
Species
Ten species are accepted.
* ''Perebea angustifolia'' (Poepp ...
xanthochyma''.
Uses
''Campyloneurum phyllitidis'' is cultivated as anornamental plant
Ornamental plants or ''garden plants'' are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars th ...
, and is the most common species of ''Campyloneurum'' found in cultivation. The fern grows well in well-drained soil under medium levels of light. It needs to be protected from slugs and snails.
''Campyloneurum phyllitidis'' was grown in England during the Victorian era, when ferns were particularly popular (the phenomenon known as pteridomania
Pteridomania or fern fever was a Victorian craze for ferns. Decorative arts of the period presented the fern motif in pottery, glass, metal, textiles, wood, printed paper, and sculpture, with ferns "appearing on everything from christening ...
). The fern was described by an author of the time, Shirley Hibberd, as being "very distinct" and that it formed a "striking object when grown well".
See also
*References
External links
USDA Plants Profile for ''Campyloneurum phyllitidis'' (long strapfern)
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5028759 phyllitidis Ferns of the Americas Flora of the Caribbean Ferns of Mexico Ferns of the United States Flora of Central America Flora of northern South America Flora of western South America Ferns of Brazil Flora of Florida Flora of Panama Epiphytes Plants described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Taxa named by Carl Borivoj Presl Garden plants of North America Garden plants of South America House plants Flora without expected TNC conservation status