
Campanulales is a valid
botanic name
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...
for a plant order. It was used in the
Cronquist system
The Cronquist system is a taxonomic classification system of flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including ''The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1968; 2nd edition, 1988) ...
as an order within the subclass
Asteridae
''Asteridae'' is an obsolete botanical name at the rank of subclass. Composition of the subclass has also varied; however, by definition it always includes the family Asteraceae (Compositae). In the modern APG IV system of classification, asteri ...
in the class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classifi ...
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...
s. As then circumscribed it included the families:
*
Pentaphragmataceae
''Pentaphragma'' is a genus of flowering plants. ''Pentaphragma'' is the sole genus in Pentaphragmataceae, a family in the order Asterales. These species are fleshy herbs, with asymmetrical leaf blades. They are found in Southeast Asia
Sout ...
I
Watson and Dallwitzthis family has 1 genus, ''Pentaphragma'' with 30 species from southeast Asia.
*
Sphenocleaceae
''Sphenoclea'' is a genus of succulent erect annual herbs. They occur in damp habitats throughout the tropics.
There are two species, '' S. zeylanica'' and '' S. pongatium''. The genus is placed alone in family Sphenocleaceae. The posi ...
- 1 genus
*
Campanulaceae
The family Campanulaceae (also bellflower family), of the order Asterales, contains nearly 2400 species in 84 genera of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and rarely small trees, often with milky sap. Among them are several familiar garden plants be ...
(harebells) - 28 genera
*
Stylidiaceae
The family Stylidiaceae is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It consists of five genera with over 240 species, most of which are endemic to Australia and New Zealand. Members of Stylidiaceae are typically grass-like herbs or small shru ...
I
Watson and Dallwitzit has 5 genera and 150 species.
*
Donatiaceae
*
Brunoniaceae
''Brunonia australis'', commonly known as the blue pincushion or native cornflower, is a perennial or annual herb that grows widely across Australia. It is found in woodlands, open forest and sand plains. In Cronquist's classification scheme ...
I
Watson and Dallwitzthere is only one species in the family, ''Brunonia australis''
*
Goodeniaceae
Goodeniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asterales. It contains about 404 species in twelve genera. The family is distributed mostly in Australia, except for the genus '' Scaevola'', which is pantropical. Its species are found a ...
(naupaka) - 1 genus
Campanulales is not recognized as an order in the
APG II
The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Gr ...
system, where the families are included in order
Asterales
Asterales () is an order of dicotyledonous flowering plants that includes the large family Asteraceae (or Compositae) known for composite flowers made of florets, and ten families related to the Asteraceae. While asterids in general are chara ...
, except for Sphenocleaceae in
Solanales
The Solanales are an order of flowering plants, included in the asterid group of dicotyledons. Some older sources used the name Polemoniales for this order.
Taxonomy
Under the older Cronquist system, the latter three families were placed elsew ...
.
References
*
L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.https://web.archive.org/web/20070103200438/http://delta-intkey.com/
Historically recognized angiosperm orders
{{Asterid-stub
az:Zəngçiçəklilər