The Camerata or camerate crinoids are an extinct subclass of

Paleozoic The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. The name ''Paleozoic'' ( ;) was coined by the British geologist Adam Sedgwick in 1838 by combining the Greek words ''palaiós'' (, "old") and ' ...

stalked

crinoid Crinoids are marine animals that make up the Class (biology), class Crinoidea. Crinoids that are attached to the sea bottom by a stalk in their adult form are commonly called sea lilies, while the unstalked forms are called feather stars or coma ...

s. They were some of the earliest crinoids to originate during the Early

Ordovician The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period million years ago (Mya) to the start of the Silurian Period Mya. ...

, reached their maximum diversity during the

Mississippian Mississippian may refer to: * Mississippian (geology), a subperiod of the Carboniferous period in the geologic timescale, roughly 360 to 325 million years ago *Mississippian culture, a culture of Native American mound-builders from 900 to 1500 AD ...

, and became extinct during the

Permian–Triassic extinction event The Permian–Triassic (P–T, P–Tr) extinction event, also known as the Latest Permian extinction event, the End-Permian Extinction and colloquially as the Great Dying, formed the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods, a ...

. Camerates are the

sister group In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and ...

Pentacrinoidea Pentacrinoidea is a subclass of crinoids containing all members of Crinoidea except for the exclusively Paleozoic camerates (subclass Camerata). It was originally named in 1918 by Otto Jaekel, who hypothesized a fundamental split between camerate ...

, which contains all other crinoids (including living species). The two largest camerate subgroups are the orders Diplobathrida and

Monobathrida Monobathrida is an extinct order of crinoids. Genera * Aacocrinus * Abacocrinus * Abactinocrinus * Abathocrinus * Abatocrinus * Abludoglyptocrinus * Acacocrinus * Actinocrinites * Actinocrinus * Acrocrinus * Agaricocrinus * Agathocr ...

. Anatomically, they are distinguished by:Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Volume T. Echinodermata: Crinoidea. Ubaghs et al. Editors: R. C. Moore and C. Teichert. 1978. *fused junctions between the plates of the cup *brachial plates incorporated into the cup *tegmen forming a rigid roof over the mouth *no less than ten and sometimes a very large number of free arms, often pinnulate

Subdivisions

* Order

Cladida Cladida is a major subgroup of crinoids with a complicated taxonomic history. Cladida was originally applied to a wide assortment of extinct crinoids with a dicyclcic calyx. Under this original definition, cladids would represent a paraphyletic ...

? * '' Adelphicrinus'' * '' Eknomocrinus'' * '' Cnemecrinus'' * '' Quechuacrinus'' * ''

Reteocrinus ''Reteocrinus'' is an extinct genus of sea lily that lived in the Middle to Late Ordovician. Its remains have been found in North America. Sources ''Reteocrinus''in the Field Museum The Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), also known ...

'' * Eucamerata ** '' Rosfacrinus'' ** Order Diplobathrida ** Order

References

External links

Camerata
in the

Paleobiology Database The Paleobiology Database is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms. History The Paleobiology Database (PBDB) originated in the NCEAS-funded Phanerozoic Marine Paleo ...

Devonian crinoids Late Devonian animals Carboniferous crinoids Silurian crinoids Middle Devonian first appearances Late Devonian extinctions {{paleo-crinoidea-stub