''Cambarellus'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of small freshwater

crayfish Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. Taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some spe ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Cambaridae The Cambaridae are the largest of the four families of freshwater crayfish, with over 400 species. Most of the species in the family are native to the United States east of the Great Divide and Mexico, but fewer range north to Canada, and south ...

. The 19

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

are found in

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

(subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

(subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, ''C. areolatus'', ''C. patzcuarensis'', and ''C. prolixus'' are considered seriously threatened by the

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the status ...

, and ''C. alvarezi'' is already

extinct Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and ...

. ''C. chihuahuae'' was also believed to be extinct until rediscovered in 2012. ''C. alvarezi'' and four undescribed, extinct ''Cambarellus'' species were restricted to desert spring systems in southwestern

Nuevo León Nuevo León, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Nuevo León, is a Administrative divisions of Mexico, state in northeastern Mexico. The state borders the Mexican states of Tamaulipas, Coahuila, Zacatecas, and San Luis Potosí, San Luis ...

; each one shared its habitat with a ''

Cyprinodon ''Cyprinodon'' is a genus of pupfishes found in waters that range from Fresh water, fresh to hypersaline. The genus is primarily found in Mexico, the Caribbean Islands and southern United States (Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, New Mexico, ...

'' pupfish (these are also fully extinct or

extinct in the wild A species that is extinct in the wild (EW) is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as only consisting of living members kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range ...

). An orange form of ''C. patzcuarensis'' is regularly seen in the

freshwater aquarium A freshwater aquarium is a receptacle that holds one or more freshwater aquatic organisms for decorative, pet-keeping, or research purposes. Modern aquariums are most often made from Transparency (optics), transparent glass or acrylic glass. Typi ...

trade.

Species

The genus contains the following species: ;Subgenus ''Cambarellus (Cambarellus)'' *†'' Cambarellus alvarezi'' (Villalobos, 1952)Villalobos, A. (1952). Estudios de los cambarinos mexicanos. X. Una nueva especie del genero Cambarellus del Estado de Nuevo Leon. ''Anales del Instituto de Biologia Universidad de Mexico'', 22, 525–532. *'' Cambarellus areolatus'' (Faxon, 1885)Faxon, W. (1885). A revision of the Astacidæ. Part 1. The genera ''Cambarus'' and ''Astacus''. ''Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology'', 10(4). *'' Cambarellus chapalanus'' (Faxon, 1898)Faxon, W. (1898). Observations on the Astacidæ in the United States National Museum and in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, with Descriptions of New Species. ''Proceedings of the United States National Museum'', 20, 643–694. *''

Cambarellus chihuahuae ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Hobbs, 1980)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1980). New dwarf crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from Mexico and Florida. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 93, 194–207. *'' Cambarellus montezumae'' (de Saussure, 1857)de Saussure, H. (1857). Diagnoses de quelques Crustacés nouveaux de l’Amérique tropicale. ''Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée'', 9, 501–505. *''

Cambarellus occidentalis ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Faxon, 1898) *''

Cambarellus patzcuarensis ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Villalobos, 1943)Villalobos, J. L. (1943). Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, I. Observaciones sobre ''Cambarellus montezumae'' (Saussure) y Algunas de sus Formas con Descripción de una Subspecie Nueva. ''Anales del Institute de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico'', 14(2), 587–611. *''

Cambarellus prolixus ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Villalobos-Figueroa & Hobbs, 1981)Villalobos-Figueroa, A. & Hobbs, H., Jr. (1981). A new dwarf crayfish from the Pacific versant of Mexico (Decapoda: Cambaridae). ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 94(2), 492–502. *''

Cambarellus zacapuensis ''Cambarellus zacapuensis'' is a small crustacean in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to the Angulo River basin, observed mainly in Zacapu Lagoon. Description ''Cambarellus zacapuensis'' is a species morphologically very similar to the '' ...

'' (Pedraza-Lara & Doadrio, 2015)Pedraza-Lara, C. & Doadrio, I. (2015). A new species of dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from central Mexico, as supported by morphological and genetic evidence. ''Zootaxa'', 28(3963), 583–594. *'' Cambarellus zempoalensis'' (Villalobos, 1943) ;Subgenus ''Pandicambarus'' *'' Cambarellus blacki'' (Hobbs, 1980) *'' Cambarellus diminutus'' (Hobbs, 1945)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1945). Two new species of crayfishes of the genus ''Cambarellus'' from the Gulf Coastal states, with a key to the species of the genus (Decapoda: Astacidae). ''The American Midland Naturalist'', 34(2), 466–474. *''

Cambarellus lesliei ''Cambarellus lesliei'' is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to Alabama and Mississippi in the United States. It is known commonly as the angular dwarf crawfish. The main part of this species' distribution is Mobile Ba ...

'' (Fitzpatrick & Laning, 1976)Fitzpatrick, J. F. & Laning, B. A. (1976). A new dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae: Cambarellinae) from southwest Alabama and adjacent Mississippi, U. S. A. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 89, 137–146. *'' Cambarellus ninae'' (Hobbs, 1950)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1950). A new crayfish of the genus ''Cambarellus'' from Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 63, 89–96. *'' Cambarellus puer'' (Hobbs, 1945) *'' Cambarellus rotatus'' (Schuster & Kendrick, 2017)Schuster, G. A. & Kendrick, M. R. (2017). A new dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from floodplain swapms in central Alabama. ''Zootaxa'', 4238(3), 375–384. *'' Cambarus schmitti'' (Hobbs, 1942)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1942b). The Crayfishes of Florida. ''University of Florida Publications, Biological Science'', 3(2). *'' Cambarellus shufeldtii'' (Faxon, 1884)Faxon, W. (1884). Descriptions of new species of ''Cambarus''; to which is added a synonymical list of the known species of ''Cambarus'' and ''Astacus''. ''Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences'', 20, 107–158. *'' Cambarellus texanus'' (Albaugh & Black, 1973)Albaugh, D. W. & Black, J. B. (1973). A new crayfish of the genus ''Cambarellus'' from Texas, with new Texas distributional records for the genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). ''The Southwest Naturalist'', 18(2), 177–185.

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q244133 Cambaridae Freshwater crustaceans of North America Decapod genera Taxa named by Arnold Edward Ortmann Taxonomy articles created by Polbot