History
The family claims descent from the legendary..Many succeeding emperors tried to take backMuslim rulers Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraham (or ''Allah'') as it ...] ; but it was always in vain, and with losses. Finally [...], Romanos II recommended the enterprise toNikephoros Phokas Nikephoros II Phokas (; – 11 December 969), Latinized Nicephorus II Phocas, was Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969. His career, not uniformly successful in matters of statecraft or of war, nonetheless greatly contributed to the resurgence of t ..., who, after seven months of cruel war, on March 4th, 961 .E. destroyed theSaracens file:Erhard Reuwich Sarazenen 1486.png, upright 1.5, Late 15th-century History of Germany, German woodcut depicting Saracens ''Saracen'' ( ) was a term used both in Greek language, Greek and Latin writings between the 5th and 15th centuries to ..., tookCandia The name Candia can refer to: People * The House of Candia, a noble family from Savoy (14th-16th) * Alfredo Ovando Candía, 56th president of Bolivia * Antoinette Candia-Bailey, American academic administrator * Cecilia Maria de Candia, British-It ...as he Saracens'main city by arms and led he Cretan emir Kouroupas">Kouroupas.html" ;"title="he Cretan emir Kouroupas">he Cretan emir Kouroupas /nowiki> triumphantly to the Hippodrome of Constantinople">Hippodrome Hippodrome is a term sometimes used for public entertainment venues of various types. A modern example is the Hippodrome which opened in London in 1900 "combining circus, hippodrome, and stage performances". The term hippodroming refers to fr ...
Thus, [Numerous other historians have written about the Calogerà family over the centuries. In his 1935 book ''Calogeras'', Antonio Gontijo de Carvalho describes the family's origins:Nikephoros Phokas Nikephoros II Phokas (; – 11 December 969), Latinized Nicephorus II Phocas, was Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969. His career, not uniformly successful in matters of statecraft or of war, nonetheless greatly contributed to the resurgence of t ...] subdued and ransacked the whole island, which for 142 years had been occupied and lorded by barbarians, and he had it settled and left in the form of a colony, for its greater security, under noble families originally fromConstantinople Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empire ...'nobili Costantinopolitani''of the ''Màggiori'' and of the Senatorial order, namely: the Armeni; the Caleteri; the Anatolici, also called Cortezzi; the Cargenti, that is, Saturnini; the Vespesiani, also called Melissini; the Sutili; the Papiliani, also calledVlasti Vlasti (, before 1927: Βλάτση - ''Vlatsi'', ) is a village and a Communities and Municipalities of Greece, community of the Eordaia, Eordaia municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was an independent community. The 2021 censu ...; the Romuli, also called Claudi; the Aliotti, also called Scordilli; the Colonessi, also called Coloini; the Irtini, also called Arculendi; and the Phoca, of the same blood of the Phoca from whom the noble house of Calergi originated.
''Revue de l'Orient Latin''
Vol. 11, 28 Rue Bonaparte, Paris, 1908, p. 111, translated from French, Caleteri in bold.
belonged a traditional European family that originated, according to some historians, from the island ofCyprus Cyprus (), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Situated in West Asia, its cultural identity and geopolitical orientation are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the List of isl .... The family’s name is associated with a Greek word that translates to "''good, old man''" or "''respectable by age''." It derives from the term for an Orientalmonk A monk (; from , ''monachos'', "single, solitary" via Latin ) is a man who is a member of a religious order and lives in a monastery. A monk usually lives his life in prayer and contemplation. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many reli .... Formerly, the word also referred to Latin hermits. But the qualifier has since been applied to Greek schismatics, male or female, who observe the rule of St. Basil or St. Marcellus. By itsetymology Etymology ( ) is the study of the origin and evolution of words—including their constituent units of sound and meaning—across time. In the 21st century a subfield within linguistics, etymology has become a more rigorously scientific study. ..., the word refers only to elder monks, but its use has been extended to include all of the monks living at Mt. Athos.
..One fifth century family member, St. Calogerus, exists in universalhagiology A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a preacher, priest, founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian ...and also figures in the family'scoat-of-arms A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full heraldic achiev .... With the schism of theOrthodox Church Orthodox Church may refer to: * Eastern Orthodox Church, the second-largest Christian church in the world * Oriental Orthodox Churches, a branch of Eastern Christianity * Orthodox Presbyterian Church, a confessional Presbyterian denomination loc ..., one partf the family F, or f, is the sixth letter of the Latin alphabet and many modern alphabets influenced by it, including the modern English alphabet and the alphabets of all other modern western European languages. Its name in English is ''ef'' (pronounce ...continued in the Roman apostolic rite; the other, more numerous, part adhered to the Eastern creed. In her father's biography ''The Alexiad The ''Alexiad'' () is a medieval historical and biographical text written around the year 1148, by the Byzantine princess Anna Komnene, daughter of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos. It was written in a form of artificial Attic Greek. Anna described th ...'',Anna Komnene Anna Komnene (; 1 December 1083 – 1153), commonly Latinized as Anna Comnena, was a Byzantine Greek historian. She is the author of the '' Alexiad'', an account of the reign of her father, Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos. Her work constit ...gives the explanation that, having come to reside inByzantium Byzantium () or Byzantion () was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul today. The Greek name ''Byzantion'' and its Latinization ''Byzantium'' continued to be used as a n ...,he Calogerà family He or HE may refer to: Language * He (letter), the fifth letter of the Semitic abjads * He (pronoun), a pronoun in Modern English * He (kana), one of the Japanese kana (へ in hiragana and ヘ in katakana) * Ge (Cyrillic), a Cyrillic letter call ...formed alliances with theKomnenos The House of Komnenos ( Komnenoi; , , ), Latinized as Comnenus ( Comneni), was a Byzantine Greek noble family who ruled the Byzantine Empire in the 11th and 12th centuries. The first reigning member, Isaac I Komnenos, ruled from 1057 to 1059. ...[Note though that the name Kalogeras does not in fact appear in the ''Alexiad'', nor in any Komnenian-era source, cf
Prosopography of the Byzantine World
nowiki>]
InGiovan Battista di Crollalanza's masterpiece, ''Dizionario Storico-Blasonico delle Famiglie Nobili e Notabili Italiane, Estinte e Fiorenti'' (1886), describes the Republic of Venice, Venetian- andBrazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...ianonomastics Onomastics (or onomatology in older texts) is the study of proper names, including their etymology, history, and use. An ''alethonym'' ('true name') or an ''orthonym'' ('real name') is the proper name of the object in question, the object of onom ..., the names Pandiá and Calógeras evoke, at once, theGreek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...flavor behind their etymologies: Pandiá reminds the bearer of eclecticism and universalism, while Calógeras conjures up monastic respectability and the wisdom of the elders of St. Basil and St. Marcellus.he Calógeras family He or HE may refer to: Language * He (letter), the fifth letter of the Semitic abjads * He (pronoun), a pronoun in Modern English * He (kana), one of the Japanese kana (へ in hiragana and ヘ in katakana) * Ge (Cyrillic), a Cyrillic letter call ...dates back to an historical and almost mythologicalCyprus Cyprus (), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Situated in West Asia, its cultural identity and geopolitical orientation are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the List of isl ..., where they originated. ..From beginning all the way to the present, a brilliant genealogical succession can be observed in this family. ..A Calógeras shines in the hagiological calendar as early as the fifth century, extolling excellent virtues, religious struggles, and the evolution of spiritual postulates in the person of a saint.Byzantium Byzantium () or Byzantion () was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul today. The Greek name ''Byzantion'' and its Latinization ''Byzantium'' continued to be used as a n ...,Athens Athens ( ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Greece, largest city of Greece. A significant coastal urban area in the Mediterranean, Athens is also the capital of the Attica (region), Attica region and is the southe ...,Venice Venice ( ; ; , formerly ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 islands that are separated by expanses of open water and by canals; portions of the city are li ..., andCrete Crete ( ; , Modern Greek, Modern: , Ancient Greek, Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the List of islands by area, 88th largest island in the world and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fifth la ...have all welcomed the Calógeras family through the centuries. In 1644, they appear inCorfu Corfu ( , ) or Kerkyra (, ) is a Greece, Greek island in the Ionian Sea, of the Ionian Islands; including its Greek islands, small satellite islands, it forms the margin of Greece's northwestern frontier. The island is part of the Corfu (regio ....embers of this family ''Embers'' is a radio play by Samuel Beckett. It was written in English in 1957. First broadcast on the BBC Third Programme on 24 June 1959, the play won the RAI prize at the Prix Italia awards later that year. Donald McWhinnie directed Jack ...sparkled spirits and cultures in the likes of Draco Calógeras, Dino and Francesco, and Zorzi and Antonio, at the head of events in the greater history of theRepublic of Venice The Republic of Venice, officially the Most Serene Republic of Venice and traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a sovereign state and Maritime republics, maritime republic with its capital in Venice. Founded, according to tradition, in 697 ...that would alter the organization and political distribution of theMediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...world. For this reason, the arms of Demetrius Calógeras would be featured in the golden and blue panel of the in Venice; John Paul would glow in the military history of Bergamo; Spiridion would die as Admiral of the Arsenal of Corfu in the eighteenth century; and Marco Calógeras would die as Bishop ofCattaro Kotor (Cyrillic: Котор, ), historically known as Cattaro (from Italian: ), is a town in Coastal region of Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Bay of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,347 and is the administrative cen ...icinDalmatia Dalmatia (; ; ) is a historical region located in modern-day Croatia and Montenegro, on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea. Through time it formed part of several historical states, most notably the Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Croatia (925 ...in the mid-nineteenth century. Theologians, writers, poets, philologists, philosophers, admirals, generals, sociologists, tribunes, jurists, doctors, and engineers all appear in great numbers in this immense family, which, ever and always illustrious over the centuries, finally arrived in Brazil in 1841 in the person of João Batista Calógeras (grandfather ofJoão Pandiá Calógeras João is a given name of Portuguese origin. It is equivalent to the given name John. The diminutive is Joãozinho and the feminine is Joana. It is widespread in Portuguese-speaking countries. Notable people with the name are enumerated in the s ...). João Batista, who was a close friend of theBaron de Lafitte Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often hereditary, in various European countries, either current or historical. The female equivalent is baroness. Typically, the title denotes an aristocrat who ranks higher than a lord or knight, ...—a celebrated banker and minister of King Louis Philippe—lead a financial initiativen behalf of N, or n, is the fourteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages, and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''en'' (pronounced ), plural ''ens''. History ...that famous man of pecunia [inBrazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...].
CALOGERÀ ofReverendVenice Venice ( ; ; , formerly ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 islands that are separated by expanses of open water and by canals; portions of the city are li .... — Originally fromCorfu Corfu ( , ) or Kerkyra (, ) is a Greece, Greek island in the Ionian Sea, of the Ionian Islands; including its Greek islands, small satellite islands, it forms the margin of Greece's northwestern frontier. The island is part of the Corfu (regio ..., they obtained Ionian Islands, Septinsularnobility Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. T ...during the epoch of Venetian domination. — In the 16th century, some immigrated toItaly Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ..., and a branch settled in Venice; it is from this branch that we are given Angelo,Camaldolese The Camaldolese Hermits of Mount Corona () are a Catholic Church, Catholic monastic order of pontifical right for men founded by Romuald, St. Romuald. Its name is derived from the Holy Hermitage () in Camaldoli, high in the mountains of Tuscany, ...monk A monk (; from , ''monachos'', "single, solitary" via Latin ) is a man who is a member of a religious order and lives in a monastery. A monk usually lives his life in prayer and contemplation. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many reli ..., born inPadua Padua ( ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) in Veneto, northern Italy, and the capital of the province of Padua. The city lies on the banks of the river Bacchiglione, west of Venice and southeast of Vicenza, and has a population of 20 ..., famous for his compilation ofphilological Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of ...and scientific booklets known as Calogerà's Collection 'la Raccolta Calogerana'' —Marco Marco may refer to: People Given name * Marco (actor) (born 1977), South Korean model and actor Surname * Georg Marco (1863–1923), Romanian chess player of German origin * Jindřich Marco (1921–2000), Czechoslovak photographer and numismat ...alogjera Bishop of Split. — A branch of this family still flourishes inUdine Udine ( ; ; ; ; ) is a city and (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Province of Udine, Regional decentralization entity .... —ARMS Arms or ARMS may refer to: *Arm or arms, the upper limbs of the body Arm, Arms, or ARMS may also refer to: People * Ida A. T. Arms (1856–1931), American missionary-educator, temperance leader Coat of arms or weapons *Armaments or weapons **Fi ...: Of azure ackground a silver, beamless anchor, its shaft accented with a greencedar Cedar may refer to: Trees and plants *''Cedrus'', common English name cedar, an Old-World genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae * Cedar (plant), a list of trees and plants known as cedar Places United States * Cedar, Arizona ...branch bearing a single, yellow fruit on its left side; all accompanied at the top by a star of eight golden rays.Giovan Battista di Crollalanza, ''Dizionario storico-blasonico delle famiglie nobili e notabili italiane estinte e fiorenti'', Vol. I, p. 202, Il Giornale Araldica, Pisa, 1866, translated from Italian.
The Kalogjera family is originally from the Greek realm, and theGreek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...name means ''good, old man''.
In the past, members of the Kalogjera family were mostly soldiers andpriest A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deity, deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in parti ...s, but also officials,physician A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the Medical education, study, Med ...s, and traders. There were several admirals of theVenetian fleet The Venetian navy () was the navy of the Venetian Republic which played an important role in the history of the republic and the Mediterranean world. It was the premier navy in the Mediterranean Sea for many centuries between the medieval and earl ..., generals, colonels,military attaché A military attaché or defence attaché (DA),Defence Attachéss,
''Geneva C ...galley A galley is a type of ship optimised for propulsion by oars. Galleys were historically used for naval warfare, warfare, Maritime transport, trade, and piracy mostly in the seas surrounding Europe. It developed in the Mediterranean world during ...commanders, and ministers, and among them we also find a governor, a consul, and even one imperial governor. Moreover, the family has producedpedagogues Pedagogy (), most commonly understood as the approach to teaching, is the theory and practice of learning, and how this process influences, and is influenced by, the social, political, and psychological development of learners. Pedagogy, taken a ..., teachers,bishop A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of Episcopal polity, authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of di ...s, andabbot Abbot is an ecclesiastical title given to the head of an independent monastery for men in various Western Christian traditions. The name is derived from ''abba'', the Aramaic form of the Hebrew ''ab'', and means "father". The female equivale ...s, and among its members we find excellentmusicologists Musicology is the academic, research-based study of music, as opposed to musical composition or performance. Musicology research combines and intersects with many fields, including psychology, sociology, acoustics, neurology, natural sciences, f ...and writers as well as merchants andindustrialists A business magnate, also known as an industrialist or tycoon, is a person who is a powerful entrepreneur and investor who controls, through personal enterprise ownership or a dominant shareholding position, a firm or industry whose goods or ser .... Most contemporary family members are scientists, doctors, lawyers, engineers, economists, and musicians, and most are college-educated people. ..ref name="Boras">See Boras, "Prikaz Roda Kalogjera" in ''Biskup Marko Kalogjera o 120. obljetnici smrti'', p. 13.
Legacy
Closed caste in Corfu
According to Giannis S. Pieris, president of the historic Corfu Reading Society (established in 1836), the General Council of Corfu had originally been open to all groups, without restrictions based on origin, descent, religion, and profession. However, the class structure of Corfu changed between the 15th and 18th centuries, and 115 prominent families at the top of the social pyramid dominated the General Council of Corfu, effectively forming "a closed class, which could be described as a caste."See Pieris, ''Κερκυραϊκά οικόσημα'' According to Pieris, a branch of the Calogerà (Καλογερά, transliterated, ''Kalogera'' or ''Kalogeras'') family arrived in Corfu shortly before 1570 and the fall of Famagusta to the Ottomans. The head of the family in Corfu was Dimos Kalogeras, and he was admitted as a nobleman into the General Council of Corfu in 1572, soon after the family's arrival from Cyprus, where they had already held a position of nobility. He had three sons: Stamos, a physician; Drakos, a naval officer; and Frangiskos.Goldsmiths in Dalmatia
In Dalmatia, the Venetian branch of the Calogerà family amassed considerable wealth as goldsmiths on the island ofZAGREB - President Stjepan Mesić and Prime Minister Ivo Sanader today sent telegrams of condolences to the Kalogjera family on the death of composer and conductor Nikica Kalogjera.
"It is with great regret that I received the news of the death of Dr. Nikica Kalogjera, an artist of exceptional creative energy, who remained faithful to music for all of his interesting life," reads the telegram of condolences from President Mesić. "His compositions have marked numerous festivals, brought success to many singers, and brought audiences a musical pleasure that lasts to this day"
On behalf of the government of the Republic of Croatia and on his own behalf, Prime Minister Sanader also expressed his sincere condolences to the Kalogjera family:
"I received, with sadness, the news of the death of Nikica Kalogjera, a physician who so bravely and successfully assumed music as his chosen profession. Participating in the founding of Croatian popular music, he set new standards for more than half a century with his versatile music education, composition, arranging, and conducting work," reads the telegram from Prime Minister Sanader.See ''Večernji list''. "ZAGREB - Predsjednik Republike Stjepan Mesić i premijer Ivo Sanader uputili su danas brzojave sućuti obitelji Kalogjera u povodu smrti skladatelja i dirigenta Nikice Kalogjere. "S velikim žaljenjem primio sam vijest o smrti gospodina Nikice Kalogjere, umjetnika iznimne stvaralačke energije, koji je glazbi ostao vjeran cijeli svoj život ispunjen različitim interesima. Njegove kompozicije obilježile su brojne festivale, donijele uspjeh mnogim pjevačima a publici glazbeni užitak koji traje do danas", stoji u brzojavu sućuti predsjednika Mesića. U ime Vlade Republike Hrvatske i svoje osobno premijer Sanader je uputio iskrene izraze sućuti obitelji Kalogjera. "S tugom sam primio vijest o smrti Nikice Kalogjere, liječnika koji je glazbu tako hrabro i uspješno pretpostavio svojoj odabranoj profesiji. Sudjelujući u utemeljenju hrvatske zabavne glazbe, svojim je svestranim glazbenim obrazovanjem, skladateljskim, aranžerskim i dirigentskim radom više od pola stoljeća postavljao nove standarde", navodi se u brzojavu premijera Sanadera."
Notable family members
*Place names
Various locations have been named in honor of the Calogerà family. *Ošljak (island): The small island of ''Ošljak'', off the coast ofSome still call [the island] ''Kalogera'', the name of its first possessors, who received the island [as a gift from] from the Republic of Venice, Venetian Republic. The Kalogera family was probably from*:pt:Escola Estadual Pandiá Calógeras, Pandiá Calógeras State School: Prior to World War II, the school had been named after Benito Mussolini. In 1942, this name was stripped, and it was re-branded in honor of :pt:João Pandiá Calógeras, João Pandiá Calógeras. It is located in the vicinity of :pt:Praça Carlos Chagas, Carlos Chagas Square in Belo Horizonte,Crete Crete ( ; , Modern Greek, Modern: , Ancient Greek, Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the List of islands by area, 88th largest island in the world and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fifth la ..., and they were ardent supporters of the Republic of Venice, Republic in the Cretan military. [...] The [area] of the island is elliptical and measures 2,300 meters. The island rises in the form of a cone 60m above the surface of the sea. On the northern side of the islet, two circular buildings are visible, and the walls are still solid. They were built by the first possessor of the island, Levantin Kalogera. These are old mills, two windmills, [which were] used in the past by the inhabitants of the surrounding villages, when there were no bigger boats nearby.
Gallery
Family Trees
Coats of Arms
Miscellaneous
Notes
Bibliography
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *External links
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Calogera House of Calogerà, Venetian noble families Greek noble families Croatian noble families Albanian noble families People from Corfu