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''Calephelis nemesis'' (fatal metalmark or dusky metalmark) is a
butterfly Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises ...
in the family
Riodinidae Riodinidae is the family of metalmark butterflies. The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small, metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. The 1532 species are placed in 146 genera. Although mostly Neotropical in distribution, t ...
. It is found in the southern part of the
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...
and
Mexico Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guate ...
. Its habitats include chaparral canyons near rivers in arid areas, roads, and washes. The
wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan ...
is 20–25 mm. The upperside of the wings is brown with somewhat darker median bands. The fringes are checkered. Adults feed on flower nectar. The larvae feed on ''
Encelia californica ''Encelia californica'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name California brittlebush. It is also commonly referred to as California coast sunflower and California bush sunflower. Distribution This shr ...
'', ''
Baccharis glutinosa ''Baccharis glutinosa'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names saltmarsh baccharis and Douglas' falsewillow. The species has a discontinuous distribution, found in western North America (California, s ...
'', ''
Clematis drummondii ''Clematis drummondii'' is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae, that is native to the Southwestern United States (Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas) and northern Mexico. Common names include old man's beard, Texas vi ...
'' and ''
Clematis henryi ''Clematis'' is a genus of about 300 species within the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. Their garden hybrids have been popular among gardeners, beginning with ''Clematis'' × ''jackmanii'', a garden standby since 1862; more hybrid cultivars a ...
''.


Subspecies

*''Calephelis nemesis nemesis'' (northern Mexico, Arizona) *''Calephelis nemesis australis'' (W.H. Edwards, 1877) (Texas) *''Calephelis nemesis californica'' McAlpine, 1971 (California) *''Calephelis nemesis dammersi'' McAlpine, 1971 (California)


References

Butterflies described in 1871 Riodinidae Taxa named by William Henry Edwards Butterflies of North America {{Riodinidae-stub