Calciphilopteris Ludens
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''Calciphilopteris'' is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
fern The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissue ...
s in the
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Pteridaceae Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies. The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recogni ...
. It is
native Native may refer to: People * '' Jus sanguinis'', nationality by blood * '' Jus soli'', nationality by location of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Nat ...
to
India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
and
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
, southward to
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
.Jovita C. Yesilyurt and Harald Schneider. 2010. "The new fern genus ''Calciphilopteris'' (Pteridaceae)". ''Phytotaxa'' 7:52-59. (See ''External links'' below). Its four
species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
grow in crevices in
limestone Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science) ...
or they cling to the rock itself.


Taxonomy

For a long time, the four species of ''Calciphilopteris'' were included in the
polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
genus ''
Doryopteris ''Doryopteris'' is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Cheilanthoideae of the family Pteridaceae. Species The Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscription of the genus was uncertain . The ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' lists spe ...
''.
Molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...
studies Study or studies may refer to: General * Education **Higher education * Clinical trial * Experiment * Field of study * Observational study * Scientific study * Research * Study skills, abilities and approaches applied to learning Other * Study ...
have shown that ''Calciphilopteris'' is the most basal
clade In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach t ...
in the
subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
Cheilanthoideae Cheilanthoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the fern family Pteridaceae. The subfamily is understood to be monophyletic, but some of the genera as currently defined are not. Most species are xeric-adapted, and the subfamily is most diverse ...
. It is thus far removed from ''
Doryopteris palmata ''Doryopteris'' is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Cheilanthoideae of the family Pteridaceae. Species The circumscription of the genus was uncertain . The ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' lists species in three groups. 1. ...
'', the
type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...
of ''Doryopteris''. ''Calciphilopteris'' was described as a new genus in 2010. The generic name is said to be derived from the
Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...
''calx'' (limestone), ''philus'' (loving), and ''pteris'' (fern). ''Kalx'' can not be found in ancient Greek, however ''calx'' is the Latin word for "limestone",Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). ''A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press. possibly derived from ancient Greek ''chalix'' (χάλιξ) or derived from a word from a different Mediterranean language.de Vaan, M. (2008). ''Etymological dictionary of Latin and the other Italic languages.'' Leiden/Boston: Brill. The proper word in ancient Greek for "loving" is ''philos'' (φίλος).Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). ''A Greek-English Lexicon. Revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press.


Species

, the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: * '' Calciphilopteris alleniae'' ( R.M.Tryon) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider * '' Calciphilopteris ludens'' (
Wall. Nathaniel Wolff Wallich (28 January 1786 – 28 April 1854) was a surgeon and botanist of Danish origin who worked in India, initially in the Danish settlement near Calcutta and later for the Danish East India Company and the British East Indi ...
ex
Hook. Sir William Jackson Hooker (6 July 178512 August 1865) was an English botanist and botanical illustrator, who became the first director of Kew when in 1841 it was recommended to be placed under state ownership as a botanic garden. At Kew he ...
) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider
* '' Calciphilopteris papuana'' ( Copel.) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider * '' Calciphilopteris wallichii'' ( J.Sm.) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider


References


External links


''Calciphilopteris''
At:
At:
At:

''Calciphilopteris''
At:Plant Names
At:IPNI

''Calciphilopteris (exact)''
At:Names
At:Tropicos
At:Science and Conservation
At:Missouri Botanical Garden
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5018791 Pteridaceae Fern genera