''Calciphilopteris'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

fern A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Pteridaceae Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies. The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recogni ...

. It is

native Native may refer to: People * Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Native Americans (disambiguation) In arts and enterta ...

India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...

and China, southward to Australia.Jovita C. Yesilyurt and Harald Schneider. 2010. "The new fern genus ''Calciphilopteris'' (Pteridaceae)". ''Phytotaxa'' 7:52-59. (See ''External links'' below). Its four

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

grow in crevices in

limestone Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms wh ...

or they cling to the rock itself.

Taxonomy

For a long time, the four species of ''Calciphilopteris'' were included in the

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of conver ...

genus ''

Doryopteris ''Doryopteris'' is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Cheilanthoideae of the family Pteridaceae. Species The Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscription of the genus was uncertain . The ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' lists spe ...

''.

Molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

studies Study or studies may refer to: General * Education **Higher education * Clinical trial * Experiment * Observational study * Research * Study skills, abilities and approaches applied to learning Other * Study (art), a drawing or series of drawin ...

have shown that ''Calciphilopteris'' is the most

basal Basal or basilar is a term meaning ''base'', ''bottom'', or ''minimum''. Science * Basal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location for features associated with the base of an organism or structure * Basal (medicine), a minimal level that is nec ...

clade in the subfamily

Cheilanthoideae Cheilanthoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the fern family Pteridaceae. The subfamily is thought to be monophyletic, but some of the genera into which it has been divided are not, and the taxonomic status of many of its genera and species ...

. It is thus far removed from ''

Doryopteris palmata ''Doryopteris'' is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Cheilanthoideae of the family Pteridaceae. Species The circumscription of the genus was uncertain . The ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' lists species in three groups. 1. ...

'', the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...

of ''Doryopteris''. ''Calciphilopteris'' was described as a new genus in 2010. The generic name is said to be

derived Derive may refer to: * Derive (computer algebra system), a commercial system made by Texas Instruments * ''Dérive'' (magazine), an Austrian science magazine on urbanism *Dérive, a psychogeographical concept See also * *Derivation (disambiguatio ...

from the

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

''calx'' (limestone), ''philus'' (loving), and ''pteris'' (fern). ''Kalx'' can not be found in ancient Greek, however ''calx'' is the Latin word for "limestone",Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). ''A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press. possibly derived from ancient Greek ''chalix'' (χάλιξ) or derived from a word from a different Mediterranean language.de Vaan, M. (2008). ''Etymological dictionary of Latin and the other Italic languages.'' Leiden/Boston: Brill. The proper word in ancient Greek for "loving" is ''philos'' (φίλος).Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). ''A Greek-English Lexicon. Revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Species

, the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: * '' Calciphilopteris alleniae'' (

R.M.Tryon Rolla Milton Tryon Jr. (August 26, 1916 – August 20, 2001) was an American botanist who specialized in the systematics and evolution of ferns and other spore-dispersed plants ( pteridology). His particular focus and interest lay in two areas, ...

) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider * ''

Calciphilopteris ludens ''Calciphilopteris'' is a genus of ferns in the family Pteridaceae. It is native to India and China, southward to Australia.Jovita C. Yesilyurt and Harald Schneider. 2010. "The new fern genus ''Calciphilopteris'' (Pteridaceae)". ''Phytotaxa'' 7 ...

'' (

Wall. Nathaniel Wolff Wallich FRS FRSE (28 January 1786 – 28 April 1854) was a surgeon and botanist of Danish origin who worked in India, initially in the Danish settlement near Calcutta and later for the Danish East India Company and the British ...

ex Hook.) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider * ''

Calciphilopteris papuana ''Calciphilopteris'' is a genus of ferns in the family Pteridaceae. It is native to India and China, southward to Australia.Jovita C. Yesilyurt and Harald Schneider. 2010. "The new fern genus ''Calciphilopteris'' (Pteridaceae)". ''Phytotaxa'' 7 ...

'' (

Copel. Edwin Bingham Copeland (September 30, 1873 – March 16, 1964) was an American botanist and agriculturist. He is known for founding the University of the Philippines College of Agriculture at Los Baños, Laguna and for being one of the America's l ...

) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider * '' Calciphilopteris wallichii'' ( J.Sm.) Yesilyurt & H.Schneider

Taxonomy

Species

References

External links