Cai Tingkai (; 1892–1968) was a Chinese general. Cai was in overall command of the 19th Route Army of the

Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

National Revolutionary Army The National Revolutionary Army (NRA; zh, labels=no, t=國民革命軍) served as the military arm of the Kuomintang, Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang, or KMT) from 1924 until 1947. From 1928, it functioned as the regular army, de facto ...

and other Chinese forces responsible for holding off the

Imperial Japanese Army The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA; , ''Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun'', "Army of the Greater Japanese Empire") was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan from 1871 to 1945. It played a central role in Japan’s rapid modernization during th ...

during the Shanghai War of 1932 on 28 January 1932. In November 1933 Cai and fellow 19th Route Army officer Li Jishen rebelled against the ruling

Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT) is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was the one party state, sole ruling party of the country Republic of China (1912-1949), during its rule from 1927 to 1949 in Mainland China until Retreat ...

regime and, with Jiang Guangnai, established the Fujian People's Government on 22 November 1933. However, the rebellion—known as the Fujian Incident—did not receive

Communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...

support and, on 21 January 1934, it was defeated by the Kuomintang and Cai was forced to leave China for several years. Later, in the

Second Sino-Japanese War The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931. It is considered part ...

(

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

), Cai returned to command the 26th Army Group in the

Battle of South Guangxi The Battle of South Guangxi () was one of the 22 major engagements between the National Revolutionary Army and Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In November 1939, the Japanese landed on the coast of Guangxi and capt ...

. He also traveled to the

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to gain support from Chinese-Americans for the war effort. During the final stages of the

Chinese Civil War The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government, government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermitt ...

Cai supported the Chinese Communists and was a signatory of the "Proclamation of the Central People's Government of the

People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

" of 1 October 1949. "Proclamation of the Central People's Government of the PRC"
at ''Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung'' website. Accessed 20 February 2007. Cai was originally interred at the Beijing Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery but, since 1997, his remains have been at the Memorial Mausoleum of the Martyrs of Nineteenth Route Army in the Battle Against Japanese Aggressors at North Shanghai.

Military career

* 1927–1930 General Officer Commanding 10th Division * 1930–1933 General Officer Commanding 19th Route Army * 1939–1940 Commander in Chief 16th Army Group * 1940–1945 Commander in Chief 26th Army Group

References

Citations

Sources

at The Generals of World War II website * Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, ''History of The Sino-Japanese War'' (1937–1945) 2nd Ed., 1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung, Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China. {{DEFAULTSORT:Cai, Tingkai 1892 births 1968 deaths Chinese military personnel of World War II National Revolutionary Army generals from Guangdong People from Yunfu Baoding Military Academy cadets Vice chairpersons of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference