Cagua Volcano is a

stratovolcano A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava and tephra. Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with a summit crater and p ...

located in the

Philippine The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...

Cagayan Cagayan ( ), officially the Province of Cagayan ( ilo, Probinsia ti Cagayan; ibg, Provinsiya na Cagayan; itv, Provinsiya ya Cagayan; fil, Lalawigan ng Cagayan), is a province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region, covering ...

. It is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines and has erupted twice in recorded history. Its last eruption was in 1907.

Geography

Cagua is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines located in the

in the

Cagayan Valley Cagayan Valley ( ilo, Tanap ti Cagayan; fil, Lambak ng Cagayan), is an administrative region in the Philippines, located in the northeastern section of Luzon Island. It is composed of five Philippine provinces: Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, ...

Region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and t ...

of northern

Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, ...

in the northernmost part of the Sierra Madre mountain range. The mountain is approximately south of Gonzaga, Cagayan and south of Port Irene in

Santa Ana, Cagayan Santa Ana, officially the Municipality of Santa Ana ( ibg, Ili nat Santa Ana; ilo, Ili ti Santa Ana; tl, Bayan ng Santa Ana), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population ...

Geology

Activity of the early Pleistocene erupted

basalt Basalt (; ) is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. More than 90% of a ...

andesite Andesite () is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between silica-poor basalt and silica-rich rhyolite. It is fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic in texture, and is composed predomina ...

effusive In physics and chemistry, effusion is the process in which a gas escapes from a container through a hole of diameter considerably smaller than the mean free path of the molecules. Such a hole is often described as a ''pinhole'' and the escape ...

basalt. The volcano was covered by enormous

lava flow Lava is molten or partially molten rock (magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a moon onto its surface. Lava may be erupted at a volcano or through a fracture in the crust, on land or un ...

s from 600,000 to 300,000 years ago. It has seen activity ranging from

phreatic ''Phreatic'' is a term used in hydrology to refer to aquifers, in speleology to refer to cave passages, and in volcanology to refer to a type of volcanic eruption. Hydrology The term phreatic (the word originates from the Greek , meaning "well" ...

eruptions to ash flows. The volcano is topped by a wide crater marked by sharp and precipitous walls. It has six

hot spring A hot spring, hydrothermal spring, or geothermal spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater onto the surface of the Earth. The groundwater is heated either by shallow bodies of magma (molten rock) or by c ...

s. Maasok near the crater; Marafil in the northwest; Manaring, north-northeast; San Jose, north-northeast; Kabinlangan, northwest and Paminta, north-northwest."Cagua"
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Retrieved on September 26, 2014.

Eruptive activity

Two historical eruptions have taken place at the volcano. Activity in 1860 was a largely

phreatic eruption A phreatic eruption, also called a phreatic explosion, ultravulcanian eruption or steam-blast eruption, occurs when magma heats ground water or surface water. The extreme temperature of the magma (anywhere from ) causes near-instantaneous evapo ...

though it was possibly followed by a

pyroclastic Pyroclastic rocks (derived from the el, πῦρ, links=no, meaning fire; and , meaning broken) are clastic rocks composed of rock fragments produced and ejected by explosive volcanic eruptions. The individual rock fragments are known as pyroc ...

flow. Renewed eruptions took place in October 1907 .

References

External links

* {{Volcanoes of the Philippines Stratovolcanoes of the Philippines Subduction volcanoes Volcanoes of Luzon Mountains of the Philippines Sierra Madre (Philippines) Landforms of Cagayan Active volcanoes of the Philippines Pleistocene stratovolcanoes Holocene stratovolcanoes

Geography

Geology

Eruptive activity

See also

References

External links