Cademario
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Cademario is a
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
located in the district of
Lugano Lugano ( , , ; ) is a city and municipality within the Lugano District in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. It is the largest city in both Ticino and the Italian-speaking region of southern Switzerland. Lugano has a population () of , and an u ...
in the
Swiss Swiss most commonly refers to: * the adjectival form of Switzerland * Swiss people Swiss may also refer to: Places * Swiss, Missouri * Swiss, North Carolina * Swiss, West Virginia * Swiss, Wisconsin Other uses * Swiss Café, an old café located ...
canton Canton may refer to: Administrative divisions * Canton (administrative division), territorial/administrative division in some countries * Township (Canada), known as ''canton'' in Canadian French Arts and entertainment * Canton (band), an It ...
of
Ticino Ticino ( ), sometimes Tessin (), officially the Republic and Canton of Ticino or less formally the Canton of Ticino, is one of the Canton of Switzerland, 26 cantons forming the Switzerland, Swiss Confederation. It is composed of eight districts ...
. Bordering municipalities are
Aranno Aranno is a municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in southern Switzerland. Bordering municipalities are Cademario, Iseo, Alto Malcantone, Miglieglia and Novaggio. In Aranno you can find the "Maglio", the last power ham ...
,
Bioggio Bioggio is a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the district of Lugano (district), Lugano, in the Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The municipality was created in 2004 with the union of old town of Bioggio with ...
and
Iseo Iseo may refer to: Acronyms * International Sustainable Energy Organization (ISEO) Places Italy * Iseo, Lombardy, a ''comune'' in the Province of Brescia * Lake Iseo, a lake in the Provinces of Bergamo and Brescia, Lombardy * Provaglio d'Ise ...
, in the Alto Malcantone area.


History

Cademario is first mentioned in 1163 as ''Cademerio''. In 1335 it was mentioned as ''Cadelmario Superiore'' to distinguish it from ''Cadelmario Inferiore'', which is now ''Bosco Luganese''. The oldest trace of a settlement in the area was an
Iron Age The Iron Age () is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age. It has also been considered as the final age of the three-age division starting with prehistory (before recorded history) and progre ...
cemetery which was discovered at La Forcora. By 1000 the
Bishop of Como The Diocese of Como () is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in northern Italy. It was established in the Fourth Century. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdi ...
owned property and rights in the village. Later, some of these rights were transferred to the
Benedictine The Benedictines, officially the Order of Saint Benedict (, abbreviated as O.S.B. or OSB), are a mainly contemplative monastic order of the Catholic Church for men and for women who follow the Rule of Saint Benedict. Initiated in 529, th ...
Abbey of S. Abbondio in
Como Como (, ; , or ; ) is a city and (municipality) in Lombardy, Italy. It is the administrative capital of the Province of Como. Nestled at the southwestern branch of the picturesque Lake Como, the city is a renowned tourist destination, ce ...
. Originally, the municipality was much larger. It included the villages of Bosco Luganese (now part of
Bioggio Bioggio is a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the district of Lugano (district), Lugano, in the Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The municipality was created in 2004 with the union of old town of Bioggio with ...
), which separated in 1783, Bioggio and perhaps Gaggio. The old
parish church A parish church (or parochial church) in Christianity is the Church (building), church which acts as the religious centre of a parish. In many parts of the world, especially in rural areas, the parish church may play a significant role in com ...
was built in the
Early Middle Ages The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages (historiography), Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century. They marked the start o ...
at a site below the village. Over the centuries the church was rebuilt numerous times. It was enlarged and rebuilt, new
fresco Fresco ( or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaster, the painting become ...
es were added, and it was even re-aligned from the southeast to the north. The current building was built in the early 17th century, but it was also later enlarged. It was last
consecrated Sacred describes something that is dedicated or set apart for the service or worship of a deity; is considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspires awe or reverence among believers. The property is often ascribed to objects (a ...
in 1833. The
parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...
archive contain a number of records from the Middle Ages, including town charters from 1416 and 1474. Throughout its history, the slopes around the village were planted with
vineyards A vineyard ( , ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines. Many vineyards exist for winemaking; others for the production of raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is kno ...
. In 1990, the vineyards covered an area of , with about 22,000 vines. There used to be a settlement at Alp Agra, but it was abandoned and all the buildings are gone. In the 1920s, the majestic ''Kurhaus'' or medicinal spa, was built above the village.


Coat of arms

The
coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...
of Cademario represents on a red ground the seated figure of
Saint Ambrose Ambrose of Milan (; 4 April 397), venerated as Saint Ambrose, was a theologian and statesman who served as Bishop of Milan from 374 to 397. He expressed himself prominently as a public figure, fiercely promoting Roman Christianity against Ari ...
(to whom the village church is dedicated) in white pontificals with a gold halo and a gold cross on his mitre, carrying a gold crook and Bible marked with a black cross, and behind him a white scourge with black lashes.


Geography

Cademario has an area, , of . Of this area, or 15.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 78.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 8.3% is settled (buildings or roads) and or 2.3% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 6.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.0%. Out of the forested land, 75.3% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 6.3% is used for growing crops, while 3.5% is used for orchards or vine crops and 6.1% is used for alpine pastures. The municipality is located in the Lugano district, in the upper Malcantone valley. It consists of the village of Cademario and the
hamlets A hamlet is a human settlement that is smaller than a town or village. This is often simply an informal description of a smaller settlement or possibly a subdivision or satellite entity to a larger settlement. Sometimes a hamlet is defined f ...
of Renera and Bogno.


Demographics

Cademario has a population () of . , 16.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008
accessed 19 June 2010
Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 19.9%. Most of the population () speaks
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
(74.8%), with
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
being second most common (16.3%) and
Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portu ...
being third (2.3%).Swiss Federal Statistical Office
accessed 17-December-2010
Of the Swiss national languages (), 97 speak
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
, 11 people speak
French French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), ...
, 446 people speak
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
, and 1 person speaks Romansh. The remainder (41 people) speak another language.Popolazione residente, secondo la lingua principale e la religione, nel 2000
accessed 23 November 2010
, the gender distribution of the population was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. The population was made up of 270 Swiss men (39.4% of the population), and 62 (9.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 301 Swiss women (43.9%), and 53 (7.7%) non-Swiss women. In there were 14 live births to Swiss citizens and 2 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 5 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 9 while the foreign population increased by 1. There were 4 Swiss men and 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 4 non-Swiss men and 5 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 12 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 2 people. This represents a
population growth rate Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 8.2 billion in 2025. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 70 million annu ...
of 2.0%. The age distribution, , in Cademario is; 80 children or 11.7% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 68 teenagers or 9.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 53 people or 7.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 90 people or 13.1% are between 30 and 39, 124 people or 18.1% are between 40 and 49, and 75 people or 10.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 91 people or 13.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 68 people or 9.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 37 people or 5.4% who are over 80.01.02.03 Popolazione residente permanente
accessed 23 November 2010
, there were 266 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 224 single family homes (or 72.3% of the total) out of a total of 310 inhabited buildings. There were 43 two family buildings (13.9%) and 27 multi-family buildings (8.7%). There were also 16 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose). The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 475 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 3 room apartment of which there were 152. There were 43 single room apartments and 126 apartments with five or more rooms. 09.02.02 Abitazioni
accessed 23 November 2010
Of these apartments, a total of 263 apartments (55.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 206 apartments (43.4%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (1.3%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.8 new units per 1000 residents. The historical population is given in the following table:


Heritage sites of national significance

The
Parish Church A parish church (or parochial church) in Christianity is the Church (building), church which acts as the religious centre of a parish. In many parts of the world, especially in rural areas, the parish church may play a significant role in com ...
of S. Ambrogio and the Necropolis a Forcora are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.


Politics

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the FDP which received 35.98% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (15.25%), the SP (15.03%) and the SVP (12.95%). In the federal election, a total of 238 votes were cast, and the
voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This is typically either the percentage of Voter registration, registered voters, Suffrage, eligible voters, or all Voti ...
was 48.0%. In the '' Gran Consiglio'' election, there were a total of 480 registered voters in Cademario, of which 304 or 63.3% voted. 9 blank ballots and 1 null ballot were cast, leaving 294 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT which received 109 or 37.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS (with 55 or 18.7%), the LEGA (with 38 or 12.9%) and the PPD+GenGiova (with 32 or 10.9%). Elezioni cantonali: Gran Consiglio, Consiglio di Stato
accessed 23 November 2010
In the ''Consiglio di Stato'' election, 5 blank ballots were cast, leaving 299 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT which received 109 or 36.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the LEGA (with 57 or 19.1%), the PS (with 56 or 18.7%) and the PPD (with 29 or 9.7%).


Economy

, Cademario had an unemployment rate of 4.59%. , there were 23 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 27 people were employed in the
secondary sector In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing. It encompasses industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in constructi ...
and there were 3 businesses in this sector. 128 people were employed in the
tertiary sector The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the ...
, with 19 businesses in this sector. There were 266 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.1% of the workforce. , there were 95 workers who commuted into the municipality and 180 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.9 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 17.9% of the workforce coming into Cademario are coming from outside Switzerland.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb
accessed 24 June 2010
Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 58.3% used a private car. , there were 2 hotels in Cademario.


Religion

From the , 430 or 72.1% were
Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...
, while 79 or 13.3% belonged to the
Swiss Reformed Church The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), formerly named Federation of Swiss Protestant Churches until 31 December 2019, is a federation of 25 member churches – 24 cantonal churches and the Evangelical-Methodist Church of Switzerland. The P ...
. There are 72 individuals (or about 12.08% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 15 individuals (or about 2.52% of the population) did not answer the question.


Education

The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Cademario about 70.5% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory
upper secondary education Secondary education is the education level following primary education and preceding tertiary education. Level 2 or ''lower secondary education'' (less commonly ''junior secondary education'') is considered the second and final phase of basic e ...
or additional higher education (either University or a ''
Fachhochschule A (; plural ), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a Hochschule, German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, te ...
''). In Cademario there were a total of 117 students (). The Ticino
education system The educational system generally refers to the structure of all institutions and the opportunities for obtaining education within a country. It includes all pre-school institutions, starting from family education, and/or early childhood education ...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory
kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
and in Cademario there were 13 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years. In the municipality, 47 students attended the standard primary schools. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two-year middle school followed by a two-year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four-year program to prepare for higher education. There were 34 students in the two-year middle school, while 7 students were in the four-year advanced program. The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 7 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 7 who attend part-time. The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 2 students in the professional program. Allievi e studenti, secondo il genere di scuola, anno scolastico 2009/2010
accessed 23 November 2010
, there were 73 students in Cademario who came from another municipality, while 56 residents attended schools outside the municipality.


References


External links


Official site
{{Authority control Cultural property of national significance in Ticino