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The Cabanada or War of Cabanos was a
The Cabanada movement was active in
rebellion
Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority.
A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and ...
that occurred in the Empire of Brazil
The Empire of Brazil was a 19th-century state that broadly comprised the territories which form modern Brazil and (until 1828) Uruguay. Its government was a representative parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Dom Pe ...
between 1832 and 1835. it started shortly after the abdication of Dom Pedro I, during the regency period.
Background
The new regime was facing financial difficulties, with foreign trade almost stagnant, cotton and cane sugar prices declining, and the privilege customs to England, in force since 1810, continuing. This financial instability led to riots that erupted throughout theEmpire of Brazil
The Empire of Brazil was a 19th-century state that broadly comprised the territories which form modern Brazil and (until 1828) Uruguay. Its government was a representative parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Dom Pe ...
in that period.
The Cabanada movement was active in Pernambuco
Pernambuco () is a state of Brazil, located in the Northeast region of the country. With an estimated population of 9.6 million people as of 2020, making it seventh-most populous state of Brazil and with around 98,148 km², being the 19 ...
, Alagoas, and Pará
Pará is a Federative units of Brazil, state of Brazil, located in northern Brazil and traversed by the lower Amazon River. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins (state), Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas (Brazilian state) ...
, but insurrections arose in different places and different times. The first one deals with the revolt in Pernambuco and Alagoas and the second in the Pará region.
Pernambuco and Alagoas
In Pernambuco, where the rebellion was known as "The War of Cabanada," the conservative Cabanadas demanded the return of the Portuguese monarch to the throne of Brazil. Rioting occurred inZona da Mata
The Zona da Mata (, directly translated to grass zone/grassy zone) is the narrow coastal plain between the Atlantic Ocean and the dry ''agreste'' and ''sertão'' regions in the northeastern Brazilian states of Maranhão, Piauí, Rio Grande do No ...
and Agreste
The agreste (, "countryside") is a narrow zone of Brazil in the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia between the coastal forest ''zona da mata'' and the semiarid ''sertão''. The agreste fades out after ...
. Its leader was Vicente de Paula, with followers of humble origin, predominantly Indians (Jacuípe and others) and slave
Slavery and enslavement are both the state and the condition of being a slave—someone forbidden to quit one's service for an enslaver, and who is treated by the enslaver as property. Slavery typically involves slaves being made to perf ...
s on the run (called ''papaméis'').
With the death of D. Pedro I in Portugal (1834), the movement had lost its impetus, and the rebellion ended with a peace conference arranged by Bishop João da Purificação Marques Perdigão. Even so, the governors Manoel de Carvalho Paes de Andrade and Antonio Pinto da Gama Chichorro
Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular male ...
sent an army of 4000 soldiers to surround the place, arresting hundreds of insurgents.
Pará
The insurrection of Cabanada in Pará was more severe because it was a nationalist movement and wanted the independence of the province. It lasted about 5 years, pacified by the Marechal Soares de Andréa, Baron Caçapava at the expense of several bloody conflicts and executions of insurgents. At the end of Cabanada, the leader Vicente de Paula was arrested and sent to the island of Fernando de NoronhaSee also
* War of the Peddlers 1710 to 1711 *Conspiracy of Suassuna
The Conspiracy of Suaçunas also known for its archaic spelling - The Conspiracy of Suassuna - was a conspiracy to overthrow Portuguese rule in Brazil at the dawn of the 19th century. The conspiracy was centered in Olinda.
In 1796, influenced b ...
1801
* 1817 Revolution 1817
* Confederation of the Equator 1824
* April Revolt
The April Revolt ( pt, Abrilada), in the history of Portugal, was an absolutist political revolt that took place in April 1824. It succeeded the Vilafrancada (1823) and foreshadowed the Portuguese Civil War (1828–1834).
History
On 30 ...
1832
* Praieira Revolution 1848 to 1850
References
Wars involving Brazil Rebellions in Brazil 1832 in Brazil 1833 in Brazil 1834 in Brazil 1835 in Brazil {{Brazil-hist-stub