Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respon ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''CRLF2''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
. It forms a ternary signaling complex with
TSLP and
interleukin-7 receptor-α
Interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha (IL7R-α) also known as CD127 (Cluster of Differentiation 127) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''IL7R'' gene.
IL7R-α is a type I cytokine receptor and is a subunit of the functional Interleukin- ...
, capable of stimulating
cell proliferation through activation of STAT3, STAT5 and JAK2 pathways and is implicated in the development of the
hematopoietic system
The haematopoietic system is the system in the body involved in the creation of the cells of blood.
Structure Stem cells
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in the medulla of the bone (bone marrow) and have the unique ability to give rise t ...
. Rearrangement of this gene with
immunoglobulin
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the ...
heavy chain gene (IGH) (chromosome 14), or with P2Y purinoceptor 8 gene (P2RY8) (chromosome X or Y) is associated with B-progenitor- and
Down syndrome
Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is usually associated with child development, physical growth delays, mild to moderate ...
- acute
lymphoblastic leukemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cells characterized by the development of large numbers of immature lymphocytes. Symptoms may include feeling tired, pale skin color, fever, easy bleeding or bruisin ...
(ALL).
Cytokine
Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling. Cytokines are peptides and cannot cross the lipid bilayer of cells to enter the cytoplasm. Cytokines have been shown to be involved in a ...
signals are mediated through specific
receptor complexes, the components of which are mostly members of the type I cytokine receptor family. Type I cytokine receptors share conserved structural features in their
extracellular domain. Receptor complexes are typically heterodimeric, consisting of
alpha chains, which provide ligand specificity, and beta (or gamma) chains, which are required for the formation of high-affinity binding sites and
signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular ...
.
upplied by OMIMref name="entrez"/>
References
Further reading
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External links
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