Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) also known as CD66e (Cluster of Differentiation 66e), is a member of the
carcinoembryonic antigen
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) describes a set of highly-related glycoproteins involved in cell adhesion. CEA is normally produced in gastrointestinal tissue during fetal development, but the production stops before birth. Consequently, CEA is us ...
(CEA)
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
family.
Functions
In the literature, CEACAM5 is often used as a synonym for cancer embryonic antigen (CEA), a well-known biomarker of many types of malignancies, such as colorectal cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer. Its primary function in the embryonic intestine and colon tumors is adhesion between epithelial cells. Also, it plays a significant role in the inhibition of differentiation and apoptosis in colon cells. There are evidences that high CEACAM5 expression is firmly associated with the
CD133
CD133 antigen, also known as prominin-1, is a glycoprotein that in humans is encoded by the ''PROM1'' gene. It is a member of pentaspan transmembrane glycoproteins, which specifically localize to cellular protrusions. When embedded in the cell me ...
-positive colorectal
cancer stem cell
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample ...
s. High CEACAM5 expression has also been identified in ~25% of patients with advanced non-squamous (NSq) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) detectable via IHC (immunohistochemistry).
See also
*
Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophe ...
References
Further reading
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
External links
*
*
PDBe-KBprovides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5)
{{Clusters of differentiation
Clusters of differentiation