C-C chemokine receptor type 1 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''CCR1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
CCR1 has also recently been designated CD191 (
cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophe ...
191).
Function
This gene encodes a member of the
beta chemokine receptor family, which belongs to
G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily related ...
s. The ligands of this receptor include
CCL3 (or MIP-1 alpha),
CCL5 (or RANTES),
CCL7 (or MCP-3), and
CCL23 (or MPIF-1).
Chemokines and their receptors, which mediate
signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a biochemical cascade, series of molecular events. Proteins responsible for detecting stimuli are generally termed receptor (biology), rece ...
, are critical for the recruitment of effector
immune cell
White blood cells (scientific name leukocytes), also called immune cells or immunocytes, are cell (biology), cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign entities. White blood c ...
s to the site of
inflammation
Inflammation (from ) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. The five cardinal signs are heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function (Latin ''calor'', '' ...
.
Knockout
A knockout (abbreviated to KO or K.O.) is a fight-ending, winning criterion in several full-contact combat sports, such as boxing, kickboxing, Muay Thai, mixed martial arts, karate, some forms of taekwondo and other sports involving striking, ...
studies of the mouse homolog suggested the roles of this gene in host protection from inflammatory response, and susceptibility to virus and parasite. This gene and other chemokine receptor genes, including
CCR2,
CCRL2,
CCR3,
CCR5
C-C chemokine receptor type 5, also known as CCR5 or CD195, is a protein on the surface of white blood cells that is involved in the immune system as it acts as a receptor for chemokines.
In humans, the ''CCR5'' gene that encodes the CCR5 p ...
and
CXCR1, are found to form a gene cluster on chromosome 3p.
Interactions
CCR1 has been shown to
interact with
CCL5.
References
Further reading
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External links
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Chemokine receptors
Clusters of differentiation
{{transmembranereceptor-stub