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Bucsu (german: Butsching, ) is a village in Vas County,
Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croa ...
, in the vicinity of
Szombathely Szombathely (; german: Steinamanger, ; see also other alternative names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary. It is the administrative centre of Vas county in the west of the country, located near the border with Austria. Szombathely lies by t ...
. It is on the border with
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
, and there is a road crossing the border from Bucsu to Rechnitz and Schachendorf. The historical center of the village consists of two rows of houses, somewhat enlarged around the middle. Between the rows flows the Arany-patak creek, running from Rohonc (Austria) toward Szombathely. The most notable landmark of the village is its 13th century church located at 8 Rohonc Street and named after the archangel Michael. Until as late as 1756 it was surrounded by a cemetery, however this has today been moved to a nearby hill. The church was used in the 17th century by Lutheran inhabitants, and later by Catholic believers. The high altar is decorated by the baroque statues of
Saint John Nepomuk John of Nepomuk (or John Nepomucene) ( cs, Jan Nepomucký; german: Johannes Nepomuk; la, Ioannes Nepomucenus) ( 1345 – 20 March 1393) was the saint of Bohemia ( Czech Republic) who was drowned in the Vltava river at the behest of Wenceslaus ...
,
Saint Joseph Joseph (; el, Ἰωσήφ, translit=Ioséph) was a 1st-century Jewish man of Nazareth who, according to the canonical Gospels, was married to Mary, the mother of Jesus, and was the legal father of Jesus. The Gospels also name some brothers ...
, Saint Anthony, and Saint Ignatius. The internal painting of the church as well as the tabernacle, were done by George Dominek.


Geography

Bucsu is located 10 km west of
Szombathely Szombathely (; german: Steinamanger, ; see also other alternative names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary. It is the administrative centre of Vas county in the west of the country, located near the border with Austria. Szombathely lies by t ...
at the Austrian border. Neighboring communities include
Perenye Perenye is a village in Vas county, Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, R ...
, Bozsok,
Gencsapáti Gencsapáti is a village in Vas county, Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the ...
,
Szombathely Szombathely (; german: Steinamanger, ; see also other alternative names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary. It is the administrative centre of Vas county in the west of the country, located near the border with Austria. Szombathely lies by t ...
, Narda, Dozmat,
Torony Torony (lit. "tower") is a village in Vas county, Hungary. External links Street map (Hungarian) Populated places in Vas County {{Vas-geo-stub ...
, Csajta ( Schachendorf, Austria), and Rohonc ( Rechnitz, Austria).


Origin of its name

The name "Bucsu" comes from the Hungarian name "''Bulcsú''". It is believed that the village was the winter residence of a 9th-century horka named
Bulcsú Bulcsú (or Vérbulcsú; died 10 August 955) was a Hungarian chieftain, one of the military leaders of prince Taksony of Hungary, a descendant of Árpád. He held the title of horka. He was one of the most important figures of the Hungarian inv ...
who occupied this region.


History

The history of human settlement in the area goes back at least to Roman times. Within the vicinity of Bucsu were discovered the remains of a Roman aqueduct that supplied Savaria (the Latin name of
Szombathely Szombathely (; german: Steinamanger, ; see also other alternative names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary. It is the administrative centre of Vas county in the west of the country, located near the border with Austria. Szombathely lies by t ...
) with drinking water from the mountainous village Bozsok and the town of Rohonc (today Rechnitz, Austria). The earliest written record of the village of Bucsu is found in documents from the medieval Hungarian archives of 1236 where it is called Bulchu. The foundation of its church dates to the 14th century. Documents from the 15th century also mentioned it variously by the names "''BwlchW''" (1433) and "''Bwcsw''" (1485) In a 1796 work, scholar András Vályi claimed a village 1.75
mérföld The mile, sometimes the international mile or statute mile to distinguish it from other miles, is a British imperial unit and United States customary unit of distance; both are based on the older English unit of length equal to 5,280 Engli ...
from Szombathely had in the past been variously named Bucsu, Bucsa, and Bucsina with the inhabitants belonging to more than one ethnic group and religion - the majority of whom were Hungarian and
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...
. Vályi mentions that the landowner family, Vajda, owned a manor house during this period,Today the same building is used by the Hungarian
border guard A border guard of a country is a national security agency that performs border security. Some of the national border guard agencies also perform coast guard (as in Germany, Italy or Ukraine) and rescue service duties. Name and uniform In diff ...
.
and the lands surrounding the village produced several varieties of first class agricultural goods for sale by the residents, although it lacked vineyards. Scholar Elek Fényes wrote in 1851 that "''Bucs''" or "''Butsing''" was a Hungarian village 1
mérföld The mile, sometimes the international mile or statute mile to distinguish it from other miles, is a British imperial unit and United States customary unit of distance; both are based on the older English unit of length equal to 5,280 Engli ...
distant from Szombathely, with lands totaling 429 kath. and situated within the territorial boundaries of the town of
Kőszeg Kőszeg (german: Güns, ; Slovak: ''Kysak'', sl, Kiseg, hr, Kiseg) is a town in Vas County, Hungary. The town is famous for its historical character. History The origins of the only free royal town in the historical garrison county of Va ...
. The non-Catholic population demographics were listed as 28 Jews and 6 Lutherans. Fényes mentions multiple mansions in the village and describes its plains areas as capable of producing good quality wheat. Non-agricultural areas of the village consisted mainly of forest, with grape imports grown on the hills of Rohonc (Rechnitz, Austria). Prominent landowners in the 19th century are listed by Fényes as Szabó, Széll, and
Vajda Vajda is a Hungarian language surname. It is derived from Proto-Slavic *vojevoda. In medieval times, vajda was the equivalent of voivode, meaning a "war-leader" or "war-lord". The name may refer to: * Anna Vajda (born 1984), Hungarian basketball ...
. In an 1898 monograph Bucsu is described as "a nicely situated Hungarian village with 82 houses, 575 Roman Catholic and evangelical inhabitants. The village has a number of mansions including those of landowner Ödön Széll, Szombathely mayor Ernő Szabó, and Mrs. János Németh de Dömötör." The 1910 population of Bucsu had grown to 640 inhabitants. The mail and telegram service was provided by the town of Rohonc/Rechnitz, but after 1921 the community gained its own post office. Bucsu was the site of a camp for forced labourers during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
until 28 March 1945. After the war the village was connected to the Hungarian electricity circuit. Because Bucsu was no longer considered an official frontier crossing place after 1953, the train between Szombathely and Pinkafő ( Pinkafeld, Austria) that had been introduced in 1888 was stopped and the tracks were eliminated. In 1976 the road was opened for crossing the Hungarian-Austrian border toward Rohonc (Rechnitz, Austria) and a connecting road was built toward main road 89 The community gained access to a water conduit system in 1986 and natural gas in 1993. The water system was updated to include slot water removal in 2003.


Notable landmarks

Prominent landmarks within Bucsu include the 13th/14th century Saint Michael Church,The church was renovated in a Baroque style in the 18th century. The opened remains of the Roman Aqueduct system, the former railroad station, the Ödön Széll mansionLater owned by Felix Techet and later by Gyula Sonnevend. (currently used by the Hungarian Border Guard), the Szabó mansion (currently converted into a block of flats), and the bicycle path going to Eisenberg (Austria)


Notable residents

The Bucsu branch of the Széll family became known for a number of notable Hungarian professionals and cabinet ministers. Among these are included prime minister
Kálmán Széll Kálmán Széll de Duka et Szentgyörgyvölgy (8 June 1843 – 16 August 1915) was a Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1899 to 1903. Early career He was born in the ancient Hungarian noble family Széll de Du ...
(1843-1915) and Secretary of internal affairs
József Széll József Széll de Duka et Szentgyörgyvölgy (14 October 1880 – 27 August 1956) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Interior Minister An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affair ...
(1880-1956). Anna Hertelendy, the grandmother of statesman Ferenc Deák (known as "the wise man of Hungary") was also born in Bucsu. Famous residents of Bucsu are discussed in a publication in ''Vasi Szemle'' by T. and K. Széll.Széll, Tamás and Kalman Széll. "Tallózás Bucsu Multrjában". ''Vasi Szemle'' LVI (6) Pp.719-736. (2002).


Notes


External links


Street map (Hungarian)


References

{{authority control Populated places in Vas County