Bytom (Polish pronunciation: ; Silesian: ''Bytōm, Bytōń'', ) is a city in

Upper Silesia Upper Silesia ( ; ; ; ; Silesian German: ; ) is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia, located today mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic. The area is predominantly known for its heav ...

, in southern

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. Located in the

Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship ( ) is an administrative province in southern Poland. With over 4.2 million residents and an area of 12,300 square kilometers, it is the second-most populous, and the most-densely populated and most-urbanized region of Poland ...

, the city is 7 km northwest of

Katowice Katowice (, ) is the capital city of the Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland and the central city of the Katowice urban area. As of 2021, Katowice has an official population of 286,960, and a resident population estimate of around 315,000. K ...

, the regional capital. It is one of the oldest cities in the

, and the former seat of the Piast dukes of the

Duchy of Bytom The Duchy of Bytom (, , ) was a duchy in Upper Silesia, one of the Duchies of Silesia, Silesian duchies of fragmented Piast dynasty, Piast-ruled Poland. It was established in Upper Silesia about 1281 during the division of the Duchy of Opole and Ra ...

. Until 1532, it was in the hands of the

Piast dynasty The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented List of Polish monarchs, Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I of Poland, Mieszko I (–992). The Poland during the Piast dynasty, Piasts' royal rule in Pol ...

, then it belonged to the Hohenzollern dynasty. After 1623 it was a

state country State country (; ; ) was a unit of administrative and territorial division in the Bohemian crown lands of Silesia and Upper Lusatia, existing from 15th to 18th centuries. These estates were exempt from feudal tenure by privilege of the Bohemian ...

in the hands of the Donnersmarck family. From 1742 to 1945 the town was within the borders of

Prussia Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, ...

and

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

, and played an important role as an economic and administrative centre of the local industrial region. Until the outbreak of

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, it was the main centre of national, social, cultural and publishing organisations fighting to preserve Polish identity in

. In the interbellum and during World War II, local Poles and Jews faced persecution by Germany. After the war, decades of the

Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...

were characterized by a constant emphasis on the development of

heavy industry Heavy industry is an industry that involves one or more characteristics such as large and heavy products; large and heavy equipment and facilities (such as heavy equipment, large machine tools, huge buildings and large-scale infrastructure); o ...

, which deeply polluted and degraded Bytom. After 1989, the city experienced a socio-economic decline. The population has also been rapidly declining since 1999. However, it is an important place in the cultural, entertainment, and industrial map of the region.

Geology

The bedrock of the Upland of Miechowice consists primarily of sandstones and slates. The rocks are punctuated with abundant natural resources of coal and iron ore from the Carboniferous period. In the north part of the upland, in the Bytom basin lays the broad range of the triassic rocks, from sandstones to limestones, with rich ore, zinc and lead reserves. The upper layer is composed of clay, sand and gravel.

Coat of arms

One half of the

coat of arms of Bytom The coat of arms of Bytom in Silesia, Poland, was adopted in 1886 by a resolution of the town council. The arms are composed of two symbols. The left ( heraldic: dexter) half shows a miner digging with a pickaxe for smithsonite, referring to the t ...

depicts a miner mining coal, while the other half presents a yellow eagle on the blue field – the symbol of

History

Bytom is one of the oldest cities of

, originally recorded as ''Bitom'' in 1136, when it was part of the Medieval

Kingdom of Poland The Kingdom of Poland (; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a monarchy in Central Europe during the Middle Ages, medieval period from 1025 until 1385. Background The West Slavs, West Slavic tribe of Polans (western), Polans who lived in what i ...

. Archaeological discoveries have shown that there was a fortified settlement (a '' gród'') here, probably founded by the Polish King

Bolesław I the Brave Bolesław I the Brave (17 June 1025), less often List of people known as the Great, known as Bolesław the Great, was Duke of Poland from 992 to 1025 and the first King of Poland in 1025. He was also Duke of Bohemia between 1003 and 1004 as Boles ...

in the early 11th century. After the

fragmentation of Poland The period of rule by the Piast dynasty between the 10th and 14th centuries is the first major stage of the history of Poland, history of the Polish state. The dynasty was founded by a series of dukes listed by the chronicler Gall Anonymous in t ...

in 1138, Bytom became part of the

Seniorate Province Seniorate Province, also known as the Senioral Province, was a district principality in the Duchy of Poland that was formed in 1138, following the fragmentation of the state.Kwiatkowski, Richard. The Country That Refused to Die: The Story of t ...

, as it was still considered part of historic

Lesser Poland Lesser Poland, often known by its Polish name ''Małopolska'' (; ), is a historical region situated in southern and south-eastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Kraków. Throughout centuries, Lesser Poland developed a separate cult ...

. In 1177 it became part of the Silesian province of Poland, and remained within historic

Silesia Silesia (see names #Etymology, below) is a historical region of Central Europe that lies mostly within Poland, with small parts in the Czech Silesia, Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is approximately , and the population is estimated at 8, ...

since. Bytom received city rights from Prince Władysław in 1254 with its first centrally located market square. The city of Bytom benefited economically from its location on a trade route linking

Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 ...

with Silesia from east to west, and

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

with

Moravia Moravia ( ; ) is a historical region in the eastern Czech Republic, roughly encompassing its territory within the Danube River's drainage basin. It is one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The medieval and early ...

and

Greater Poland Greater Poland, often known by its Polish name Wielkopolska (; ), is a Polish Polish historical regions, historical region of west-central Poland. Its chief and largest city is Poznań followed by Kalisz, the oldest city in Poland. The bound ...

from north to south. The first

Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...

Church of the Virgin Mary was built in 1231. In 1259 Bytom was raided by the

Mongols Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China ( Inner Mongolia and other 11 autonomous territories), as well as the republics of Buryatia and Kalmykia in Russia. The Mongols are the principal member of the large family o ...

. The Duchy of Opole was split and in 1281 Bytom became a separate duchy, since 1289 under overlordship and administration of the

Kingdom of Bohemia The Kingdom of Bohemia (), sometimes referenced in English literature as the Czech Kingdom, was a History of the Czech lands in the High Middle Ages, medieval and History of the Czech lands, early modern monarchy in Central Europe. It was the pr ...

. Bytom Castle was built in around 1284-1299 and demolished in later centuries. They duchy existed until 1498, when it was re-integrated with the Piast-ruled Duchy of Opole. Due to German settlers coming to the area, the city was being Germanized. It came under the control of the

Habsburg monarchy The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm (), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities (composite monarchy) that were ruled by the House of Habsburg. From the 18th century it is ...

Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...

in 1526, which increased the influence of the German language. In 1683, Polish King

John III Sobieski John III Sobieski ( (); (); () 17 August 1629 – 17 June 1696) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1674 until his death in 1696. Born into Polish nobility, Sobieski was educated at the Jagiellonian University and toured Eur ...

and his wife Queen Marie Casimire, visited the city, greeted by the townspeople and clergy, on the king's way to the

Battle of Vienna The Battle of Vienna took place at Kahlenberg Mountain near Vienna on 1683 after the city had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months. The battle was fought by the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarchy) and the Polish–Li ...

. The city became part of the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (, ) was a German state that existed from 1701 to 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Rev. ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1946. It played a signif ...

in 1742 during the

Silesian Wars The Silesian Wars () were three wars fought in the mid-18th century between Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia (under King Frederick the Great) and Habsburg monarchy, Habsburg Austria (under Empress Maria Theresa) for control of the Central European ...

and part of the

German Empire The German Empire (),; ; World Book, Inc. ''The World Book dictionary, Volume 1''. World Book, Inc., 2003. p. 572. States that Deutsches Reich translates as "German Realm" and was a former official name of Germany. also referred to as Imperia ...

in 1871. In the 19th and the first part of the 20th centuries, the city rapidly grew and industrialized. Bytom Legionow 49 2023

Bytom was one of the main centers of Polish resistance against Germanization in Upper Silesia in the 19th century, up until the mid-20th century. Polish social, political and cultural organizations were formed and operated here. From 1848, the newspaper '' Dziennik Górnośląski'' was published here. Poles smuggled large amounts of gunpowder through the city to the

Russian Partition The Russian Partition (), sometimes called Russian Poland, constituted the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that were annexed by the Russian Empire in the course of late-18th-century Partitions of Poland. The Russian ac ...

of Poland during the

January Uprising The January Uprising was an insurrection principally in Russia's Kingdom of Poland that was aimed at putting an end to Russian occupation of part of Poland and regaining independence. It began on 22 January 1863 and continued until the last i ...

in 1863. According to the Prussian census of 1905, the city of Beuthen had a population of 60,273, of which 59% spoke German, 38% spoke Polish and 3% were bilingual. In 1895, the "Sokół" Polish Gymnastic Society was established, and, during the Silesian uprisings, in 1919–1920, Polish football clubs Poniatowski Szombierki and Polonia Bytom were founded, which later on, in post-

Poland both won the national championship. After

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, in the Upper Silesian plebiscite of 1921, 74.7% of the votes in Beuthen city were for

, and 25.3% were for

, due to which it remained in Germany, as part of the Province of Upper Silesia. In the interwar period, Bytom was one of two cities (alongside

Kwidzyn Kwidzyn (; ; Latin: ''Quedin''; Old Prussian: ''Kwēdina'') is a town in northern Poland on the Liwa River. With a population of 36,731, it is the capital of Kwidzyn County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Geography Kwidzyn is located on the L ...

) in

, in which a Polish gymnasium was allowed to operate. In 1923 a branch of the

Union of Poles in Germany Union of Poles in Germany (, ) is an organisation of the Poland, Polish minority in Germany, founded in 1922. In 1924, the union initiated collaboration between other minorities, including Sorbs, Danish minority in Southern Schleswig, Danes, Fris ...

was established in Bytom. There was also a Polish

preschool A preschool (sometimes spelled as pre school or pre-school), also known as nursery school, pre-primary school, play school, is an school, educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they ...

, two scout troops and a Polish bank. In a secret ''

Sicherheitsdienst ' (, "Security Service"), full title ' ("Security Service of the ''Reichsführer-SS''"), or SD, was the intelligence agency of the Schutzstaffel, SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. Established in 1931, the SD was the first Nazi intelligence ...

'' report from 1934, Bytom was named one of the main centers of the Polish movement in western Upper Silesia. Polish activists were persecuted since 1937. The Bytom Synagogue was burned down by Nazi German SS and SA troopers during the Kristallnacht on 9–10 November 1938. Before 1939, the town, along with Gleiwitz (now

Gliwice Gliwice (; , ) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. The city is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Kłodnica river (a tributary of the Oder River, Oder). It lies approximately 25 km west from Katowice, the regional capital ...

), was at the southeastern tip of German Silesia.

World War II and post-war period

During the German

invasion of Poland The invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Second Polish Republic, Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak R ...

, which started

, the Germans carried out mass arrests of local Poles. On September 1, 1939, the day of the outbreak of the war, Adam Bożek, the chairman of the Upper Silesian district of the Union of Poles in Germany, was arrested in Bytom and then deported to the Dachau concentration camp. The Germans carried out revisions in the Polish gymnasium and the local Polish community centre, 20 Polish activists were arrested on September 4, 1939, then released and arrested again a few days later to be deported to the

Buchenwald concentration camp Buchenwald (; 'beech forest') was a German Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg hill near Weimar, Nazi Germany, Germany, in July 1937. It was one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps within the Altreich (pre-1938 ...

. Also three Polish teachers, who had not yet fled, were arrested, while the assets of the Polish bank were confiscated. The '' Einsatzgruppe I'' entered the city on September 6, 1939, to commit atrocities against Poles. Many Poles were conscripted to the

Wehrmacht The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the German Army (1935–1945), ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmac ...

and died on various war fronts, including 92 former students of the Polish gymnasium. The Beuthen Jewish community was liquidated via the first ever Holocaust transport to be exterminated at

Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz, or Oświęcim, was a complex of over 40 Nazi concentration camps, concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) d ...

. The Germans operated a Nazi prison in the city with a forced labour subcamp in the present-day Karb district. There were also multiple forced labour camps within the present-day city limits, including six subcamps of the Stalag VIII-B/344

prisoner-of-war camp A prisoner-of-war camp (often abbreviated as POW camp) is a site for the containment of enemy fighters captured as Prisoner of war, prisoners of war by a belligerent power in time of war. There are significant differences among POW camps, inte ...

. Dozens of prisoners were sent from the Nazi prison on a death march westwards towards Głubczyce. In January 1945, the city was captured by the Soviet

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

. Soviet troops then committed massacres of civilians in the present-day district of Miechowice and Stolarzowice, killing some 400 and 70 people, respectively, and raped many women. In 1945, the city was transferred to Poland as a result of the Potsdam Conference. Its German population was largely expelled by the Soviet Army and the remaining indigenous Polish inhabitants were joined mostly by Poles repatriated from the eastern provinces annexed by the Soviets. In 2017, the Tarnowskie Góry Lead-Silver-Zinc Mine and its Underground Water Management System, located mostly in the neighboring city of Tarnowskie Góry, but also partly in Bytom, was included on the

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...

World Heritage List World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural heritag ...

Districts

The city of Bytom is divided into 12 districts ( Polish: ''Dzielnice''), year of inclusion within the city limits in brackets: * Śródmieście (lit. ''city centre''/''downtown'') * (1927) * Bobrek (1951) * (1951) * (1951) * (1951) *

Szombierki Szombierki () is a Bytom#Districts, district of Bytom, Poland, located in the southern part of the city. Szombierki Heat Power Station and Szombierki Coal Mine (KWK Szombierki), both recognized as important historical and industrial monuments, a ...

(1951) * (1975) * (1975), also known as Sójcze Wzgórze * (1975) * (1975) * Sucha Góra (1975) Radzionków with Rojca (currently a district of Radzionków) were located within the city limits of Bytom from 1975 until 1997. Somehow there is (probably) autonomic district named "Vitor" in South Stroszek.

Economy

Trade is one of the main pillars of the economy of Bytom. Being a city with long traditions of commercial trade, Bytom is fulfilling its new postindustrial role. In the centre of Bytom, and mainly around Station Street and the Market Square, is the largest concentration of registered merchants in the county. In 2007, Bytom and its neighbours created the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union, the largest urban centre in Poland. The Union was superseded by

Metropolis GZM The Metropolis GZM (, formally in Polish (Upper Silesian-Dąbrowa Basin Metropolis)) is a metropolitan association () composed of 41 contiguous gminas, with a total population of over 2 million, covering most of the Katowice metropolitan area i ...

in 2018.

Public transport

The tram routes are operated by Silesian Interurbans Tramwaje Śląskie S.A

Sport

Bytom is home to Polonia Bytom which has both a football and an ice hockey team ( TMH Polonia Bytom). Its football team played in the

Ekstraklasa (; meaning "Extra Class" in Polish), officially known as PKO Bank Polski Ekstraklasa due to its Sponsor (commercial), sponsorship by PKO Bank Polski, is a professional association football league in Poland and the highest level of the Polish foo ...

, most recently from 2007 to 2011, winning it twice in

1954 Events January * January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting. * January 7 – Georgetown–IBM experiment: The first public demonstration of a machine translation system is held in New York, at the head ...

and in

1962 The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Events January * January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...

. The

district is home to another former Polish champion Szombierki Bytom which won the title in

1980 Events January * January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a United States grain embargo against the Soviet Union, grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission. * January 6 – Global Positioning Sys ...

, and is one of the oldest clubs in the region. Other areas of the city host football clubs such as Górniki which is home to lower league club Rodło Górniki, founded in 1946.

Culture

Bytom's cultural venues include: *

Silesian Opera Silesian Opera in Bytom () is an opera company in Bytom, Silesia, Poland, that was founded in 1945. Its home is the former City Theatre, designed by architect Albert Bohm, that was built in Neoclassical style Neoclassicism, also spelled Neo- ...

– ul. Moniuszki 21/23 * (Town's Public Library) * Dance Theatre Rozbark in Bytom * Bytomskie Centrum Kultury (Bytom Cultural Centre) * Kronika – Center of modern art * City Choir of St. Grzegorz Wielki * Muzeum Górnośląskie (Upper Silesian Museum) Among Bytom's art galleries are: Galeria Sztuki Użytkowej Stalowe Anioły, Galeria "Rotunda" MBP, Galeria "Suplement", Galeria "Pod Czaplą", Galeria "Platforma", Galeria "Pod Szrtychem", Galeria Sztuki "Od Nowa 2", Galeria SPAP "Plastyka" – Galeria "Kolor", Galeria "Stowarzyszenia.Rewolucja.Art.Pl", and Galeria-herbaciarnia "Fanaberia". Festivals * Annual International Contemporary Dance Conference and Performance Festival * Theatromania – Theatre Festival * Bytom Literary Autumn * Festival of New Music

Education

* The list of Bytom universities includes: ** Silesian University of Technology – Faculty of Transport ** Medical University of Silesia ** Polish Japanese Institute of Information Technology ** Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomii i Administracji * Secondary schools: ** I Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Jana Smolenia ** II Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego ** IV Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Bolesława Chrobrego ** 21 other secondary schools

Politics

Bytom/Gliwice/Zabrze constituency

Members of Parliament (

Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People' ...

) elected in the 2023 election from Bytom/Gliwice/Zabrze constituency * Marta Golbik, KO * Bożena Borys-Szopa, PiS * Wanda Nowicka, NL * Wojciech Szarama, PiS * Marek Gzik, KO * Tomasz Głogowski, KO * Jarosław Wieczorek, PiS * Piotr Strach, TD * Krystyna Szumilas, KO

Notable people

* Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki (), Polish composer and musician * Heinrich Schulz-Beuthen (1838–1915), German composer * Siegfried Karfunkelstein (1848–1870), Prussian soldier * Ernst Gaupp (1865–1916), German anatomist * Ludwig Halberstädter (1876–1949), radiologist * Adolf Kober (1879–1958),

rabbi A rabbi (; ) is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi—known as ''semikha''—following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of t ...

and historian * Maximilian Kaller (1880–1947), bishop of Warmia * Hermann Kober (1888-1973), Jewish-German mathematician * Kate Steinitz (1889–1975), German-American artist and art historian * Hartwig von Ludwiger (1895–1947), German general * Max Tau (1897–1976), Jewish-German-Norwegian writer, editor and publisher * Henry J. Leir (1900–1998), American industrialist, financier, and philanthropist * Friedrich Domin (1902–1961), German film actor * Herbert Büchs (1913–1996), German General * Józef Kachel (1913–1983), head of the pre-war Polish Scouting Association in Germany * Hans-Joachim Pancherz (1914–2008), German aviator and test pilot * Horst Winter (1914–2001), German-Austrian jazz musician * Leo Scheffczyk (1920–2005), German theologian and cardinal * Bent Melchior(1929-2021) Chief Rabbi of Denmark and humanitarian. *

Haim Yavin Haim Yavin (; born September 10, 1932) is an Israeli television anchor and documentary filmmaker. He was one of Israel's leading news presenters, associated with the job for so many decades that he was known as "Mr. Television." Biography Heinz ...

(born 1932), Israeli news anchor * Wolfgang Reichmann (1932–1991), German actor * Reinhard Opitz (1934–1986), German political scientist * Leo-Ferdinand Henckel von Donnersmarck (1935–2009), German businessman and Catholic lay worker * Józef Szmidt (born 1935), Polish triple jumper * Jan Liberda (1936–2020), Polish footballer * Hans-Jochen Jaschke (1941-2023), German Roman Catholic bishop * Jan Banaś (born 1943), Polish footballer * Walter Winkler (1943–2014), Polish footballer * Zygmunt Anczok (born 1946), Polish footballer *

Jerzy Konikowski Jerzy Konikowski (born 24 January 1947, in Bytom, Poland) is a Polish–German chess master, problemist and author. He was a Polish national team trainer in 1978–1981 (the Polish Women's national team won bronze medal in the 9th Chess Olymp ...

(born 1947), chess player * Leszek Engelking (born 1955), Polish poet, writer, translator and scholar * Waldemar Legień (born 1963), Polish judoka, Olympic champion from Seoul and Barcelona * Michał Probierz (born 1972), Polish football manager and former football player * Marcin Suchański (born 1977), Polish footballer *

Marzena Godecki Marzena Godecki (born 28 September 1978) is a Polish-Australian actress. She is best known for her starring role as Neri in '' Ocean Girl''. Early life Marzena Godecki was born on 28 September 1978 in Bytom, Poland. When she was three years ...

(born 1978), Australian actress * Dorota Kobiela (born 1978), Polish filmmaker * Paul Freier (born 1979), German footballer * Marek Suker (born 1982), Polish footballer * Gosia Andrzejewicz (born 1984), Polish pop singer * Martyna Majok (born 1985), Polish-American playwright * Weronika Murek (born 1989), Polish writer * Mariusz Wodzicki, Polish mathematician

Twin towns – sister cities

Bytom is twinned with: *

Butte In geomorphology, a butte ( ) is an isolated hill with steep, often vertical sides and a small, relatively flat top; buttes are smaller landforms than mesas, plateaus, and table (landform), tablelands. The word ''butte'' comes from the French l ...

, United States *

Drohobych Drohobych ( ; ; ) is a city in the south of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Drohobych Raion and hosts the administration of Drohobych urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. In 1939–1941 and 1944–1959 it w ...

, Ukraine *

Ormož Ormož (; in older sources , , , Prekmurje Slovene: ''Ormošd'') is a town in the traditional region of Prlekija, part of Styria (Slovenia), Styria, in northeastern Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Drava, Drava River and borders with Croa ...

, Slovenia * Recklinghausen, Germany * Vsetín, Czech Republic *

Zhytomyr Zhytomyr ( ; see #Names, below for other names) is a city in the north of the western half of Ukraine. It is the Capital city, administrative center of Zhytomyr Oblast (Oblast, province), as well as the administrative center of the surrounding ...

, Ukraine

Gallery

File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P011875, Oberschlesien, Kraftwerk.jpg, Bobrek power station in the 1930s File:Rynek w Bytomiu i widok na kamienice.jpg, Market square File:Bytom - City hall 01.jpg, Bytom city hall File:Kosciol sw jacka rozbark tyl.jpg, St. Hyacinth's Church – an example of

Neo-Romantic The term neo-romanticism is used to cover a variety of movements in philosophy, literature, music, painting, and architecture, as well as social movements, that exist after and incorporate elements from the era of Romanticism. It has been used ...

architecture in Bytom File:Bytom - Plac Akademicki 01.JPG, ''Plac Akademicki'' – public square File:Bytom - Kościół pw. Świętej Trójcy 04.jpg, Holy Trinity Church File:Fasadaivlo.img.jpg, IV Secondary School

References

External links

Municipality of Bytom
{{Authority control Cities in Silesia City counties of Poland Cities and towns in Silesian Voivodeship Holocaust locations in Poland Capitals of former nations