Burgsinn
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Burgsinn () is a market
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
in the Main-Spessart district in the ''
Regierungsbezirk A ' (, 'governmental district') is a type of administrative division in Germany. Currently, four of sixteen ' (states of Germany) are split into '. Beneath these are rural and urban districts ' (plural, ) serve as regional mid-level local gov ...
'' of
Lower Franconia Lower Franconia (, ) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities). History After ...
(''Unterfranken'') in
Bavaria Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria, is a States of Germany, state in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the list of German states by area, largest German state by land area, comprising approximately 1/5 of the total l ...
,
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
and the seat of the ''
Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Municipal associations (, , ) are statutory corporations or public bodies created by statute in the German federal states of Bavaria, Saxony, Thuringia, and Schleswig-Holstein. In Baden-Württemberg the term ''stipulated municipal association ...
'' (municipal association) of Burgsinn. It has a population of around 2,500.


Geography


Location

Burgsinn lies in the Main-Spessart district, in the ''
Mittelgebirge A ''Mittelgebirge'' (; German: ''Mittel'', "middle or mid"; ''Gebirge'', "mountains or mountainous area") is a type of relatively low mountain range or highland area typical of the geography of central Europe, especially central and southern Germ ...
''
Spessart Spessart () is a ''Mittelgebirge'', a range of low wooded mountains, in the States of Bavaria and Hesse in Germany. It is bordered by the Vogelsberg, Rhön and Odenwald. The highest elevation is the Geiersberg (Spessart), Geiersberg at 586 metre ...
. It is located in the valley of the river Sinn from which it takes its name.


Subdivisions

The community has only the ''Gemarkung'' (traditional rural cadastral area) of Burgsinn. The municipal territory stretches into the wooded hills east and west of the Sinn valley.


Neighbouring communities

Burgsinn borders on (from the north, clockwise): Mittelsinn, the
unincorporated area An unincorporated area is a parcel of land that is not governed by a local general-purpose municipal corporation. (At p. 178.) They may be governed or serviced by an encompassing unit (such as a county) or another branch of the state (such as th ...
s ' and ',
Wartmannsroth Wartmannsroth is a municipality in the district of Bad Kissingen in Bavaria in Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and ...
,
Gräfendorf Gräfendorf is a municipality in the Main-Spessart district in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Lower Franconia (''Unterfranken'') in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaft'' (Administrative Community) of Gemünden am Main. Geo ...
,
Rieneck Rieneck () is a town in the Main-Spessart, Main-Spessart district in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Lower Franconia (''Unterfranken'') in Bavaria, Germany. Geography Location Rieneck lies in the Würzburg region between the southern foothills ...
, (unincorporated area),
Fellen Fellen is a municipality in the Main-Spessart district in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Lower Franconia (''Unterfranken'') in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaft'' (Administrative Community) of Burgsinn. Geography Locat ...
and
Aura im Sinngrund Aura im Sinngrund (officially: ''Aura i. Sinngrund'') is a municipality in the Main-Spessart district in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Lower Franconia (''Unterfranken'') in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaft'' (municipal ...
.


History

A stone
hatchet A hatchet (from the Old French language, Old French , a diminutive form of ''hache'', 'axe' of Germanic origin) is a Tool, single-handed striking tool with a sharp blade on one side used to cut and split wood, and a hammerhead on the other side ...
found in Burgsinn, from the final days of the
Neolithic The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Ancient Greek, Greek 'new' and 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Mesopotamia, Asia, Europe and Africa (c. 10,000 BCE to c. 2,000 BCE). It saw the Neolithic Revo ...
' bears witness to the first known human presence in the municipal area. In 812 a document from
Fulda Abbey The Abbey of Fulda (; ), from 1221 the Princely Abbey of Fulda () and from 1752 the Prince-Bishopric of Fulda (), was a Benedictine abbey and ecclesiastical principality centered on Fulda, in the present-day German state of Hesse. The monastery ...
mentioned the ''Sinngau'' ("Sinn District"), or in the spelling of the time, ''Sinnahgeuue''. From the year 1001 comes the first written proof of the community's existence; at that time it was the village of Sinna, a Würzburg holding. In 1303 a source speaks of ''
Burgmann From the 12th century in central Europe, a ''Burgmann'' (plural: ''Burgmannen'' or modern term ''Burgmänner'', Latin: ''oppidanus'', ''castrensus'') was a knight ministeriales or member of the nobility who was obliged to guard and defend castles. ...
en'' of ''Gotzo, Aplo et Her (mannus) de Sinne'' occupying the Sinna border fortifications. In 1334,
Emperor The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...
'' Ludwig der Bayer'' granted ''dem Dorf zu Synne'' ("The Village at Synne") everlasting market rights. In 1338, Dietz von Thüngen became hereditary ''Burgmann'' and lord of the castle and locality of Sinna. Dietz von Thüngen's son Wilhelm acquired the Burgsinn lordship, with all appurtenances, in 1405 for 10,000 ''Gulden'' From 1405 until 1814 (with an interruption in the 17th century), Burgsinn was the seat of the Thüngen family (see House of Thüngen (German). The former knightly estate of the Barons of Thüngen was mediatized by
Prince Primate Prince-primate (German: ''Fürstprimas'', Hungarian: ''hercegprímás'') is a rare princely title held by individual (prince-) archbishops of specific sees in a presiding capacity in an august assembly of mainly secular princes, notably the foll ...
von Dalberg's
Principality of Aschaffenburg The Principality of Aschaffenburg () was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire created in 1803 and, following the dissolution of the Empire in 1806, of the Confederation of the Rhine, which existed from 1806 to 1810. Its capital was Aschaffenb ...
. In 1808, it was traded to the
Grand Duchy of Würzburg The Grand Duchy of Würzburg () was a German grand duchy centered on Würzburg existing in the early 19th century. History As a consequence of the 1801 Treaty of Lunéville, the Bishopric of Würzburg was secularized in 1803 and granted to the ...
, with which it passed to the
Kingdom of Bavaria The Kingdom of Bavaria ( ; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1806 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German Empire in 1871, the kingd ...
in 1814.


Demographics

Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:350 height:200 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:50 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:3200 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:200 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1970 text:1970 bar:1987 text:1987 bar:2000 text:2000 bar:2003 text:2003 bar:2005 text:2005 PlotData= color:barra width:40 align:center bar:1970 from:0 till:2949 bar:1987 from:0 till:2626 bar:2000 from:0 till:2696 bar:2003 from:0 till:2697 bar:2005 from:0 till:2672 PlotData= bar:1970 at:2949 fontsize:S text:2.949 fontsize:M shift:(2,5) bar:1987 at:2626 fontsize:S text:2.626 fontsize:M shift:(2,5) bar:2000 at:2696 fontsize:S text:2.696 fontsize:M shift:(2,5) bar:2003 at:2697 fontsize:S text:2.697 fontsize:M shift:(2,5) bar:2005 at:2672 fontsize:S text:2.672 fontsize:M shift:(2,5) TextData= fontsize:S pos:(20,20) text:"Population figures for the community of Burgsinn“


Economy

According to official statistics, there were 5 workers on the social welfare contribution rolls working in
agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...
and
forestry Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, planting, using, conserving and repairing forests and woodlands for associated resources for human and Natural environment, environmental benefits. Forestry is practiced in plantations and ...
in 1998. In producing businesses this was 193, and in trade and
transport Transport (in British English) or transportation (in American English) is the intentional Motion, movement of humans, animals, and cargo, goods from one location to another. Mode of transport, Modes of transport include aviation, air, land tr ...
140. In other areas, 136 workers on the social welfare contribution rolls were employed, and 878 such workers worked from home. There were 3 processing businesses. Three businesses were in construction, and furthermore, in 1999, there were 24 agricultural operations with a working area of 371 ha, of which 29 ha was cropland and 325 ha was meadowland. Municipal taxes in 1999 amounted to €1,065,000 (converted), of which net business taxes amounted to €155,000.


Governance

In 2014, Robert Herold (BüLi) was elected mayor with 58,4% of votes cast.


Coat of arms

The community's
arms Arms or ARMS may refer to: *Arm or arms, the upper limbs of the body Arm, Arms, or ARMS may also refer to: People * Ida A. T. Arms (1856–1931), American missionary-educator, temperance leader Coat of arms or weapons *Armaments or weapons **Fi ...
might be described thus: Or a ram's attire gules. The ram's horn can have been taken from neither the arms borne by the Barons of Thüngen nor those borne by the
Counts of Rieneck The County of Rieneck was a comital domain within the Holy Roman Empire that lay in what is now northwestern Bavaria (in the west of Lower Franconia). It bore the same name as its original ruling family, the Counts of Rieneck, from whom the count ...
, even though both families are tightly bound with Burgsinn's history. While the half of Castle Burgsinn that the Counts of Rieneck held in fief passed, when the Counts’ Rothenfels line died out, back to Würzburg in 1333, with the Barons of Thüngen buying the whole castle in 1405 from Würzburg, it was the Voit von Rieneck family, long the ''
Vögte An , sometimes simply advocate, (German, ), or (French, ), was a type of medieval office holder, particularly important in the Holy Roman Empire, who was delegated some of the powers and functions of a major feudal lord, or for an institutio ...
'' at Rieneck, who were until the 15th century holders of part of the
tithe A tithe (; from Old English: ''teogoþa'' "tenth") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Modern tithes are normally voluntary and paid in money, cash, cheques or v ...
s and of the court at Mittelsinn. In 1630, when the
Electorate of Mainz The Electorate of Mainz ( or '; ), previously known in English as Mentz and by its French name Mayence, was one of the most prestigious and influential states of the Holy Roman Empire. In the hierarchy of the Catholic Church, the Archbishop-Elec ...
moved to strip the family Thüngen of their
fief A fief (; ) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form of feudal alle ...
, the court at Burgsinn was held by the von Rieneck family's steward. The Counts of Rieneck had already died out in the early 16th century. After the Thüngens were reinstated in Burgsinn in 1697, besides various other agreements made by the community, the community received an explicit assurance that it could use “its old village seal”. What kind of seal this was and from what time it came is not said, but since the Voit von Rieneck family bore a ram in its coat of arms, it can be assumed with a likelihood bordering on certainty that Burgsinn's coat of arms was a reduced version of the Voit von Rieneck family's.


Arts, culture and sightseeing


Monuments

* The castle (''Burg'' in
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
, meaning a
mediaeval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and t ...
military fortification), also called ''Altes
Schloss ''Schloss'' (; pl. ''Schlösser''), formerly written ''Schloß'', is the German term for a building similar to a château, palace, or manor house. Related terms appear in several Germanic languages. In the Scandinavian languages, the cogn ...
'' is laid out like a typical
moat A moat is a deep, broad ditch dug around a castle, fortification, building, or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence. Moats can be dry or filled with water. In some places, moats evolved into more extensive water d ...
ed castle with a tower at each of the four corners. At the entry into the castle stands a 22 m-tall
keep A keep is a type of fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility. Scholars have debated the scope of the word ''keep'', but usually consider it to refer to large towers in castles that were fortified residen ...
with each side 8.5 m in length and walls of 2.6 m thickness. Construction of the tower has been dated to the 12th century. The buildings that are still standing were converted or renovated in the 16th or 17th century. The castle is private property. * ''Neues Schloss'', late
Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...
* ''Fronhöfer Schlösschen'', Renaissance building from the early 17th century * ''Rienecker Tor'', only remaining town gate * Parish church of St. Martin There is also a
park A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats. Urban parks are urban green space, green spaces set aside for recreation inside t ...
complex in the community and the cycle paths around Burgsinn run from Würzburg all the way to Fulda.


Infrastructure


Transport

Burgsinn lies on the Hanover-Würzburg high-speed rail line and the Flieden–Gemünden railway line. At the ''Betriebsbahnhof Burgsinn'' (depot), trains can be switched between the old and new lines. The ''Staatsstrasse 2303'' passes through Burgsinn. To the south it connects to Bundesstrasse 26 at Langenprozelten/Gemünden.


Health

Medical services are provided by three
general practitioner A general practitioner (GP) is a doctor who is a Consultant (medicine), consultant in general practice. GPs have distinct expertise and experience in providing whole person medical care, whilst managing the complexity, uncertainty and risk ass ...
s with surgeries in the community, one
dentist A dentist, also known as a dental doctor, dental physician, dental surgeon, is a health care professional who specializes in dentistry, the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. The dentist's supporting team aids in provi ...
, a pharmacist and two physiotherapists. Furthermore, there is a Bavarian Red Cross rescue station in Burgsinn equipped with an ambulance.


Leisure

Burgsinn has at its disposal a relatively big outdoor
swimming pool A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, paddling pool, or simply pool, is a structure designed to hold water to enable Human swimming, swimming and associated activities. Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built abo ...
with a 50 m-long basin which includes a diving tower area (1, 2 and 3 m), a basin for non-swimmers with a slide and a wading pool. The complex also has a
beach volleyball Beach volleyball is a team sport played by two teams of two to four players each on a sand court divided by a net. Similar to indoor volleyball, the objective of the game is to send the ball over the net and to ground it on the opponent's side o ...
court.


Education

As of 1999 the following institutions existed in Burgsinn: *
Kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
: 100 places with 103 children *
Primary school A primary school (in Ireland, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, South Africa, and Singapore), elementary school, or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary ...
-
Hauptschule A ''Hauptschule'' (, "general school") is a secondary school in Germany, starting after four years of elementary schooling (''Grundschule''), which offers Lower Secondary Education (Level 2) according to the International Standard Classification ...
with 23 teachers and 359 students (as of 2007/2008 school year)


References


External links


Municipal website
{{Authority control Main-Spessart