Burbage Brook
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Burbage Brook is an upper tributary stream of the River Derwent in the
Peak District The Peak District is an Highland, upland area in central-northern England, at the southern end of the Pennines. Mostly in Derbyshire, it extends into Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Staffordshire, West Yorkshire and South Yorkshire. It is subdivi ...
of England.


Toponymy

The origin of the name is thought to derive from the Germanic ''baki'' for creek.


Course


White Path Moss

The source of the brook is on
moorland Moorland or moor is a type of Habitat (ecology), habitat found in upland (geology), upland areas in temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands and the biomes of montane grasslands and shrublands, characterised by low-growing vegetation on So ...
to the north of the brook's valley in
Derbyshire Derbyshire ( ) is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It borders Greater Manchester, West Yorkshire, and South Yorkshire to the north, Nottinghamshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south-east, Staffordshire to the south a ...
where it drains the land south of Friar's Ridge on White Path Moss, close to Stanage Edge.


Burbage Valley

Within the first kilometre the altitude of the brook falls just over 60 metres from 396 to 335 metres above sea level. The water enters Burbage Valley and
Sheffield Sheffield is a city in South Yorkshire, England, situated south of Leeds and east of Manchester. The city is the administrative centre of the City of Sheffield. It is historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire and some of its so ...
at the Upper Burbage Bridge (). It then flows through the Burbage valley and the remains of Burbage conifer plantation, which included
Lodgepole pine ''Pinus contorta'', with the common names lodgepole pine and shore pine, and also known as twisted pine, and contorta pine, is a common tree in western North America. It is common near the ocean shore and in dry montane forests to the subalpin ...
,
Scots pine ''Pinus sylvestris'', the Scots pine (UK), Scotch pine (US), Baltic pine, or European red pine is a species of tree in the pine family Pinaceae that is native to Eurasia. It can readily be identified by its combination of fairly short, blue-gr ...
and Japanese larch. This was planted by
Sheffield City Council Sheffield City Council is the local authority for the City of Sheffield, a metropolitan borough with city status in South Yorkshire, England. The council consists of 84 councillors, elected to represent 28 wards, each with three councillors. ...
between 1968 and 1971 with an outline designed to represent Great Britain when viewed from the air. It was sometimes known as the ''Great Britain Plantation''. The West Country was not represented by the plantation due to unexploded ordnance being found where the planting was to have taken place. This is a result of the area around the brook being used as a training ground by British
Home Guard Home guard is a title given to various military organizations at various times, with the implication of an emergency or reserve force raised for local defense. The term "home guard" was first officially used in the American Civil War, starting ...
and Canadian infantry during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. Prior to the planting of trees the area was to have been the site of a reservoir, though this plan was rejected due to unsuitable underlying geology. The plantation was felled following recommendations made in Moors for the Future Report No 8 and on the recommendation of South Yorkshire Fire and Rescue service, with work to remove the trees commencing in August 2014. Parts of the Burbage Valley are a
Site of Special Scientific Interest A Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in Great Britain, or an Area of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI) in the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland, is a conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom and Isle ...
(SSSI) and are home to the water vole, which resulted in a decision to remove the felled trunks by helicopter in order to minimise the
environmental impact Environmental issues are disruptions in the usual function of ecosystems. Further, these issues can be caused by humans ( human impact on the environment) or they can be natural. These issues are considered serious when the ecosystem cannot reco ...
of the wood's clearance. Stumps of the trees have not been uprooted as the Moors for the Future report suggested that the area covered by the plantation might contain important archaeological remains. The seeds of native trees have been planted in some parts of the former plantation, with the seeds, including those of Sessile Oak, having been gathered from Clough Woodlands on the nearby
Longshaw Estate Longshaw Estate is an area of moorland, woodland and farmland within the Peak District National Park in Derbyshire, England. The name of Longshaw is thought to have derived from the long wood in Padley Gorge. There are remains from Bronze Age ...
. Work to remove the plantation, funded by the Nature Improvement Areas Programme, is expected to result in an additional area of 14.40 ha of native woodland and 8.58 ha of upland heath around the brook. The valley is overlooked by
Higger Tor Higger Tor or Higgar Tor is a gritstone tor in the Dark Peak, in the north of the Peak District National Park in England. It overlooks the Burbage Valley and the Iron Age hill fort of Carl Wark to the southeast. The tor stands to the south w ...
and
Carl Wark Carl Wark (sometimes Carl's Wark) is a rocky promontory on Hathersage Moor in the Peak District National Park, just inside the boundary of Sheffield, England. The promontory is faced by vertical cliffs on all but one side, which is protected by ...
to the west and
Burbage Rocks Burbage Rocks is a gritstone escarpment in South Yorkshire, overlooking the village of Hathersage in the Peak District. The highest point along the escarpment is above sea level, whilst Burbage Moor rises above to . Burbage Rocks is a southern ...
to the east, one of the birth places of modern British climbing. The Chatsworth gritstone along Burbage Rocks was the source of material for millstones in the past. As it flows out of the remnants of the plantation, the brook passes under a
Grade II listed In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a structure of particular architectural or historic interest deserving of special protection. Such buildings are placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, H ...
packhorse bridge A packhorse bridge is a bridge intended to carry packhorses (horses loaded with sidebags or panniers) across a river or stream. Typically a packhorse bridge consists of one or more narrow (one horse wide) masonry arches, and has low Parapet#Bridg ...
.


Lawrence Field and Padley Gorge

It continues down the valley and below the A6187 at (lower) Burbage Bridge, close to a rock feature known as Toad's Mouth and the associated Toad's Mouth prehistoric field system, where it re-enters Derbyshire at Lawrence Field. It then flows into
Padley Gorge Padley Gorge is a deep but narrow valley in the Peak District, Derbyshire between the village of Grindleford and the A6187 road. The gorge is wooded with a stream, the Burbage Brook. This stream used to form the boundary between Derbyshire a ...
, Derbyshire, as it passes through the Longshaw Estate. The woodland around the brook, Yarncliff Wood, at this point is also a SSSI and a breeding site for pied flycatcher,
wood warbler The wood warbler (''Phylloscopus sibilatrix'') is a common and widespread leaf warbler which breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe, and just into the extreme west of Asian Russia in the southern Ural Mountains. This warbler is stro ...
and
hawfinch The hawfinch (''Coccothraustes coccothraustes'') is a passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is the only extant species placed in the genus ''Coccothraustes''. Its closest living relatives are the genus '' Eophona'' of East Asia, a ...
. At Upper Padley, before it flows into the river Derwent, it flows close to
Grindleford railway station Grindleford railway station serves the village of Grindleford in the Derbyshire Peak District, England. It is located away from the village centre in Nether Padley. The station is a stop on the Hope Valley line between and . History It was ...
and Padley Chapel.


Artistic representation

The brook, as seen from Upper Burbage Bridge was depicted in a painting by artist Stanley Royle in 1919, and again, this time from (lower) Burbage Bridge at an unknown date.


See also

*
List of rivers in England This is a list of rivers of England, organised geographically and taken anti-clockwise around the English coast where the various rivers discharge into the surrounding seas, from the Solway Firth on the Scottish border to the Welsh Dee on the Wel ...


References


External links

{{authority control Rivers of Sheffield Rivers of Derbyshire